Polythiazyl ( polymer sulfur nitride ) is a polymer , a compound of sulfur and nitrogen, which has a color from golden to bronze, blue in thin layers [1] [2] .
Polythiazyl | |
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General | |
| Chem. formula | (SN) x |
Physical properties | |
| condition | Bronze color, metallic luster |
Thermal properties | |
| T. sub. | In vacuum: 135 ℃ |
| T. decomp. | In the air: 240 ℃ |
Structure | |
| Crystal structure | almost flat chain polymer |
Classification | |
| CAS Number | |
| Data is provided for standard conditions (25 ℃, 100 kPa) , unless otherwise indicated. | |
The compound was obtained for the first time in 1910 by polymerization of crystalline disyter dinitride (S 2 N 2 ) at room temperature [1] [3] .
Content
- 1 Properties
- 2 Getting
- 3 Use
- 4 notes
- 5 Literature
Properties
Polythiazyl, being an inorganic polymer , is a conductor of electricity [1] . In 1975, as a result of cooling to extremely low temperatures (below 0.26 K), the superconducting properties of the polymer were discovered [4] [5] .
When heated in air, it decomposes with an explosion at a temperature of ~ 240 ° C; in vacuum, it easily sublimates at a temperature of ~ 135 ° C [1] .
Insoluble in water and organic solvents, slowly decomposes under the influence of alkalis [2] .
Getting
Polythiazyl is synthesized due to the thermal polymerization of a dimer - much less stable than polythiazyl [1] - disye dinitride (S 2 N 2 ), which, in turn, can be obtained from the cyclic tetramer tetranitride tetraserides (S 4 N 4 ). The transition from a cyclic tetramer to a dimer is possible due to the use of heated silver in the form of “cotton wool” as a catalyst [7] .
- S 4 N 4 + 8 Ag → 4 Ag 2 S + 2 N 2
- S 4 N 4 (Ag 2 S catalyst) → 2 S 2 N 2 (at 77 K) → S 2 N 2
- S 2 N 2 (at 0 ° C, sublimates on the surface) → thermal polymerization → (SN) x
- S 4 N 4 (Ag 2 S catalyst) → 2 S 2 N 2 (at 77 K) → S 2 N 2
The above reactions were well studied and showed that the starting materials, along with the intermediate ones, are very sensitive to the reaction conditions in which they are carried out [1] .
Usage
Due to its ability to conduct electric current, polythiazyl is used in LEDs , transistors , cathodes of batteries, photocells [7] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 N.N. Greenwood, A. Earnshaw, 1997 , p. 727.
- ↑ 1 2 Turova, 1997 , p. 21.
- ↑ Burt Frank Playfair. XCIX. — A new sulphide of nitrogen // Journal of the Chemical Society, Transactions. - 1910. - Vol. 97. - P. 1171. - ISSN 0368-1645 . - DOI : 10.1039 / CT9109701171 .
- ↑ Labes MM , Love P. , Nichols LF Polysulfur nitride - a metallic, superconducting polymer // Chemical Reviews. - 1979. - February ( t. 79 , No. 1 ). - S. 1-15 . - ISSN 0009-2665 . - DOI : 10.1021 / cr60317a002 .
- ↑ Harry R. Allcock. Introduction to Materials Chemistry . - John Wiley & Sons, 2011 .-- S. 131. - ISBN 978-1-118-21098-7 .
- ↑ Okada Mayumi , Tanaka Kazuyoshi , Takata Akira , Yamabe Tokio. Examination of electronic phase of the Hartree-Fock solution of an isolated polythiazyl chain // Synthetic Metals. - 1993. - July ( t. 59 , No. 2 ). - S. 223-230 . - ISSN 0379-6779 . - DOI : 10.1016 / 0379-6779 (93) 91029-2 .
- ↑ 1 2 Ronald D. Archer. Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers . - John Wiley & Sons, 2001 .-- S. 213. - ISBN 978-0-471-24187-4 .
Literature
- N.N. Greenwood, A. Earnshaw. Elemental Chemistry = Chemistry of the Elements. - 2nd ed. - Butterworth-Heinemann, 1997 .-- ISBN 0080379419 .
- Turova N. Ya. Inorganic chemistry in tables. - M .: Higher Chemical College of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1997. - 115 p.