Fine arts ( fr. Les beaux arts , German. Feine Künste or schöne Künste ) is a generic term for such types of art as painting , sculpture , architecture and music . It was first established by Charles Bateau in the second half of the 18th century to genres and types of art, which from an aesthetic point of view were focused on creating beauty, in contrast to the decorative and applied arts . Traditionally, this concept is contrasted with the so-called: mechanical art, pleasant art and crafts (according to Immanuel Kant (KCC)).
In 1671, French Finance Minister Jean-Baptiste Colbert and architect Francois Blondel founded the Royal Academy of Architecture . In 1863, Napoleon III granted her independence from the state, and she merged with other academies, as a result of which the School of Fine Arts was formed .
The school focused on classical arts and architecture, so the curriculum included painting, sculpture and architecture. With the formation of the School, there was also a separation between architecture and practical construction craft - the latter was taught at the National School of Bridges and Roads , as well as at the Polytechnic School , which to this day remains one of the largest technical educational institutions in the world.