The Mantle Deesis is a Russian icon of the pre-Mongol period. It is in the collection of the State Tretyakov Gallery .
| ||
| Mantle Deesis . 13th century | ||
| Wood, gesso; egg tempera. 61.5 × 146.5 cm | ||
| Tretyakov Gallery , Moscow | ||
History
The icon dates from the end of the XII century ( I. E. Grabar , V. I. Antonova ) or the first third of the XIII century ( V. N. Lazarev , G. S. Kolpakova ). [1] The origin of the icon is associated with Vladimir Russia on the basis of the proximity of the facial features of the Virgin on Deesis with the face of the Bogolyubsky icon [2] . Was in the Assumption Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin over the tomb of St. Philip . It was restored in the 16th century.
The icon came to the Tretyakov Gallery from the Armory in 1936 [3] . In the same year was discovered by I.A. Baranov.
Iconography
Like the icon " Savior Emmanuel with the Angels, " the Mantle Deesis was painted to decorate the altar barrier , but is inferior to it in artistic performance:
| Faces here are deprived of subtle spirituality, their performance reveals the hand of a much less skilled master, adhering to rather archaic traditions [4] . |
The figures on the icon are presented in small turns, the faces of the Virgin and John the Baptist are depicted larger than the face of the Savior , which makes his image a little remote in depth [5] . On the head of the Virgin, a reddish-brown with a yellow rim of maforium under which a dark blue cap is visible. Jesus Christ is clothed in a brown tunic and dark green hematium . John the Baptist is dressed in a one-color haircloth with the gimlet of Christ.
On the faces of Christ and the Baptist, the original paint layer has been lost (on the face of Jesus the paint has been erased to the blackboard and on the face there are late patches of a reddish tone) [3] . The face of the Virgin was better preserved, although it also has a loss of painting of the upper layers. To the right of the face of the Virgin, a fragment of an ancient inscription made in black paint has been preserved [2] .
The icon is written on a linden board, consisting of three horizontal parts. The key is stuffed with forged nails. An icon board with an ark , without a pavolok (in the fields a 16th-century levkas is laid on a pavolok).
Notes
- ↑ State Tretyakov Gallery. Meeting directory. - Moscow: Red Square, 1995. - T. T. 1. Old Russian art of the X - beginning of the XV century .. - S. 65-66. - 272 p.
- ↑ 1 2 Antonova V.I. , Mneva N.E. Catalog of Old Russian Painting of the 11th - Early 18th Centuries The experience of historical and artistic classification. In 2 volumes. - M .: Art, 1963. - T. I. - S. 68-69.
- ↑ 1 2 Painting of pre-Mongol Rus: Exhibition catalog. - M .: Soviet artist, 1974. - S. 82-85.
- ↑ Lazarev V.N. Russian icon painting from its origins to the beginning of the 16th century. - M .: Art, 2000 .-- S. 41.
- ↑ Kolpakova G.S. The Art of Ancient Russia: the Pre-Mongol Period. - M .: ABC, 2007 .-- S. 443-446. - ( New Art History ). - ISBN 978-5-352-02088-3 .