Temples of St. Nicholas, Assumption of the Virgin and St. Tikhon, Patriarch of Moscow in Kosin

There are three lakes in this area: White , Black and Holy ^[1] .

Even before the sixteenth century, before the first mention of Kosin , an icon of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker appeared at the Holy Lake; local residents worshiped it until the 20th century. The icon consisted of nine images, three by three, with a total size of 46.2 × 55 cm. The central part depicts Nicholas, the upper hallmarks tell about the teaching of the saint by letter, the appearance of Avlavius ​​in a dream and the salvation of Dmitry from the flood. To the left of the center is told how Nicholas saved three people from prison, to the right - how he cured a man who was tormented by demons. Bottom row: Nicholas saves three people from the sword, and his son Vasily - from the Saracens , transferring the relics of Nicholas ^[1] .

After the Kulikovo battle, soldiers came to the Holy Lake to heal wounds ^[1] .

The date of construction of the wooden church in the name of St. Nicholas has not been established. The first mention of the village of Kosino dates back to 1410 . On the other hand, if it is a village, therefore, the temple was already in it. Historians believe that the temple was built and consecrated when they found the icon of St. Nicholas ^[1] .

Since the sixteenth century, the custom has been adopted to enter the Holy Lake, reciting a prayer; this is evidenced by the coins that were found at the bottom of the lake during the reign of Mikhail Fedorovich and his son Alexei Mikhailovich ^[1] .

The first mention of the church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker dates from 1617 . This is indicated in the letter of appreciation of Mikhail Fedorovich. In 1673, a new church was built in honor of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker. The temple is a small building with two entrances: western and northern, the three-story iconostasis ^[1] .

On June 20, 1717, the icon of the Blessed Virgin Mary was found in the village. From that day, June 20 (July 3), local residents mark this day as a holiday. Peter I sailed across the White Lake on a boat , a pier was built here. In gratitude, Peter I presented the inhabitants of the village of Kosino with an icon from the Italian city of Modena , it was later called Modena ^[1] .

Since 1808, parishioners came to the Modena icon as miraculous: they healed the head, legs, lungs, eyes and unhappiness. In 1848, a cholera epidemic broke out in Kosin, and at the insistence of the inhabitants, the icon was delivered to the village ^[1] .

In 1812 the temple was looted, and parishioners did not come here. In 1815, the flow of parishioners to the temple resumed. One of the pilgrims wrote:

I have known Kosino for a long time, I have been in it many times and each time I carried away with me an indescribably pleasant memory of him. No matter how late you arrive, you will never be late. People come and go here all night, and the lights in the houses are extinguished at dawn. At dawn, a little dawn dawns, a general turmoil wakes you up: in the sennik, in the house, in the yard, on the street, in the whole village. Everything rises and hurries to the Holy Lake; the hunter is you up to the water or not. Hundreds of pilgrims, people of all ranks, conditions, ages and gender, walked to the Holy Lake, crowded on the bridge, at the chapel and in the baths: along the way there are many beggars, lame, blind, crippled, etc., the so-called "lazars" they sang their usual spiritual poems and for an hour kept cups on weight, where passersby threw money. Finally, I’m on the lake: here you can’t hear a single word behind the noise and voice: it’s hard for your eyes to look at the crowd of people, and trembling runs through the body, as you recall that all this fussy mass rests on several thin planks that separate it from 16 arshinny the depths of the lake, a stone's throw from the platform and a chapel. This bathing scene is repeated after an early Mass and after Vespers ^[1] .

In 1818, according to the project of Dmitry Lukhmanov , two stone churches were built: in honor of the Most Holy Theotokos and St. Nicholas. The first was the Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary. On May 28, 1822, Metropolitan Filaret of Moscow and Kolomna visited here. In 1823, instead of a wooden one, a stone bell tower was built. As planned, there was supposed to be a church in honor of St. Nicholas. In 1824, a bell weighing 120 pounds was cast for the bell tower. In 1826, Maria Feodorovna and Elena Pavlovna were on prayers in the Church of the Assumption of the Virgin, this is imprinted on a marble tablet. October 26, 1826 St. Nicholas Church was consecrated. In 1839, the temples are fenced with bars. On August 18, 1841, Dmitry Lukhmanov died and was buried in the church of the Assumption of the Virgin in the west. On July 16, 1851, the peasants of Kosin were transferred to the state department. In honor of this, an alley of poplars was built near the Holy Lake and the icon of the holy martyr Athenogen with ten disciples was donated to the temple. In 1862, a parish school began working at the church . In 1875, peasants created a separate building for her. In 1887, hieromonk Aristocles was here. In 1892, a wooden building was built, there was a watchtower and church shop ^[1] .

In 1920, Tikhon, Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia, stayed in Kosin. In the same year, salaries were removed from the icons of the church of St. Nicholas. In 1939, the crosses were dropped. In 1940, worship was banned. During the Great Patriotic War, buildings were located production. In 1947, a church in honor of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker was badly damaged by a fire. In 1950, the temples were given to the museum of local lore. In 1957, a new building was built for the Kosinskaya Knitting Factory, part of the Holy Assumption Church was destroyed.

In 1976, the Modena icon was found, then it was restored and returned to Kosino on July 2, 1991. In 1977, the reconstruction of temples began. In 1986, a wooden church was built in the old Russian style. In 1990, the church of St. Nicholas was restored, consecrated on November 16 of the same year. On April 21, 1992, the Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary was restored. On April 7, the 1986 church in the name of St. Tikhon was lit. ^[1]

Holy Assumption Church is designed in the style of Russian classicism. The dome has the shape of a circle with one chapter. The temple has three entrances: north, west and south. Two elevations were made inside: for the Kosinskaya icon of the Mother of God and the icon of St. Nicholas ^[1] .

• Page in the register of cultural heritage objects .