13th Lancer Regiment , full name 13th Imperial and Royal Galician Lancer Regiment named after von Böhm-Ermoli ( German Kuk Galizisches Ulanen-Regiment „von Böhm-Ermolli“ Nr. 13 ) - cavalry regiment of the Imperial and Royal Lancers of Austria-Hungary .
13th Galician Ulan Regiment named after von Boehm Ermolli | |
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Regiment commander Maximilian von Rodakovsky at the Battle of Custozza (painting by Ludwig Koch ) | |
Years of existence | January 17, 1860 - 1918 |
A country | Austria-Hungary |
Subordination | Imperial and royal Lancers |
Enters into | 21st Cavalry Brigade 4th Cavalry Brigade 11th Army Corps |
Type of | cavalry ( ulans ) |
Includes | two (previously four) divisions |
Dislocation | see below |
Patron | Edward von Boehm-Ermoli |
Participation in | Austro-Prussian-Italian War [1] World War I |
History
Becoming
It was formed on January 17, 1860 by the highest command of the Kaiser from 4 divisions of the 1st, 2nd, 8th and 10th Lancers, as well as the Volunteer Lancers of Stockerau. Four divisions were assembled in Wessel, Gyöngyös, Raab and Sárospatak, after which they went to Stockerau. Since 1862, the regiment is called the 13th Lancers, in 1898 it receives the honorary name of Field Marshal, Count Alois Paar, and since 1913 it is named after Field Marshal Eduard von Böhm-Ermolli.
The regiment’s charter was approved in 1862. The cavalry went through a very long and difficult training in Italy, doing horseback riding in difficult terrain and learning the highest mastery of dressage; they also learned to jump over barriers and even swim.
Austro-Prussian-Italian War
In 1866, the regiment was transferred to Verona before the start of the Austro-Prussian-Italian war . In April, the commander of the regiment Pulz became commander of the reserve cavalry brigade, and Lieutenant Colonel Rodakovsky took his place in the regiment. At the end of May, the 4th squadron was recalled to Klagenfurt, and from May 1, the 5th squadron was in Tirol. The remaining squadrons patrolled Mincio. After the Italians crossed Mincio, the regiment went to Verona and on June 24, as part of the Pultz corps, launched an attack on Villafranca. At the Battle of Kustozza, the regiment repeatedly rushed to infantry squares and cavalry positions, displaying amazing courage, but suffered heavy losses. Several times squadrons defeated the Italians near Tyrol. Pulz was awarded the Military Order of Maria Theresa, Rodakovsky - the Order of Leopold, a number of soldiers and officers were also awarded medals.
World War I
In World War I, the Lancers fought against the armies of Russia and Serbia: on August 21, 1914 he distinguished himself in the battle of Yaroslavitsa. He was later re-qualified as an infantry regiment, as cavalry rapidly began to lose its role.
Archduke Wilhelm , known as Vasil Vyshivany and was a candidate for the throne of Ukraine, served in the regiment.
Shelf Description
Structure
- Subordination: 11th Army Corps, 8th Cavalry Division, 15th Cavalry Brigade.
- National composition: 55% of Ruthenians (Ukrainians), 42% of Poles, 3% of other nationalities [2] .
- Languages: Ruthenian (Ukrainian) and Polish.
- Composition: two divisions. Until 1860, there were the 1st Division of the Colonel, the 2nd Division of the Lieutenant Colonel, the 3rd Division of the Major and the 4th Division of the Second Major.
Uniforms
- 1860: burgundy Tatar, light blue tunic-ulanka and trousers, red lapels, golden buttons
- 1868: ash gray (since 1872 dark blue) Tatar, light blue ulanka, red trousers and lapels, golden buttons
- 1876: dark blue cap, light blue ulanka, red trousers and lapels, golden buttons
Garrisons
- 1860: Stockerau
- 1862: Ens
- 1864: Klagenfurt / Udine
- 1865-1866: Verona
- 1866: Tarnopol
- 1869: Grodeck
- 1874: Lancut
- 1879: Prosal
- 1883: Göding
- 1886: Lemberg
- 1888: Wicked
- 1914: Headquarters and 2nd Division - Zlochow, 1st Division - Zborów [3]
Chefs
- 1860-1861: was not
- 1861: Count Ludwig Trani, prince of both Sicilies
- 1886-1898: cavalry general, Count Hermann Nostitz-Rinek
- 1896-1898: was not
- 1898: Field Marshal Lieutenant, Count Alois Paar
- 1912: Cavalry General Edward von Boehm-Ermoli
Commanders
- 1860: Colonel Ludwig von Pulz [4]
- 1866: Colonel Ritter Maximilian von Rodakovsky
- 1871: Colonel Franz Sukhdolsky
- 1874: Colonel Ritter Sigmund Gnevosh von Oleksuv [5]
- 1879: Colonel Franz Benes
- 1892: Colonel Nicolaus Cheke de Saint-György
- 1883: Colonel Carl von Gilza
- 1885: Colonel Count Egmont Lippe-Weissenfels
- 1890: Colonel Ferdinand Ohl
- 1892: Colonel Franz Neuhaus
- 1898: Colonel Friedrich Yanovsky
- 1894: Colonel Ritter Oscar Kivisch von Rotterau
- 1900: Colonel Richard Clausnitz
- 1903-1908: Colonel George, edler von Lehmann
- 1909-1912: Colonel Ritter Stanislav Napoleon Ursyn-Pruszinski
- 1913/1914: Lt. Col. Earl Leilo Spannocky
Notes
- ↑ Darko Pavlović: The Austrian Army 1836-1866: Cavalry (1999), str. 35
- ↑ Austro-hungarian-army.co.uk - Common Army Cavalry Regiments as at July 1914
- ↑ Austro-hungarian-army.co.uk - Dragoner-Regimenter 1 - 15 as at February 1914
- ↑ Austro-hungarian-army.co.uk - Regimental Commanders 1865
- ↑ Austro-hungarian-army.co.uk - Regimental Commanders 1879
Literature
- Obstlt. Alphons Frhr. v. Wrede: Geschichte der KuK Wehrmacht von 1618 bis Ende des XIX Jh. Wien 1898-1905.
- Georg Schreiber: Des Kaisers Reiterei. Österreichische Kavallerie in 4 Jahrhunderten. Mit einem Geleitwort von Alois Podhajsky. Speidel, Wien 1967.
- BM Buchmann: Österreich und das Osmanische Reich. WUV-Univ.-Verl., Wien 1999.
- Allmayer-Beck / Lessing: Die kuk Armee 1848–1918. Bertelsmann, München 1974.
- C. Pizzighelli: Geschichte des kuk Ulanenregiments Nr. 13. Zloczów 1910.
- Osprey Military. Men-at-arms Series Nr. 329.