The outskirts

The village of Raznezhye is located on the left bank of the Volga River, on the banks of the canal (Volozhka), 6 km from the village of Mikhailovskoye . The district center can be reached only by the ferry crossing Mikhailovskoye - Fokino .

According to the Suzdal annals in 1372 there is a mention of the first settlement - Raznezhye on the Vorotynsky land.

After the death in 1389 of the Grand Duke of Moscow Dmitry Ivanovich Donskoy, his son Vasily Dmitrievich became the ruler of the state. Acting by all available means, he led an active policy of joining the ancestral Russian lands to the Moscow principality. So in 1392, he bought in Horde from Tokhtamysh the right to the grand-ducal table of the Principality of Nizhny Novgorod. Local boyars lost their former privileges and were forced to look for sources of subsistence. So Semen Raznezhsky mortgaged his estate, including land, water and land on board for 20 rubles. silver to the archimandrite of the Nizhny Novgorod Annunciation Monastery Malachi until Palm Sunday next year. In case of non-payment of the debt on time, the Raznezh lands permanently passed into the monastic possession. Obviously, the prince did not manage to find money for the ransom, although he stipulated in the contract that if he did not pay the debt, the Raznezh land and water would be listed as a contribution for commemoration on February 3 of each year with his clan. So the ancient record of the monastery synodik (preserved in the original) not only clarifies the full name of the first land owner on the left bank of the Volga - Semen Stepanov, son of Raznezhsky, but also the composition of one of the oldest genera of Nizhny Novgorod.

The next two centuries did not bring the Blagoveshchensk monastery a special income from the estate of Raznezh. These lands turned out to be defenseless against constant threats from the east from the side of the Kazan Khanate. So in 1439, a detachment of Ulu-Muhammad burned the Makaryev-Zheltovodsky monastery , passing up the Volga just through Raznezhye. After that, the Volga region has been neglected for centuries. The authorities of the Annunciation Monastery began to pay to the treasury for Raznezhsky possessions only 50 kopecks per year.

According to the Nizhny Novgorod annals, "in May 1469, the ship's army of the Nizhny Novgorod governor I. D. Runa spent the night marching to Kazan" camped in Raznezhye.

After the end of the Troubles of the beginning of the XVII century, in the relatively peaceful conditions of life of the Volga region, life here began to gradually revive.

Very valuable historical and geographical information is contained in the monastic records of the estates: “The Annunciation Monastery is the fiefdom of the village of Raznezhye, which was settled again after the scribe books ( 1621 - 1624 ) from the Volga River up the Roznezhskaya backwater, from the mouth on the right side, on the board Roznezhsky passages and from the Volga river, between the Talbochanovka and Orlovka rivers, and Stroek and Babka then. ”

In the 30s of the XVII century. a wooden tent - roofed Annunciation Church was erected, in its sacristy there were not only tin vessels usual for rural churches, but also silver chalice and discos .

In the middle of the XVII century, among the villagers appeared and bean , who did not have arable land and engaged exclusively in craft and trade.

In 1651, the ore explorer Lyskivsk Fedor Beaver near Raznezhye identified industrial swamp ore deposits . It was reported to Moscow that

The owner of the Lysk lands, the boyar B. I. Morozov, instructed his Nizhny Novgorod clerk P. Vnukov to immediately buy the ore places from the authorities of the Annunciation Monastery. However, the latter realized the benefits of ore mining, so they sent to the Nizhny Novgorod smith Andrei Pavlov, who established local iron smelting. He became the ancestor of local mining in the XVII century. The main thing in the life of the peasants and the wildernesses of Raznezhya nevertheless remained the work on the Volga and the maintenance of its shipping. Visitors to the merchants sold timber and small ships, tar and linen canvas, iron in bars and forged ship brackets.

At the end of the 17th century, Raznezhye, with repairs and villages attributed to it, became one of the largest patrimonial estates of the metropolitan patriarchal home, since from the 14th century the Nizhny Novgorod Annunciation Monastery was the home of the Moscow metropolitans, and since the establishment of the patriarchate in Russia ( 1589 ) - the home of the patriarch’s monastery , regularly receiving support from Moscow and letters of appreciation with privileges.

The Petrine era, with its wars and all kinds of “hardships” for ordinary people, brought serious damage to the economy of the Outskirts.

In 1700 , when Peter I forbade the election of the deceased new patriarch, the village lost its patron. The vast possessions of the Nizhny Novgorod Annunciation Monastery, including Raznezhye, turned out to be under state control. Every year, peasants were taken away for community service: for cutting forests for the construction of the fleet, for the construction of the new capital of St. Petersburg, the strongest and youngest men were taken into recruits. Various taxes and extraordinary requisitions grew annually: hiring a Yamskiy cart for transporting troops, artillery and provisions, for buying horses and saddles, in “shipbuilding”, etc.

The farm of the Outskirts at the beginning of the XVIII century experienced a marked decline for another reason. In 1700, Peter I granted Admiral F.A. Golovin the right-bank Barminsky volost . Barmintsy, using the patronage of the count, arbitrarily drove into the forests of Raznezhye, cut down forests, devasted the sides, captured haymaking and mowing, fishing and beaver rutting.

In 1764, the lands belonging to the Annunciation Monastery were assigned to the treasury, and Raznezhye was subordinated to the College of Economy. Then in the village there were 376 men and 403 women. The village became the center of a special Raznezh volost, which in 1779 became part of the Vasilsur district . Under state administration, the life of local peasants became much easier, which immediately affected the growth of the population.

Until the 20th century, Ozhnezhye remained a major fishing center of the Volga region, focusing on the life of the Volga . Drill timber was taken out of here, carpenters from Raznezhya annually went to work in the shipyard, just like in pilots, water divers, and generally shipbuilders of various specialties.

In the XXI century, the village, which has passed through the centuries of its history through a very difficult path, is going through far from good times. The most serious blow to the household structure of the Different lands was caused by the rise of water in the Cheboksary reservoir. Flood meadows have gone under the Volga waters, pastures for cattle have disappeared. The restructuring that began in the mid- 1980s led to the disappearance of forestry.

Church

The church was founded in 1312 (before the first record of the village?) By the people of Raznezhya. The priest lives through a house on the same street next to the church. The church is located across the road from the Fire Station and the Malinka store. It is believed that the church stands in the very center of the village. Historically, the church was located on the edge of the village, next to it was a cemetery, which is reflected on the map of Mende. A little far from the church is a household goods store, and in front of it is a monument to the heroes of the war of 1941-1945 . Next are the so-called "Sands" where people bathe. There are no stones or other dangerous objects. According to the Suzdal annals in 1372 there is a mention of the first settlement - Raznezhye on the Vorotynsky land. A hundred years later, the Nizhny Novgorod chronicle confirms, "in May 1469, the ship's army of the Nizhny Novgorod governor I. D. Runa spent the night marching to Kazan" camped in Raznezhie

Near the village there are recreation centers "Zavod" (founded in 2007) and "Raznezhye" (2005).

• Official site of the Zavod tour base
• The official site of the tour base "Raznezhie"