Ligdamid ( Greek: Λύγδαμις ) - tyrant of Naxos in the second half of the VI century BC e.
| Ligdamide | |||||||
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| Greek Λύγδαμις | |||||||
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He belonged to the Naxos aristocracy and at the same time was the leader of the popular party opposing the oligarchy [1] . Around 546 BC e. joined Pisistratus , whom he helped with money and people in establishing the third tyranny [2] . Perhaps, like Pisistratus, he was at that time an exile.
After the Battle of Pallenides and the establishment of tyranny, Pisistratus organized a naval expedition, subjugated Naxos and transferred power to him Ligdamida, leaving him the sons of his Athenian opponents taken hostage [3] .
Around 538 BC e. Ligdamide helped establish the tyranny of Polycrates on Samos [4] . It is not known whether Pisistratus participated in this enterprise, but researchers consider this possible, since Athens and Samos had a common enemy - Mytilene [5] .
Like his colleagues Pisistratus and Polycrates, Ligdamid had close ties with the sanctuary of Apollo on Delos [6] .
It is known about his rule that he seized the lands of escaped aristocrats, and wanted to sell them, however, there were few buyers on the island and they offered too low a price, because the tyrant sold the lands to those who confiscated them, and these people who were in exile could thus own land on Naxos. [7]
Based on one report by Plutarch [8], it is assumed that Ligdamid was overthrown by the Spartans and Corinthians during the Samos expedition against Polycrates [7] , however, the reliability of the words of Plutarch raises doubts [9] [10] .
According to another assumption, the tyrant could be overthrown around 517-515 BC. e., the time for which, according to the chronicle of Eusebius , accounts for the thalassocracy of Sparta in Aegis [9] [10] . This opinion is also disputed, since most researchers do not believe in Spartan thalassocracy at all [9] .
Plutarch has preserved a joke according to which
Once the Spartan ambassadors came to the tyrant Ligdamidu, but he, repeatedly postponing the meeting, all postponed the meeting. Finally, someone said that he was not disposed to a date, because he felt weak. “Tell him, in the name of the gods,” the ambassadors said, “that we did not come to fight him, but to speak.”
- Plutarch . Sayings of the unknown Spartans, 67 (Moralia, 236c.)
L. G. Pechatnova suggests that everything was limited to this, the Spartans verbally confirmed their rejection of tyranny, and Ligdamid remained in power, and when and by whom he was overthrown is unknown [9] . According to Herodotus , at the beginning of the V century BC. e. oligarchs ruled the island again [11] .
Notes
- ↑ Aristotle. Politics. 1305a
- ↑ Herodotus. I, 61
- ↑ Herodotus. I 64
- ↑ Polyen. I, 23, 2
- ↑ Andrews, 2007 , p. 488.
- ↑ Forrest, 2007 , p. 309, 377.
- ↑ 1 2 Bervay, 1997 , p. 102.
- ↑ Plutarch. On the maliciousness of Herodotus, 21
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Pechatnova, 2001 , p. 180.
- ↑ 1 2 Forrest, 2007 , p. 309.
- ↑ Herodotus. V, 30
Literature
- Berve G. Tirana of Greece. - Rostov n / a : Phoenix, 1997 .-- ISBN 5-222-000368 -X.
- Pechatnova L.G. History of Sparta (the period of archaics and classics). - SPb. : Humanitarian Academy, 2001. - ISBN 5-93762-008-9 .
- Forrest, U.J. J. Euboea and the Isles; Central Greece and Thessaly // Cambridge History of the Ancient World . - T. III, part 3. The expansion of the Greek world. VIII-VI centuries BC e. - M .: Ladomir, 2007 .-- ISBN 978-5-86218-467-9 .
- Andrews A. Growth of the Athenian State // Cambridge History of the Ancient World . - T. III, part 3. The expansion of the Greek world. VIII-VI centuries BC e. - M .: Ladomir, 2007 .-- ISBN 978-5-86218-467-9 .