Trunk (internal) - a compartment in the back or passenger compartment of a passenger car or bus, designed to accommodate and carry luggage. Available in almost all types of car bodies, except for commercial van , pickup .
In cars with two- and single-volume bodies, a station wagon , a hatchback , a coupe-hatchback , a micro - van , a compact van , a minivan , a van are not structurally separated from the passenger compartment, and access to it is via an additional door located in the rear end of the body. Due to the ability to transform the interior , that is, to fold or remove passenger seats, the luggage volume of such bodies can vary within wide limits, which increases their functionality.
On vehicles with three-volume bodies, a sedan , a hardtop sedan , a limousine , a convertible , a coupe and a roadster, the limited- sized trunk is a compartment separate from the passenger compartment with a separate lockable trunk lid .
On modern suburban, intercity and tourist buses with an engine in the rear, luggage compartments are located under the passenger compartment floor within the wheelbase (on the two-story tourist models, the entire first floor can be used for luggage). On front-wheel-drive buses , luggage compartments (racks) in the rear of the passenger compartment or roof racks are usually used.
On sports models with a small amount of luggage space, an additional luggage rack for installing luggage was often installed on the trunk lid.
History
On the first "self-propelled crews" of the XIX century, capable of making only short-term walking and competitive trips, the trunk was absent.
With an increase in the reliability of engines and cars in general, at the beginning of the 20th century caravanning was born, which brought to life the need to carry luggage. By analogy with horse-drawn carriages, two luggage transportation schemes were used: a suitcase fastened with ropes and straps outside at the rear of the body, or a roof mount for closed crews.
This was reflected in the name of the trunk - for example, in English-speaking countries it is called “boot”, which literally translates as “suitcase”. In the USSR in the thirties and forties, the term “suitcase” was also used (in particular, in the documentation for the Pobeda car), but later it was supplanted by the word “trunk”.
The first direction through the intermediate stage of special folding grates, removable wardrobe trunks and entire “auto-suitcases” headsets led to the appearance of a modern trunk type on the bodies of the sedan, limousine and coupe types by the end of the 1930s, that is, the creation of the classic three-volume type of body, and the second direction to create removable roof racks.
At the end of the 1920s, a glazed station wagon type body was created to deliver the luggage of railway passengers from stations to hotels and vice versa, which became the forerunner of a two-volume station wagon body.
In 1965, the predecessor of all modern hatchbacks appeared - Renault R16 .
In the early 80s, due to the improvement of the quality of door seals, as well as the creation of easily removable seats, the popularity of two- and one-volume bodies has increased significantly and currently they are successfully competing with three-volume bodies, especially in Western Europe , for example, in France this is the main body type .
Trunk (external)
The trunk (external) - a metal structure, usually mounted on the roof of the car. Until recently, in the USSR (subsequently Russia), the trunk was understood to mean a metal basket-grill, mounted on top of a car, onto gutters.
The European interpretation of the term “car trunk” is two crossbars, a steel square or aluminum aerodynamic (oval, wing-shaped) profile, which are installed either on roof rails (longitudinal arches are usually installed by car manufacturers), or in regular places, or through special hooks (whales) behind the doorway. On these crossbars special nozzles-accessories are installed for the transportation of all kinds of goods ( bicycles , skis , etc.). This boot concept was invented at the Swedish company Thule in 1961. In the future, Thule roof racks became widely known. Other brands of car roof racks are also popular: Atlant (Russia), Montblanc (Sweden), Atera (Germany).