Pliers (from fr. Pince-à-tige from fr. Pince - clamp and fr. Tige - rod) - a multifunctional hand-held fitter's and assembler's tool designed for clamping and gripping pipes and parts of various shapes [1] .
Pliers, unlike pliers [2] , have one or two pairs of serrated recesses for gripping and turning cylindrical parts, as well as a notch both on the flat part and in the recesses.
Pliers, the handles of which are coated with insulation, are an insulated tool [3] and can be used to perform electrical work under voltage up to 1000 V.
In combined pliers, one of the handles ends with a screwdriver , and the other with an awl ( hole punch ) or a Phillips screwdriver. There are also folding pliers - multifunctional tools that include many different tools.
Content
Application
- Clamping small parts during processing (use as a manual vise ).
- Compression of connectors (terminals) on wires in the absence of a special tool .
- Gripping hot objects (use as crucible forceps ).
- Contrary to popular belief [4], nuts should not be wound without needing to be pliers: their edges are likely to be “broken”.
Pliers in the USSR and Russia
Different countries have their own standards for pliers. In Russia, the manufacture and testing of these tools is regulated by a number of standards:
- GOST 17438-72 "Pliers. Technical conditions ";
Pliers are made in two versions:
- with elongated jaws (universal purpose);
- with short jaws (for installation work; Linnemann type).
Pliers are usually made of steel grades 8XF and U7A or other steels that ensure compliance with the technical requirements for these tools.
Hardness should not be lower:
- hinge cutting elements - 51 HRCе ;
- cutting edges of sponges - 53 HRC;
- clamping surfaces - 45.5 HRCe.
| Designation of pliers [5] | Execution | Length | Width | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rated | Marginal deviation | |||
| 7814-0257 | 125 | 6 | ||
| 7814-0258 | 160 | eight | ||
| 7814-0259 | 180 | 9 | ||
| 7814-0261 | 200 | ten | ||
| 7814-0262 | 220 | eleven | ||
| 7814-0263 | 125 | 6 | ||
| 7814-0264 | 160 | eight | ||
| 7814-0265 | 180 | 9 | ||
| 7814-0266 | 200 | ten | ||
| 7814-0267 | 220 | eleven | ||
On the flat clamping surfaces of the jaws, corrugation is applied. Protective and decorative metallic and non-metallic coatings are applied to the pliers - for example, chemical oxidation, chemical phosphating or cadmium with chromate depending on operating conditions.
Pliers intended for operation in electrical installations with voltage up to 1000 V must additionally comply with the requirements of GOST 11516.
See also
- GOST 17440-93 “Pliers with semicircular lips. Technical conditions
- GOST 7283-93 "Round-nose pliers. Technical conditions
Notes
- ↑ GOST 17438-72 "Pliers. Technical conditions
- ↑ GOST 7236-93 "Pliers. Technical conditions
- ↑ A tool made of a conductive material and coated with an insulating material in whole or in part.
- ↑ Pliers - an article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia .
- ↑ The table shows the size of the pliers corresponding to ISO 5746-88; pliers sizes are given without insulating handles.