Information systems for urban planning

ISCAS are created on the basis of the State Urban Cadastre (GGK) . According to clause 1 of Article 5 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2004 No. 191-ФЗ ^[2] “On the enactment of the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation” (as amended), in order to create ISCT, the GGK information in the amount necessary for conducting ISCG, to be transferred to the local governments of urban districts, local governments of municipal districts up to July 1, 2006.

Maintaining GGK was regulated by the following regulations:

• head XI of the “old” Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation of May 7, 1998 No. 73-FZ ^[3] ;
• Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 29, 1998 No. 856 “On maintaining the state urban planning cadastre and monitoring objects of urban planning activities in the Russian Federation” ^[4] ;
• set of rules SP 14-101-96 Approximate provision on the service of the urban planning cadastre of the Russian Federation, city, district (October 28, 1996) ^[5] ;
• SNiP 14-01-96 Basic provisions for the creation and maintenance of the state urban planning cadastre of the Russian Federation (Decree of the Ministry of Construction of Russia of October 28, 1996 No. 18-75) ^[6] ;
• clause 2.22 of the Instruction on the procedure for the development, coordination, examination and approval of urban planning documentation (approved by order of the RF Gosstroy of October 29, 2002 No. 150 ^[7] ).

Currently, there are several approaches to understanding the term ISCAS.

• As a legal term, the “information system for supporting urban planning (ISCAS)” is understood as a system defined by the “new” Urban Planning Code ^[1] , that is, a system that is maintained only by urban districts and municipal districts, in the amount of information taken into account in the system prescribed by the Code, with the execution of the minimum (no more than prescribed) set of functions for maintaining the system.
• According to the semantic content (as a non-legal term), the "information system for supporting urban planning activity" can be understood as any information system maintained by a particular participant in urban planning activities and which provides the participant in urban planning activities with the necessary information to carry out urban planning activities .

In the narrow sense, ISCAS is a system containing information about town planning documents, that is, a “card file” in which such information is stored. The narrow approach is based on the literal interpretation of the Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 9, 2006 No. 363 “On Information Support for Urban Planning Activities” ^[8] , which defined ISCAS as a systematic set of approved urban planning documents and established the requirements for the composition of ISCAS information resources. Such card-systems, designed exclusively for providing accounting and registration of urban planning documentation, are called “ ISCAS-363 ” ^[9] . Such systems can be implemented in the form of automated information systems or information systems maintained using paper books for recording and recording information.

At the same time, the list of actual functional requirements for ISCAS, imposed by employees of state authorities and local governments authorized in the field of architecture and urban planning , is much wider than the list of requirements provided for by the regulatory framework of the Russian Federation.

In a broad sense, ISCAS is a metasystem (system of systems) ^[10] , which provides information support for a wide variety of life support and development processes of the city.

Legal basis for conducting ISCAS at the level of federal legislation:

• Urban Development Code of the Russian Federation (Chapter 7. Information Support for Urban Planning ^[1] );
• Clause 15 of Article 15, clause 26 of Article 16 of the Federal Law of 06.10.2003 No. 131-ФЗ “On the General Principles of the Organization of Local Self-Government in the Russian Federation” ^[11] ;
• Federal Law of 27.07.2006 No. 149-ФЗ “ On Information, Information Technologies and on Protection of Information ”
• Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 09.06.2006 No. 363 “On the Information Support of Urban Planning Activities” ^[8] ;
• Paragraph 3 of clause 6 of the Regulations on the implementation of engineering surveys for the preparation of project documentation, construction, reconstruction, overhaul of capital construction objects (approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 20 of January 1, 2006, as amended) ^[12] ;
• Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of 12 May 2014 No. 487 “On approval of the federal state educational standard of secondary vocational education in the specialty 21.02.06 Information Systems for Urban Planning” (with amendments) ^[13] ;
• Order of the Ministry of Regional Development of the Russian Federation of 30.08.2007 No. 85 “On approval of documents on the management of an information system to support urban planning activities” ^[14] ;
• Order of the Ministry of Regional Development of the Russian Federation of 30.08.2007 No. 86 “On Approval of the Procedure for Inventory and Transfer of Information about Documents and Materials for the Development of Territories and Other Information Necessary for Town Planning Activities contained in Documents Received by Government Authorities local government " ^[15] ;
• Order of the Ministry of Economic Development dated February 26, 2007 No. 57 “On approval of the methodology for determining the amount of payment for the provision of information contained in the information system for supporting urban planning” ^[16] .

The purpose of conducting ISCAS municipal districts, urban districts is to provide public authorities , local authorities , individuals and legal entities with relevant and reliable information necessary for the implementation of urban planning, investment and other economic activities , land management .

