Trehalose or mycosis is an organic compound , a carbohydrate from the group of non-reducing disaccharides . In natural trehalose, 2 D- glucose residues are linked by an α-1,1-glycosidic bond.
| Trehalose | |
|---|---|
 | |
 | |
| Are common | |
| Systematic name | 2- (hydroxymethyl) -6- [3,4,5-trihydroxy-6- (hydroxymethyl) tetrahydropyran-2-yl] hydroxy-tetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol |
| Abbreviations | α-Ｄ-glucopyranosyl; α-Ｄ-glucopyranoside; (α, α ‐ trehalose) |
| Traditional names | trehalose, mycosis |
| Chem. formula | C 12 H 22 O 11 (anhydride) |
| Physical properties | |
| condition | solid, crystalline |
| Molar mass | 342.2965 ± 0.0144 g / mol |
| Density | 1.58 g / cm³ |
| Thermal properties | |
| T. melt. | 203 ° C |
| Chemical properties | |
| Solubility in water | 68 g / 100 ml |
| Classification | |
| Reg. CAS number | 99-20-7 |
| PubChem | |
| Reg. EINECS number | |
| Smiles | |
| Inchi | |
| Chebi | |
Structure
Trehalose is a disaccharide formed by an α-1,1-glycosidic bond between two α-glucose molecules.
Physico-chemical properties
It is a white crystalline substance, readily soluble in water, odorless, sweetish in taste (the sweetness of trehalose is approximately 45% of the sweetness of sucrose ). In its structure, trehalose is a non-reducing disaccharide , as it does not have free semi-acetal (glycoside) hydroxyl [1] . Due to the α (1 → 1) bond, trehalose has a high melting point - 203 ° C, is resistant to acid hydrolysis at high temperatures and in a strongly acidic environment. Does not react with feling fluid . When hydrolyzed, it forms only glucose . The enzyme that hydrolyzes trehalose is called trehalase .
Biological properties
It is used to prevent and relieve dry eye syndrome as part of a moisturizing solution [2] .
Being in nature
Trehalose was first isolated from ergot ; also found in algae, yeast , higher fungi , lichens , in some higher plants, hemolymph of a number of worms and insects . A rich source of trehalose is ash exudate ( Trehala manna ) released as a result of an injection of insects. Derivatives of trehalose were found in tuberculous bacilli : the highly toxic cord-factor (trehalose is linked to 2 higher fatty acid molecules) and phosphoglucan , in which trehalose residues are connected by a phosphodiester bond to a linear chain. The biosynthesis of trehalose phosphate occurs with the participation of uridine diphosphate glucose. In the larvae of the chironomid Polypedilum vanderplanki , capable of tolerating drying, the accumulation in cells of a high concentration of trehalose is one of the mechanisms of resistance to drying [3] .
Notes
- ↑ Trehalose - Big Encyclopedia of Oil and Gas, article . Date of treatment April 5, 2013. Archived April 17, 2013.
- ↑ Thealosis rr d / eye protection moisturized / lubricated 10ml - buy in Moscow at a low price in an online pharmacy . apteka.ru. Date of appeal April 19, 2018.
- ↑ Minoru Sakurai. Vitrification is essential for anhydrobiosis in an African chironomid, Polypedilum vanderplanki // Proc Natl Acad Sci USA: Article. - 2008. - No. 105 . - S. 5093-5098 .