Andrei Aleksandrovich , Andrei Gorodetsky (c. 1255 - July 27, 1304 ) - Prince of Kostroma in ( 1276 - 1293 , 1296 - 1304 ), Grand Prince of Vladimir ( 1281 - 1283 , 1294 - 1304 ), Prince of Novgorod in ( 1281 - 1285 , 1292 - 1304 ), Prince Gorodetsky in ( 1264 - 1304 )
| Andrey Alexandrovich | |||||||
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| Predecessor | Dmitry Aleksandrovich | ||||||
| Successor | Ivan Dmitrievich | ||||||
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| Predecessor | Ivan Dmitrievich | ||||||
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| Predecessor | Dmitry Aleksandrovich | ||||||
| Successor | Dmitry Aleksandrovich | ||||||
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| Predecessor | Dmitry Aleksandrovich | ||||||
| Successor | Mikhail Yaroslavich | ||||||
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| Predecessor | Dmitry Aleksandrovich | ||||||
| Successor | Dmitry Aleksandrovich | ||||||
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| Predecessor | Dmitry Aleksandrovich | ||||||
| Successor | Mikhail Yaroslavich | ||||||
| Birth | OK. 1255 | ||||||
| Death | July 27, 1304 | ||||||
| Burial place | Gorodets | ||||||
| Kind | Rurikovich | ||||||
| Father | Alexander Yaroslavich Nevsky | ||||||
| Mother | Alexandra Bryachislavovna Polotskaya | ||||||
| Spouse | Vasilisa (daughter of Rostov Prince Dmitry Borisovich ) | ||||||
| Children | Boris , Mikhail, Yuri | ||||||
From the Rurikovich clan, the third son of Alexander Nevsky . According to the will of his father, he received an inheritance from the Suzdal Gorodets principality, which remained in his possession until his death.
Content
Biography
In 1277, Andrei Aleksandrovich first came to the pages of annals as a participant in the Russian-Horde campaign in the Yassky city of Dyadyakov (North Ossetia- Vladikavkaz ), which was taken on February 8, 1278. The campaign turned out to be very successful, the princes earned the mercy of the Horde Khan and returned home with rich booty. The campaign against the Yasses (Alans) became "the most significant participation of Russian troops in the military companies of the Golden Horde khans" [1] . Prince Andrei Gorodetsky began the fight for the Grand Ducal table in 1281 [2] , taking advantage of the feud between his elder brother Dmitry Alexandrovich and Novgorod . He hastened to the Horde and for rich gifts received from Khan Mengu-Timur a label for the great reign and the Tatar army [3] . But Prince Dmitry Pereyaslavsky did not want to give up power, made a trip to the Nogai camp and took him an oath of allegiance. Nogai, opposing the Great Khan, confirmed the powers of Dmitry and gave him a strong detachment to reinforce. In 1281 , Prince Andrey raided the lands of Murom, Vladimir, Yuryev, Suzdal, Pereyaslavl, Rostov and Tver with the Tatar detachments of Khan Mengu-Timur, however, failing to defeat Dmitry Pereyaslavsky, he went to reign in Novgorod at the invitation of the Novgorodians [3] . [four]
After 1283, Andrei reconciled with his brother Dmitry, to whom he ceded the great reign, after which they went together to Novgorod, forcing him to submit to the Prince of Vladimir ( 1284 ). But in 1285, Andrei again went to Russia with the Tatar army. Dmitry led the regiments towards, “the prince ran to the Horde”, and many of the boyars of Andrei were captured.
In 1293, the new Zolotorodin Khan of Tokhta again sent troops led by his brother Tudan (“Duden”) against Dmitry. Vladimir and Moscow were looted, and the villages around them were ravaged (a separate detachment led by Tokhta-Timur (Takhtamir) looted the lands of Tver belonging to Dmitry’s ally, Mikhail Yaroslavich ). Andrew established himself in the Grand Duchy, Dmitry fled to Pskov, but soon returned to Tver, where he died in 1294 .
In 1301, Andrei commanded a united squad of Novgorodians and Karelians, led by a Valite in a campaign on the Neva , as a result of which the Swedish stone-wooden fortress Landskrona with eight towers, built by the Swedes a year earlier with the assistance of Italian fortifiers, was taken and torn down at the mouth of the Neva . In the same year he participated in the Dmitrov Congress of Russian Princes .
He was buried in Gorodets in the church of Michael the Archangel.
In the words of the historian N. M. Karamzin , "None of the princes of the Monomakhov family did more evil to the Fatherland than this unworthy son of Nevsky."
Family
The prince married in 1294 Vasilisa - daughter of the Rostov prince Dmitry Borisovich .
Sons:
- Boris (died February 25, 1303) is the prince of Kostroma [5] .
- Michael (died 1311) [6] [7]
- Yuri [8]
Notes
- ↑ Egorov V.L. The historical geography of the Golden Horde in the XIII – XIV centuries .. - Moscow, 1985. - S. 194.
- ↑ Erantsev A.N. The struggle of Prince Andrei Gorodetsky for power in Vladimir-Suzdal Rus at the end of XIII– early XIV centuries // Gorodets readings. Gorodets, March 20-23, 2000 . Volzhsky intersection (November 27, 2007).
- ↑ 1 2 All monarchs of the world. Russia. 600 short biographies. Konstantin Ryzhov. M. , 1999
- ↑ Novgorod first annals of senior and junior editions. - M. - L .: "Publishing House of the USSR Academy of Sciences", 1950. - 659 p. // "Izbornik". History of Ukraine IX — XVIII
- ↑ Instance A.V. Great and specific princes of Northern Russia in the Tatar period. SPb. , 1889, T. 1, S. 53, note. 138, p. 58; SPb. 1891, T. 2, p. 268.
- ↑ PSRL . SPb. 1851, T, 5, S. 204; Pg , 1915, T. 4, Part 1, Issue. 1, p. 253.
- ↑ Solovyov, S. M. The History of Russia from Ancient Times / S. M. Solovyov. - 2nd ed. - SPb. : Comrade. "The public good", 1851-1879. - T. 3-4, Prince. 2. - S. 225—226.
- ↑ Andrei III Alexandrovich
Links
- Andrei Alexandrovich, Prince of Gorodets and Kostroma // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Andrei Alexandrovich (son of Alexander Nevsky) // Russian Biographical Dictionary : in 25 volumes. - SPb. - M. , 1896-1918.
- Andrey Alexandrovich . On the Chronos website .