Main sections of ISCAS

According to Parts 5 and 6 of the Regulation on Information Support for Urban Planning Activities, approved by Resolution No. 363 of the Government of the Russian Federation dated June 9, 2006 ^[8] ISCAS includes the following main sections :

• Section I - Territorial Planning Documents of the Russian Federation in the part concerning the territory of municipalities ;
• Section II - Territorial planning documents of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation with regard to the territory of municipalities ;
• Section III - Territorial planning documents of municipalities and materials on their justification;
• Section IV - Land use and development rules, making changes to them;
• Section V - Planning documentation for the territory of the municipality;
• Section VI - Study of natural and man-made conditions;
• Section VII - Seizure and reservation of land for state and municipal needs;
• Section VIII - Land plots built and subject to construction;
• Section IX - Geodetic and topographic materials .

Almost immediately after the adoption of the “new” Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation in 2004, it became clear to the expert community that in order to effectively manage the development of the territories of cities and regions, regional and federal information systems in the field of urban planning are needed.

Currently, the Urban Development Code of the Russian Federation provides for the maintenance of information systems to support urban planning activities only at two management levels:

• at the federal level - in the form of the Federal State Territorial Planning Information System (FGIS TP) (according to Article 57.1 of the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation ^[1] );
• at the level of urban districts and municipal districts, which are required to maintain ISCAS (in accordance with paragraph 1 of Article 57 of the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation ^[1] and Federal Law No. 131-ФЗ on local government ^[11] ).

Nevertheless, information support of urban planning activity can also be carried out at the following levels of management:

• at the regional level - in regional urban information systems that are governed by regional laws and regulations;
• at the level of urban and rural settlements authorized to perform functions in the field of urban planning, in the event of the adoption of regional or municipal regulations authorizing urban or rural settlements to conduct ISCGD;
• at the level of legal entities and individuals who are participants in urban planning activities and who decide to create and maintain their information systems that help them carry out urban planning activities.

Federal level of ISCAS

The “New” Urban Planning Code adopted in 2004 to 2011 excluded ISCSD at the federal level and imposed ISCGD only at the municipal level (namely, at the level of urban districts and municipalities).

The amendment to the Town Planning Code of March 20, 2011 ^[17] introduced a new article No. 57.1, which defines the Federal State Territorial Planning Information System (FGIS TP) .

The operator of FGIS TP is the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation (from December 26, 2014 to the present).

Regional level of conduct of ISCAS

The widespread maintenance of regional ISCAS at the present time is not provided for by the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation. However, this does not restrict the subjects of the Russian Federation to independently adopt regulations governing the creation and maintenance of ISCAS at the regional level.

According to clause 4 of the List of model software and technical solutions in the field of regional informatization, to be developed as part of the federal target program “Electronic Russia (2002–2010)” for 2008, approved by order of the Ministry of Information Technology and Communications of the Russian Federation of March 24, 2008 No. 34 ^[18] , the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia was instructed to create a typical software and technical solution for regional informatization: “Information system for supporting urban planning”.

According to clause 22 of the order of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 27, 2012 No. 2564-p ^[19] “On the action plan for the implementation of the Strategy for Social and Economic Development of the Central Federal District for the Period up to 2020” (with amendments and additions), interested executive bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation (members of the Central Federal District) must, by 2020, inclusively annually (in the fourth quarter) send to the Ministry of Construction of Russia legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and a report on the “Implementation of Information Systems for Urban Planning activities in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation that are part of the Central Federal District. ”

Regions that lead IISTA at the regional level:

• Belgorod region;
• Volgograd region (Regional information system for territorial planning and development of the Volgograd region);
• Kaliningrad region;
• Kaluga Region (Regional Complex of Urban Planning for Kaluga Region);
• Moscow Region (Resolution of the Government of the Moscow Region dated December 30, 2014 No. 1200/52 ^[20] “On the management of the information system for the urban planning activities of the Moscow Region”);
• Orenburg Region (Regional Automated Information System for the Urban Planning Activity of the Orenburg Region);
• Tyumen region;
• Yaroslavl Region (Law of the Yaroslavl Region dated October 11, 2006 No. 66-з ^[21] “On Urban Planning Activities in the Territory of the Yaroslavl Region” (as amended) - article 15. Information data bank of urban planning activities in the Yaroslavl Region);
• some others.

Paragraph 88 of the draft law-making activity of the Government of the Russian Federation for 2013 provided for the preparation of a draft law “On Amendments to the Urban Planning Code of the Russian Federation (in terms of creating regional information systems to support urban planning activities)”.

