John Edmund Moore ( Eng. John Edmund Sharrock Moore ; May 10, 1870 - January 15, 1947) - British biologist and zoologist, traveler, explorer of Africa, teacher, scientific writer. He is best known for his two expeditions to Tanganyika .
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Biography
John Edmund Moore was born in Swinshu ( Lancashire ) into a cotton trader's family. Since 1878, his father worked for a coal company and moved his family to Southampton . Educated at the Tonbridge School in Kent , and then at the Royal College of Science in South Kensington . In 1892, the first to introduce the term “ synapsis ” into biological science, in 1905, the term “ meiosis ”. From October 16, 1893 to June 9, 1894 he worked at the Zoological Institute ( Stazione Zoologica ) in Naples . He headed the first and second expeditions to Tanganyika (1894-1897 and 1899-1900).
In 1899, during a study of the fauna of Lake Tanganyika , he discovered that of all inland African lakes it is the only one inhabited by marine fauna species, and hypothesized that this lake once extended far into the Congo Valley and connected to the ocean. His companion Ferguson corrected the inaccurate designation of the boundaries of the lake, which is actually located 1/2 degree west than previously thought. From the northern tip of Tanganiki, he went to Lake Kivu and Albert Nyanza and climbed the Ruvenzori mountain range to 5030 m altitude, thereby proving the existence of permanent glaciers in Africa, from where it descended to Uganda (1900). In 1900 he returned to his homeland and was awarded for his discoveries the Huxley Gold Medal from the Royal College of Science .
In 1904, John Edmund Moore married, in 1906 he was appointed professor of experimental and pathological cytology at the University of Liverpool , but in 1908 he retired after the death of his father. In 1911, together with his wife, son and four sisters, he moved to Chiswick, in 1920 he settled on the island of Tresco ; in 1927 his wife died.
John Edmund Moore passed away from heart failure at a hospital in West Cornwall.
The works of his authorship: "Tanganika and the countries north of it" ( London , 1901); “To the mountains of the Moon” (1901) and “The Tanganyika problem” (1902).
Sources
- Moore, John Edward // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
Bibliography
- Troyer, JR , 1991. On the name and work of JES Moore (1870-1947): cytologist, zoologist, explorer and co-publisher of the term 'meiosis'. Archs nat Hist. 18: 31-50.