Among the most common architectural styles in the development of Tomsk , Russian architecture (in wood), Siberian Baroque , Classicism and Art Nouveau (in wood and stone) stand out. In the XX century, the city was built up mainly of typical brick and panel houses, at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries it is built up with eclecticism.
The cities of Irkutsk , Krasnoyarsk and Barnaul can be called similar in architecture to Tomsk.
Content
Ancient wooden architecture
The first Tomsk prison was built on the southern cape of the Voskresenskaya mountain on September 27 ( October 7 ), 1604 .
Wood architecture
Wooden buildings still largely determine the architectural face of Tomsk; dozens of houses have remained in the city - wonderful monuments of wooden architecture:
on Belenza street
- 5
- D 7
on Belinsky Street
- d. 19 - the mansion of the architect S. V. Khomich [1]
- d. 72
on Vershinin Street
- d. 12
on Gagarin Street
- 42 - “House of the hunter”
on Dzerzhinsky Street
- d. 21
on Krasnoarmeyskaya Street
- 67, 67a - Ensemble of the houses of the merchant L. D. Zhelyabo, outbuilding in the courtyard of the ensemble was built by architect P.F. Fedorovsky
68 - “House with dragons”
- 71 - “House with a tent” merchant G. M. Golovanov
on Kirova Avenue
- d. 10 - house of the architect A. D. Kryachkov
on Kuznetsova Street
- d. 17
- d. 30
Blacksmith's Blade on the street
- d. 6
Karl Marx Street
- d. 31 - residential building (1912)
on Pushkin Street
- d. 38
- d. 40
on Tatar Street
- d. 46
on Tverskaya Street
- 66, apartment building
on Shishkova street
- d. 10 - "House of Shishkov"
- d. 14
Siberian Baroque
Baroque buildings enlivened the panorama of the city, the first church built in Tomsk in this style was the Epiphany Church (now - 7 Lenin Square )
On February 14, 1789, the construction of the stone Resurrection Church began , which belongs to a rare architectural style - the Siberian Baroque.
Subsequently, several more examples of this style appeared in the city of Kazan Cathedrals, Znamenskaya Church ).
Resurrection Church
Epiphany Cathedral
Classicism
In the first half of the 19th century, buildings in the style of classicism began to be erected in Tomsk. The first was the building of the provincial government (now the main building of SIPT ). Then followed the Magistrate ( R. Luxemburg Street, 2), the exchange building ( Lenin Square , 2)
In 1878, construction began on the most magnificent classical building in Tomsk - the Imperial University . The snow-white three-story building with a dome was inaugurated in 1888 .
A bright monument of classicism in Tomsk is the estate of I. D. Astashev (Bishop’s House, now the Tomsk Regional Museum of Local Lore ), built in 1838-1842 according to a typical project of V. P. Stasov under the supervision of A. P. Deev ).
A.P. Deev was the most prominent representative of classicism in Tomsk.
Magistrate Buildings and the European Hotel
Classical University Building
Mansion of I. D. Astashev
Provincial Government Building
Eclecticism
In the second half of the 19th century, the houses built in Tomsk did not differ in strict generality of forms, the buildings built can be attributed to the pseudo-Gothic style - the house of the merchant I. I. Smirnov (5, Cooperative Lane ), a lot of the buildings that are built belong to the eclectic style - the trading house E.N.Kukhterin and sons ( Lenin Avenue , 73), the trading house of G.M. Golovanov (Lenin Avenue, 105), etc.
Profitable House of G. M. Golovanov
trading house E.N. Kukhterin and sons
Modern
At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, the Art Nouveau style came to Tomsk, which dominated the city for about 10 years.
In 1896, the building of the Tomsk Technological Institute (architect Robert Marfeld ) was laid, which was opened in 1900 .
