Joseph (in the world Ivan Grigoryevich Reshilov ; died after 1740) - hegumen Klobukova of the Nikolaev monastery of the Tver diocese , a fighter with a split in the Russian church during the reign of Peter I Alekseevich .
| Joseph | |
|---|---|
| Birth name | Ivan G. Resilov |
| Religion | Christianity |
| Title | hegumen |
| Place of Birth | Belev , Russian Empire |
| A country |  Russian empire |
Biography
Ivan Grigoryevich Reshilov was born in Belev in a peasant family.
He grew up among the Old Believers , was a good racist in schismatic writings, was a schismatic priest and carried many into the schism in Belevsky, Glukhovsky and other counties, and visited his students in Podolia, Volyn and even Hungary . But in 1719, while staying in one of the Kerch hermitages, he suddenly decided to join Orthodoxy . Nizhny Novgorod Bishop Pitirim willingly accepted him as a well-known teacher in the schism and, after a short interview, annexed him to the Orthodox Church; soon Reshilov was even introduced to Peter the Great [1] .
Having been tonsured a monk with the name of Joseph, he asked that he be appointed to appeal to schismatics in the exact places where he had recently preached a schism in order to be able to correct his mistakes. He was commissioned to first convert the schismatics to Orthodoxy in Kaluga , Vyazniki, Rzhev, Tver , Torzhok; in January 1722, at his own request, he was sent for the same purpose to Starodubye and other schismatic monasteries of the Chernigov province [1] .
Taking into account that a lot of schismatics fleeing the Polish border to the Vetka sketes, Joseph first took care of the construction of strong outposts along the tract, and then began his sermons. Within two years, he converted to Orthodoxy, according to his reports, at least 800 people, and those who did not listen to his sermons were fined 1700 rubles [1] .
His activity was very harsh, often the Russian church applied persuasion measures similar to those of the Inquisition against schismatics [2] . The schismatics of the settlement of Eleonka even attacked the cathedral church in Starodubye on Easter in order to kill Joseph, but he managed to avoid reprisal [1] .
From October 1724 to 1726, Joseph lived in St. Petersburg and petitioned for the organization of an anti-splinter missionary work; but his troubles did not have any success, and at the end of 1725 Joseph asked the Holy Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church to free him from missionary activity and allow him to live in some monastery of the Tver diocese . Without waiting for the consent of the Synod Joseph, on January 6, 1726 he went to the city of Tver with the Tver Archbishop Feofilakt (Lopatinsky) , where they worked together on the compilation of the book " Dissenting Truths " [1] .
At first, Joseph was a hieromonk of the Tver bishopβs house; three months later he was made abbot of Rakov of the Zubtsev Monastery in Staritsky Uyezd , and he was entrusted with the task of managing all schismatic affairs in the diocese; since January 1728 he was abbot of the Klobukov Nikolaevsky monastery of the Tver diocese [1] .
In the fall of 1730, due to complaints from the brethren and peasants, Joseph was removed from the abbess and sent to Staritsa in the Holy Assumption Monastery as a fraternity. In April 1731, Joseph returned to the Tver bishopβs house, then in the Kalyazin monastery he served as a horse [1] .
In June 1732, Joseph went on a pilgrimage to Moscow , and since August 1732, he voluntarily settled in the Bizyukov monastery of the Smolensk diocese and performed various obediences there [1] .
On November 21, 1732, Joseph, on charges of embezzlement of state property, was summoned to Moscow for trial, then he was transferred to Petersburg and the famous " Reshilov case " arose in history. The theft of an insignificant amount served Theophan Prokopovich only as an excuse to begin the persecution of his political opponents; little by little, Joasaph Majewski , Markell Rodytevsky , finally, Archbishop Theophylact and other persons involved were brought to the investigation. After a long trial, they all more or less suffered and the opposition of the country's adherents and opponents of the Petrine Church reform was finally weakened [1] .
On March 20, 1734, hegumen Joseph was deprived of his dignity, named Ivan with a spear, and sent to the Secret Chancellery . On December 20, 1740, by Highest decree, taking into account his previous merits, Ivan Reshilov, along with others, was released guilt, Joseph's former name was returned and ordered to be sent to some monastery as a non-descendant brotherhood [1] .
The exact date of Josephβs death has not been established, it is only known that he died no earlier than 1740.
Notes
- β 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Zdravomyslov K. Ya. Joseph (Resilov) // Russian Biographical Dictionary : in 25 volumes. - SPb. - M. , 1896-1918.
- β "History of the Inquisition in Russia." Part III. "Inquisition methods of dealing with church schism."