Cherkizovo (Molzhaninovsky district)

The village received its name from the name of the Horde prince Serkiz , who came to Russia in the middle of the XIV century . His son Andrew died on the Kulikovo Field bravely, fighting against Mamai's troops ^[2] .

In the area of ​​the future village of Cherkizovo in the XII century there was a portage between the Skhodnya (Rising) and Klyazma rivers ^{[4] [5] [6]} .

Under Vasily III, the Cherkizovo settlement belonged to Pyotr Yakovlevich Zakhar'in ^[2] , and from him passed on to the Grand Duke , who granted this possession to his son Yuri , brother of Ivan the Terrible . In 1560, after the death of Yuri Vasilyevich, Ivan Vasilyevich annexed most of the possession of Yuri to the palace lands of the Russian state.

... during the childhood and youth of Theodore and his older brother John , it is clear that Tsar John Vasilyevich took them with him on country trips, for example, in 1564 to the Moscow region village of Cherkizovo for a bear hunt : “and led across the island to misfire and mischief and bear and he didn’t take it one day. ”

- Theodore Ioannovich // Russian biographical dictionary : in 25 volumes. - SPb. - M. , 1896-1918.

In 1572, these lands were transferred to the king by the eldest son Ivan.

The village was first mentioned in the will of Ivan IV in the 16th century as the possession of P. Ya. Zakharyin ^[2] .

According to the data of 1584, in the village there was a wooden church of the Nativity of Christ, a large farm and three ponds in which carp was bred ^[2] for sale to residents of Moscow.

Cherkizovo for a long time belonged to the palace department and was the center of a large palace volost ( Cherkizovo parish ). In the Time of Troubles, a huge palace patrimony completely depopulated. In 1631 there was a wooden church, 4 yards of the monastery and 23 peasant and bobyl yards . Signs of the desolation of the sovereign patrimony remained in 1646, when the remaining more than three thousand dessiatines remained in the “living” only the village of Cherkizovo and the village of Ischeva, in which only 33 peasant and 4 bobylskie courtyards with a total population of 82 people were recorded ( at that time, only the male population was taken into account). By 1681, the number of yards increased to 35 ^[2] .

In 1689, a village in 57 courtyards was presented to boyar L. K. Naryshkin , uncle of Peter I ^[2] , while the patrimony of Cherkizovo was divided between two camps .

In 1732, Ivan Lvovich Naryshkin became the owner, who transferred the estate to his daughter Ekaterina, who married KG Razumovsky ^[2] .

After the death of Catherine, the village was taken over by her son, Count L. K. Razumovsky , who ordered the construction of a stone church here ^[2] .

During the Patriotic War of 1812, the village was completely looted by the French . But the village was quickly revived. The peasants Cherkizovo participated in the construction of the Petersburg highway in 1817 - 1834 , which passed through the village. Most of the peasants moved closer to the highway, and the old part of the village was named Old Cherkizovo ^[2] .

In 1818, the village passed to Earl S. Uvarov , a well-known statesman, president of the Academy of Sciences . When he was in the village manor was arranged ^[2] .

23 versts , from Moscow, “the village of Count S. S. Uvarov with a beautiful stone church and neat houses showing contentment and order. Up to 600 souls of peasants belong to the village. ”

- “Travel Guide from Moscow to St. Petersburg and back,” 1847.

By 1861, there were 45 courtyards in the village, in which 318 people lived. After the reform, the peasants received all the land that they used before. The fish was allowed to catch both the landowner and the locals. The abolition of serfdom accelerated the development of crafts: women were engaged in sewing gloves, unwinding paper for factories, while men were looking for earnings in the city ^[2] .

After the reforms of 1861 in the empire, the village became part of the newly formed Cherkizovo parish, which united more than 50 settlements adjacent to the St. Petersburg highway, regardless of their previous ownership, and became its center in the village a volost administration was formed.

In 1874, the Cherkizov Zemstvo School was opened, in which children from 11 neighboring villages and villages were trained. Slightly less than half of the population knew the letter ^[2] .

