Neither are the toponyms renamed for various reasons - the category of new names of famous geographical objects, which, especially in recent years, have attracted the attention of researchers : historians , linguists and travelers .
Any change in the name of the toponym must be somehow consistent with the previous name and fixed in historical memory. This applies to all types of place names, but, above all, it is relevant when new administrative units appear, territorial disputes arise and the political map of the world is redrawn.
Toponyms that have been preserved for many centuries have a particularly high linguistic value, but perhaps there are no names that would never change. The analysis of neotonyms allows us to trace the migration of peoples, identify contacts and the historical change of ethnic groups , and recreate many historical events.
Content
- 1 Varieties of neotoponins
- 1.1 Slang neoponyms
- 1.2 Collocation
- 1.3 Doubtful neoponyms
- 1.4 Three-word toponyms
- 2 Features
- 3 notes
- 4 Literature
- 5 Links
Varieties of neotoponins
Some geographic names have changed in the process of creating geographic maps . The names could be written in Latin letters, and later by Russian researchers rewritten in Russian. Often, topographers themselves invented names or recorded them by ear from the words of the indigenous population in different dialectic sounds, which allowed for strong distortions and the appearance of neotonyms.
Slang neoponyms
The main trend in the formation of slang toponyms is the use of diminutive suffixes, but at the same time, the connection with the previous name remains. So, for example, the Lena River in the Lena district of the Arkhangelsk region was transformed into Lenka . Slang has not yet been separated by rigid boundaries from literary vocabulary, and various borrowings easily penetrate into it: Moscow City , etc.
Collocation
- Composite name
Doubly Neotonyms
Attributive relationship, combining the definition (attribute) and the defined, which in the name act as a whole. The most typical case of attributive relationship:
- Model "adjective + noun":
- Model "noun + noun":
- Model "proper noun".
In this model, both personal names and geographical names can act as the first component:
- Numeral + Noun Model
Three-word toponyms
Features
- Slavic and Finno-Ugric dialectisms .
Notes
Literature
- Kryacheva A.A., Minakova I.V. Actual problems of modern toponymy ..
- Murzaev E.M. Dictionary of Popular Geographic Terms / E. M. Murzaev. - M .: Thought , 1984. - 656 p. (in per.)
- Otin E.S. Unreformed personal names in the hydronymy of the Don // E.S. Otin. Selected works. - Donetsk: "Donetsk Region", 1997. - S. 173-194.
- Otin E. S. On the principles of compiling hydronymic catalogs of a new type: “Catalog of hydronyms of the Don River Basin” // East Ukrainian Linguistic Collection . Vol. 10, 2006. S. 163-203.
- Khrustalyov I. N. To the problem of the grammatical specificity of Russian hydronyms // Vestnik MGOU. Series "Russian Philology". - No. 3. - 2008. - M.: Publishing House of Moscow State Educational Institution, 2008.