Josef ben Issachar Süsskind Oppenheimer ( German: Joseph ben Issachar Süßkind Oppenheimer ; 1698 , Heidelberg - February 4, 1738 , Stuttgart ) - Württemberg merchant, supplier of the ducal court. Widely known as a court Jew of the Duke Karl Alexander .
| Suess Oppenheimer | |
|---|---|
| him. Joseph ben Issachar Süßkind Oppenheimer | |
 | |
| Date of Birth | 1698 |
| Place of Birth | Heidelberg |
| Date of death | February 4, 1738 |
| Place of death | Stuttgart |
| A country | |
| Occupation | , |
Biography
He was first a merchant , then entered into a monetary relationship with the wasteful Württemberg duke Karl Alexander and soon gained his full confidence. Without officially holding any position (although he was sometimes called the Minister of Finance), Oppenheimer managed to distribute all administrative posts to his creatures, minted 11 million defective coins, established a salt, wine and tobacco monopoly, sold privileges for money and burdensome taxes caused people to hate [1] .
When Karl Alexander died in 1737 , Oppenheimer was arrested and charged with high treason, defaming connections with court ladies and usury at exorbitant interest, [2] put on trial and sentenced to death. Under torture, he confessed to all seven deadly sins . Dressed in the form of a “secret financial adviser,” he was shown in an iron cage [1] to the people of Stuttgart , who poured into the streets to mock the “ court Jew ” and then hanged on February 4, 1738 .
In Culture
Oppenheimer’s fate is reflected in the novel by William Süss ( Jud Süß , 1827 ), the novel of the same name by Lyon Feuchtwanger ( 1925 ) and two films - the British in 1934 and the German ( Jewish Süss ) in 1940 .
In 1997, the German sculptor Angela-Isabella Layh creates the sculpture "Joseph Suess Oppenheimer".
Information from the biography and the image of Suess were used in the song of Alexander Gorodnitsky “Stuttgart”.
Literature
- Suess Oppenheimer // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Oppenheimer, Joseph Zyus // Jewish Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron . - SPb. , 1908-1913.
- Zimmermann, "Joseph Süss, ein Finanzmann des XVIII Jahrh." (Stut. 1874 ).
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Suess Oppenheimer // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ Eremin Victor. Secrets of political intrigue: their victims and customers.