Christmas Hava

Located on the right bank of the Khava River , 35 km from Voronezh . ^[2] Nearby locations: Plyasovo-Snezhkovo , Petropavlovka and Uspenskaya Khava .

Direct bus service to Voronezh , through Novaya Usman .

The climate is temperate continental. Rainfall ranges from 500 to 650 mm. The settlement is located in the forest-steppe zone. ^[3]

The first settlements on the territory of the village were in the Bronze Age , as evidenced by archaeological excavations. The village itself was founded in the first decade of the XVIII century . Named after the Nativity Church and its location on the river Have . At the same time, the villages of Barsuchya, Gerasimovka, Mironovka (right bank of Khava) and Aleksandrovka (left bank of Khava) formed near the village.

The village was located on the highway from the Khoper fortress to the fortress of Usman , due to which it developed rapidly. In 1810, the stone Intercession Church, built instead of the wooden church of the Nativity of Christ opened in 1710, was erected. ^[4] For a long time, the village was the center of the Christmas parish.

In 1859, there were 248 households in the village and 2787 inhabitants. In 1868, the Intercession Church was rebuilt and consecrated in the name of the Nativity of Christ.

The Voronezh Zemstvo in the autumn of 1894 financed the opening of a new, modernly equipped hospital. In 1897, the hospital was opened and was equipped with 10 beds and a delivery room with 4 beds. The hospital consisted of a stone U-shaped hospital building and a wooden building of the maternity ward. On March 6, 1899, the Voronezh governor allowed the hospital to be called “the name of the Sovereign Emperor,” so she was assigned the highest statute for a medical institution.

In 1900, 4,777 people lived in the village in 691 courtyards, there were 2 Zemstvo and parish schools, 2 oil mills, 7 brick factories, 4 carpentry and one shoemaker, 8 small shops, 2 taverns, 5 small hands, a wholesale wine warehouse, an inn and fair with a turnover of up to 30 thousand rubles ^[5] .

In 1904 a vocational school was opened for 4 classes. The school had two departments: carpentry-turning and metalwork and blacksmithing. When the school library was opened. In 1914, it was attended by 67 students, who were led by 12 teachers. The design of the school complex was developed by the famous Voronezh architect M. N. Zamyatnin . The same complex was opened in Boguchar .

As of January 1, 1905, 6,309 inhabitants lived in the village and there were 901 courtyards located. 93 boys and 21 girls were enrolled in the rural school. In the parish school - 20 boys and 17 girls. At school literacy - 34 boys and 8 girls. ^[6] In the same year, a credit partnership was created in the village, which in 1910 consisted of 1,581 members from 22 nearby localities. According to one of the versions, the building of the loan house was designed by the architect S. L. Myslovsky , who had a manor nearby.

On September 12, 1919, during the Civil War, the main part of the 4 Don Corps under the command of General Mamontov entered the village during a horse raid , which on September 15 gave the Red Cavalry Brigade in the area of ​​the village ^[7] .

In 1928, the Christmas-Khavsky district was created and the village became its center. In 1928, the village became a district center and until 1960 , when the Christmas-Khavsky district was incorporated into Novousmansky , it was actively developed. During this time, the administrative center of the village was formed. The population according to the 1959 census was 4,424 inhabitants. After the loss of status, the village began to degrade, which was especially noticeable after the collapse of the Soviet Union . In 2000, there were 2557 inhabitants in the village, in 2005 - 2548, ^[8] in 2007 - 2357 people. In 2008, gasification was carried out in the village. ^[9]

In the village there are 4 objects of cultural heritage - a monument to the regional category of protection. All of them are protected by the decision of the administration of the Voronezh region of April 18, 1994, No. 510 “On measures to preserve the historical and cultural heritage of the Voronezh region”. This list includes:

• Volost government building (beginning of XX century )
• School handicraft (5 buildings, 1905 )
• Loan House ( 1905 )
• Zemstvo School ( 1912 )
• Mass grave number 272 ( 1942 )

Also on the territory of Christmas Xava there are 5 objects of archaeological heritage - monuments of the regional category of protection.

• 1st settlement ( bronze age )
• Settlement 2nd ( Bronze Age )
• 3rd Settlement ( Bronze Age )
• Two single barrow.

The village has a secondary school ^[10] , a music school, a library, a house of culture, a church, a bank, a medical assistant, a village council, a post office, a sawmill, several food and hardware stores. ^[eleven]

• Bykovsky M.P.
• Dekhanov I.V.
• Askochensky G. T.
• Pegarkova K.I.
• Pylev V.S. ^[1]

• Krieger L.V. Rozhdestvensky-Khavskoe Rural Settlement // Novomansky Open spaces. From the past to the future / Ed. E. N. Buneeva. - Voronezh: Album Creative Association, 2008. - p. 38-41. - 80 s. - 2000 copies