Celestino Alfonso ( Spanish: Celestino Alfonso ; May 1, 1916 , Ituero de Asaba , Province of Salamanca , Spain - February 21, 1944 , Fort Mont-Valérien, France ) - Spanish communist, anti-fascist , volunteer- internationalist Spanish Civil War , a member of the French Resistance Movement during the Second World War. Member of the group of Misak Manoushyan .
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| Awards and prizes | dead for France |
Biography
In search of work in the early 1930s, he came to France. He worked as a carpenter. Since 1934 - member of the youth organization of the FKP . He was secretary of the party organization Ivry-sur-Seine .
In 1936 he volunteered to take part in the Spanish Civil War , was a fighter-machine gunner of international brigades . Later, in the rank of lieutenant. In 1937 he was wounded in his right hand, after the hospital, returned to the front and became a political commissar with the rank of captain.
In 1938, after the defeat of the Spanish Republic, together with his comrades in wrestling, he returned to France, he was interned in the concentration camp of Saint-Cyprien , from which he soon escaped.
In May 1942, he joined the Resistance movement , became a member of the immigrant group of the organization of French free-shooters and partisans (Francs-Tireurs et Partisans de la Main ďŒ uvre Immigrée, or FTP-MOI for short, FBSP MOI), which since August 1943 was headed by Michel Manouchean ( Misak Manukyan , 1906-1944).
He was arrested and taken to the Third Reich , where he escaped six months later. He returned to France, went to the illegal position and again became involved in the fighting operations of anti-fascists. Under the command of Manushyan, the group made a number of successful attacks on the German invaders, including the operation to eliminate the Commandant of Paris, General von Shamburg, who “distinguished himself” by mass executions, and Standarfenführer SS Julius Ritter, responsible for sending 600,000 civilians to forced labor in Germany.
In November 1943 he was again arrested, appeared before a military court with his comrades and was sentenced to death.
He was shot after a demonstration court, which went down in history under the name “L'Affiche Rouge”, on February 21, 1944 in the Fort Mont-Valérien fortress in the Paris suburb of Suren .
Photo Celestino Alfonso was placed on the so-called Red Poster , the famous propaganda poster, issued jointly by the German administration and the Vichy government in the spring of 1944 in occupied Paris to discredit the members of the Resistance from the Manushyan group.