Spring is one of the four seasons , the transitional season between winter and summer .
The word has an ancient Indo-European basis and is akin to lit. vasarà - “summer”, Latvian. pavasaris , dr.-ind. vasantás - “spring”, vasar - “early” [1] .
Content
Astronomical Spring
The astronomical spring comes at the time of the spring equinox , March 20 (in the pre-season years of March 20 or 21) (in the northern hemisphere) and September 22 or 23 (in the southern hemisphere), and continues until the summer solstice , June 21 (in leap years 20 or 21 June) (in the northern hemisphere) and December 21 or 22 (in the southern hemisphere) (all dates are given according to universal time ; in other time zones they may differ by 1 day).
It was believed among the Slavs that “spring from the Annunciation to the Bathhouse ” [2] . The Annunciation was the last post-spring holiday [3] , since on this day “spring overcame winter” [4] .
In ancient Easter eggs, spring was described as follows:
Spring will shine like a virgin adorned with beauty and kindness, radiantly wonderful and most glorious, like everyone who sees her kindness, loved by God and sweet to everyone, born fear of every animal in her joy and joy fulfilled. Sitseva is spring.
Calendar Spring
Consists of three months: in the Northern Hemisphere - March , April and May , in the Southern - September , October and November .
Spring is a transitional season, when there is a noticeable increase in daylight, the ambient temperature rises and the natural activity of living creatures and plants is activated.
Climate Spring
In Russia, the meteorological spring is considered to have come when the average daily temperature begins to exceed 0 degrees Celsius.
In the southern regions of Russia, spring merges with autumn (subtropical climate, there is no climatic winter). In central Russia, spring is beginning climatically on average at the end of March. In most parts of Russia, March is climatically a winter month. In regions with a cold climate, spring also merges with autumn (there is no climatic summer, a subarctic climate).
Phenological Spring
Phenological spring on the territory of Russia is usually associated with the "awakening of nature": the beginning of the growing season, the arrival of migratory birds, and the release of hibernation of animals.
As phenological signs of the beginning and end of spring, various authors propose various annually recurring natural phenomena. Thus, it is proposed to count the onset of spring from the beginning of snow melting from the sun, the appearance of the first gaps in the fields, the appearance of icicles on the roofs of unheated premises, the appearance of the first non-freezing streams at night, and the resumption of the growing season of plants or certain types of them [5] .
There are no common signs of phenological spring due to the large natural diversity of the regions: for example, it is obvious that spring is coming in areas where winter snow cover is not formed or there are no vascular plants. As a result, we can speak only about the phenological signs of the spring of a particular region or natural object.
Spring in culture
Music
Classic
- A. Vivaldi . Concert No. 1 from the cycle “ The Seasons ”: Part 1: Allegro , Part 2: Largo , Part 3: Allegro
- P. I. Tchaikovsky . Piano cycle "The Seasons": No. 3 March "Song of the Lark"; № 4 April "Snowdrop"; № 5 May "White Nights"
- E. Grieg Piano play "Spring"
- S.M. Maikapar . Piano play "Spring"
- S.V. Rachmaninov . Romance to verses by F. Tyutchev “Spring waters”, cantata “Spring”
- N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov . One of the heroes in the opera "The Snow Maiden"
Other
It smelled in spring, blizzards hang up
The owner is gray , open the gate,
It smelled in the spring
A familiar path, I'll be back home!
- " Cinema " - "Spring" (the album " This is not love ", 1985 )
- “ Vopli Vidoplyasov ” - “Spring” (album “Muzika”, 1997 )
Cinema
- Spring is a 1947 Soviet musical comedy.
- Spring on Zarechnaya Street is a Soviet feature film from 1956 .
Fine Art
- Spring (Botticelli painting)
- Spring (Plastova picture)
Poetry
- Spring in the forest (1956), Springtime ice (1931), March (1947), Ice drift (1916) - Boris Pasternak's poem
See also
- Spring (Botticelli painting)
- Spring (Plastova picture)
- Martisor
Notes
- ↑ Vasmer Max Etymological dictionary of the Russian language
- ↑ Chicherov, 1957 , p. 15.
- ↑ Corinthian, 1901 .
- ↑ Dahl, 1880–1882 .
- ↑ Seleznyov V.V. Phenology in beekeeping . Honey plants . The date of circulation is May 30, 2012. Archived June 24, 2012.
Literature
- Spring // Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language : 4 t./bot.-comp. V.I. Dahl . - 2nd ed. - SPb. : M.O. Wolf Typography, 1880–1882. - T. 1.
- Zabelin I. Ye. Home life of the Russian tsars in the XVI and XVII centuries. - M .: AST, AST Moscow, Transitbook, 2005. - p. 162. - 1136 p. - (Classic thought). - ISBN 5-9578-2773-8 .
- Petrov V.V. Spring in the life of the forest / USSR Academy of Sciences ; Ed. ed. Dr.Sc. N. P. Sokolova; Artist M. M. Babenkov . - M .: Science , 1981. - 144, [10] with. - ( Man and the environment ). (region)
- Corinthian A. A. The Tale of the Annunciation // Narodnaya Rus: Year-round tales, beliefs, customs and proverbs of the Russian people . - M .: Edition of the bookseller M. V. Klyukina, 1901. - p. 190-197.
- Chicherov V.I. The winter period of the Russian national agricultural calendar of the XVI-XIX centuries . - Moscow : Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1957. - 237 p.