In Cherkizovo parish, for lack of anything, to cultivate the fields, they do poorly; live on the side in the carters ; craft industry in Moscow; most of the villages in this volost have developed handicraft furniture production .

- Reference book of the Moscow province of 1890.

During the Time of Troubles, 1905-1907, peasant meetings and unrest occurred repeatedly in the Cherkizovo parish.

By 1914, Cherkizov had grown to 66 yards and 430 inhabitants, in the village there was a Zemsky veterinary clinic, the director of which was Emily Ivanovich Gauenstein. For several years he organized a drama club and a reading room library in the courtyard of the hospital ^[2] .

To serve passing travelers (the highway passed through the village) in the village there were two tea rooms, two petty-vegetable and one state-owned wine shop. The population, by the beginning of the First World War, was 430 people.

After the February Revolution (coup), the parish, which included Cherkizovo, became known as Skhodnenskaya, and in 1918 Ulyanovsk. On December 30, 1917, a volost congress was convened in the village, which elected the volost Soviet of Workers', Peasants' and Soldiers' Deputies and the executive committee (executive committee) of this Soviet. The executive committee confiscated landlord estates, so from November 1917 until February 1918, 45 estates were confiscated from former owners in favor of the people in the Skhodnensky volost created. In 1927, there were 79 courtyards in Cherkizov and 421 people who worked in factories, engaged in crafts and rented houses for summer cottages. In 1924 the “Red Plowman” credit partnership was formed, which included more than 200 people. In Cherkizovo there was a veterinary center, a reading room , a library, a shop of a credit partnership, a voluntary fire brigade worked, a church operated ^[2] .

After the organization of the collective farm "Path of Stalin" in the village, the local church was closed.

During the Great Patriotic War, the front was located next to Cherkizovo. Not far from the village there were anti-tank and anti-personnel barriers, as well as a continuous line of barbed-wire barriers under tension. In early December 1941, units of the 20th Army of the Western Front , which were stationed in the village, launched a counter-offensive and liberated the regional centers of Krasnaya Polyana and Solnechnogorsk ^[2] .

After the war, electricity appeared in Cherkizovo, the local collective farm “Stalin’s Way” became part of the large “Path to Communism” state farm . Later Cherkizovo became part of the working village Novopodrezkovo , later a urban-type settlement, and in 1984 Cherkizovo became part of Moscow ^[2] . After entering the Leningradsky district, all its streets, driveways and lanes were abolished or renamed on February 6, 1986 ^[7] .

At the moment, the territory of the former village is included in the Cherkizovsky microdistrict of the Molzhaninovsky district of the Northern Administrative District In the microdistrict on Leningradskoye shosse, there are two public transport stops “Cherkizovo”, they are stopped by buses in Moscow and the Moscow region, routes No. 13, No. 30, No. 283, No. 350 No. 400, No. 440, No. 465, No. 484, No. 817, No. 851, No. 865.

In the course of construction (did not take place) of the economy class microdistrict, according to the project of building a land plot of 76.5 hectares on the territory of the Molzhaninovsky district, the company Inteko, which was planned to be completed in 2014, was supposed to abolish the village of Cherkizovo ^[8] .

At the time of entering the hero-city in the village there were the following streets and dead ends (abolished, February 6, 1986):

• Church of the Nativity in Cherkizovo

• The decision of the Moscow City Council of People's Deputies of February 6, 1986 No. 261 "On the abolition of the names and the assignment of new names to the streets in the settlements included in the Leningrad district of Moscow"
• Names of Moscow streets . Toponymic dictionary / R. A. Ageeva, G. P. Bondaruk, E. M. Pospelov, and others; auth. foreword E.M. Pospelov. - M .: OGI, 2007. - (Moscow Library). - ISBN 5-94282-432-0 .
• Law of the city of Moscow No. 59, dated October 15, 2003, "On the names and boundaries of intracity municipalities in the city of Moscow."

• History Molzhaninovskogo area.
• Site Khimki.org, Novodmitrovka A residential microdistrict will appear near Sheremetyevo airport.
• Cherkizovo village.