Other examples of style are the building of the trading building ( Lenin Square , 14), the mansion of G. F. Fleer ( Lenin Avenue , 83), the Shtol and Schmidt pharmacy house (54 Lenin Avenue), the Vtorov passage (111 Lenin Avenue), profitable house of D. D. Akulov ( Kuznetsova street , 26, now - Tomsk Regional TB Dispensary), House of Science ( Salt Square , 4).
Tomsk architects K.K. Lygin and F.F. Gut (European Quarter) worked in the modern style.
Pharmaceutical house "Stoll and Schmidt"
House of Science
Second Passage
Soviet period
The first 5-story brick building in Tomsk - TSU dormitory - was built in 1935 (4 Nikitina Street ), in 1939 - a 4-story dormitory (68 Lenin Avenue)
In August 1962, the installation of the first large-panel 60-apartment 5-storey building in Tomsk began (Lenin Avenue, 6)
Dormitory for students (Prospect Kirova, 4)
Tomsk Architects
Provincial Architects
Architects of Tomsk
The post was established in 1804 with the formation of the Tomsk province [2] . The first provincial architect of Tomsk was (1804-1810) Mikhailo Malyshev, invited from Tobolsk .
- Raevsky Petr Vasilievich (1810-1817)
- Deev, Alexey Petrovich (1817-1826)
- Loginov Fedor (1827-1829)
- Korobitsyn Andrey (1830-1832)
- Tursky, Karl Gustavovich (1832-1840)
- Arefyev, Alexey Alekseevich (1841-1846)
- Bolbatov, Rodion Alexandrovich (1848-1855)
- Macedonian, Andrei Konstantinovich (1855-1868)
- Schenfeld, Nikolai Ivanovich (1868-1871)
- Serbin, Vladimir Arkadievich (1872-1873)
- Gonyaev, Konstantin Ivanovich (1874-1882)
- Klobukov, Apollon Apollonovich (1883-1889)
- von Schulman, Ernest Ernestovich (1890-1897)
- Khomich, Stanislav Vikentievich (1897-1903)
- Kondakov, Ivan Ivanovich (1903-1908)
- Langer, Andrei Ivanovich (1908-1917)
Famous architects who worked in Tomsk
- Maximilian Yurievich Arnold
- Luka Serapionovich Knyazev
- Georgy Pavlovich the Flying
- Mikhail Kapitonovich Priorov
- Yakov Mikhailovich Nabalov
- Robert Robertovich Marfeld
- Pavel Petrovich Naranovich
- Victor Vasilievich Khabarov - city architect in the years 1876-1889
- Toviy Lazarevich Fishel - city architect in 1905-1911
- Yakov Vasilievich Krivtsov
- Andrey Dmitrievich Kryachkov
A number of architectural works in the city are attributed to Gabriel Baten'kov .
See also
- Preservation of monuments of wooden architecture of Tomsk
- Wood brand. Tomsk news (inaccessible link)
- Architecture of Krasnoyarsk
Notes
Literature
- Bogdanova O. V. The architectural appearance of Tomsk . - Tomsk: Red Banner, 2005 .-- 143 p. - ISBN 5-9528-0032-7 .
- Gerasimov A.P. Tomsk Art Nouveau . - Tomsk: V-Spectrum, 2010 .-- 132 p. - ISBN 978-5-91191-184-1 .
- Gerasimov A.P. Modern in the architecture of Tomsk and the experience of classifying its style directions // Collection of scientific papers of the Tomsk Institute of Business. - Tomsk, 2009. - Issue. 3 . - S. 101-106 .
- Zalesov V.G. Siberian style in the architecture of Tomsk // Siberian antiquity. - 2009. - No. 16 . - S. 4-5 .
- Romanova L.S. Wooden architecture of Tomsk // Essays on the history of Tomsk culture. - Tomsk, 2010 .-- S. 30—34 .
- Zalesov V.G. Architects of Tomsk (XIX - early XX centuries) . - Tomsk: Tomsk Publishing House. state architect build University, 2004 .-- 170 s. + 40 ill. with. - ISBN 5-93057-115-5 .