Maintaining ISCAS for legal entities and individuals

Legal entities (commercial, scientific, public organizations, design, survey, construction and other organizations) and individuals are participants in urban planning. The current edition of the Urban Planning Code does not regulate, but does not restrict legal entities and individuals to create and maintain their information systems that help them carry out urban planning activities.

In particular, such urban development information systems that legal entities and individuals can independently manage include modern class BIM systems (Building Information Modeling or Building Information Model) - building information modeling .

Information of ISCAS is open and publicly available, with the exception of information classified as restricted by federal laws. The authority leading ISTRG is obliged to provide information from the system at the request of state authorities , local governments , individuals and legal entities .

The provision of ISCAS data is free of charge or for a fee. The maximum fee for the provision of information is established by the Government of the Russian Federation and is ^[16] :

• for providing information contained in one section of ISCAS (urban district, municipal district) - 1 000 rubles;
• for providing a copy of one document contained in ISCAS (urban district, municipal district) - 100 rubles.

The main users of the ISCAS data are:

• Public authorities ;
• Heads of municipalities , representative bodies of local self-government , administrations of municipalities have access to the information necessary for the exercise of their powers;
• The organs of architecture and urban planning of municipal districts and urban districts - lead and update the information in the system and monitor the current state of urban planning activities;
• Legal entities and individuals - investors and developers . They have access to information necessary for assessing the investment attractiveness of the territory and making decisions about development and the possibility of using free land plots .
• Residents of the municipality need access to documents on the development of the territory, to information of particular social importance, in order to exercise and protect their constitutional rights and freedoms , including the implementation of individual residential construction, registration of rights to land and capital construction .

Automated information systems for urban development (AISOGD) can be developed and implemented:

• or (as in most cases) on a contractual basis with the assistance of information systems development companies and system integrators;
• either independently by the ISCRD operators - by the municipalities or their subordinate organizations (such as, for example, the automated GGC — ISCASD systems of the city of Moscow were developed and implemented independently by the Urban Cadastre Service of the City of Moscow — IAC KI).

• Cadastre
• Cadastral number
• Land Registry
• BIM (Building Information Modeling or Building Information Model) - Building Information Modeling

• Beregovskikh, A. N. Proposals for Amendments to the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation. The goal is to create a three-tier information system to ensure urban development - http://www.gisa.ru/57060.html?searchstring=Three-level __IOGD
• Beregovskikh A.N. Information support of town-planning activity in Russia. Proposals to bring ISCAS to a three-level view // Territory Development Management. - 2009. - № 2 - http://www.gisa.ru/55235.html?searchstring=ISOGD
• Beregovskikh A.N. Informational and Analytical Systems for Managing the Urban Development of the Territory http://www.itpgrad.ru/index.php/article/50-2009-03-19-05-42-21?template=beez
• Tararin A.M., Karandeeva M.V., Sukhareva O.A. Informational support of town-planning activity: study guide - http://www.nngasu.ru/gis/files/up_isogd.pdf
• Reinforced concrete FGIS - https://web.archive.org/web/20110714023919/http://rospil.info/corruption-case/949
• Information Resources of Russia - About ISCAS http://www.aselibrary.ru/digital_resources/journal/irr/2006/number_4/number_4_4/number_4_4469/
• M. Zaleshina. Information Technologies in Urban Planning: Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow - http://terraplan.ru/arhiv/57-3-33-2011/986-664.html
• Gorobtsov Sergey Romanovich INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR MAINTENANCE OF URBAN CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY AS A TOOL TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES IN ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT // INTEREXPO GEO-SIBERIA. 2013 (Neopr.)
• Olga Solovyova, Julia Y. Solovyeva PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF ESTABLISHING THE INFORMATION SYSTEM OF URBAN BUILDING ACTIVITIES // INTEREXPO GEO-SIBIR. 2013 (Neopr.)
• Gachenko, A.S., Ruzhnikov, G.M., Fereferov, E.S., Khmelnov, A.E. MUNICIPAL INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR ENSURING CITY CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES, ZhVT. 2008 (Neopr.) .
• Kreimer MA. ANTHROPIC PRINCIPLE IN CREATING THE INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR URBAN CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES // INTEREXPO GEO-SIBIR. 2010 (Undeclared) .
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• Zherlitsa S. A. Information systems for urban planning: a current state and possible ways of development // All-Russian Journal of Scientific Publications. 2011 (Undec.) .
• Butaeva Elena Mikhailovna TOWN-PLANNING DOCTRINE OF RUSSIA SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY // Gaps in Russian legislation. 2009 (Neopr.) .