Gerasimov, Yakov Ivanovich

Chemical thermodynamics, materials science, metallurgy, electronics.

He was born on September 10 ( September 23 in a new style) in 1903 in the city of Valdai, Novgorod Region, in the family of a doctor. Children in the Gerasimov family received a good upbringing and general humanitarian education. From childhood, Yakov Ivanovich was fluent in English, French and German, was fond of history, literature and music. He graduated from high school in Rybinsk . And at the beginning of 1920, he began working in the Museum of History and Art as a caretaker and a paid manager. In the fall of 1920, he entered studies at the chemical department of Moscow University . At that time, the course of inorganic and physical chemistry at Moscow State University was taught by the famous chemist Professor Ivan Alekseevich Kablukov, who was one of the first to engage in thermodynamic research. By coincidence, in the 3rd year student Gerasimov began to work with him as a mediator (1923-1927), and later became a lecture assistant to Kablukov. Professor Adam Vladislavovich Rakovsky , founder of the Laboratory of Chemical Thermodynamics of Moscow State University, who was developing methods for producing pure salts based on the Gibbs phase rule, also had a great influence on the choice of life path when becoming a young scientist. ME AND. Gerasimov began working at the Department of Chemistry at Rakovsky in 1925 after graduating from the university.

Throughout scientific and pedagogical activity, is inextricably linked with Moscow University: student, graduate student of the Research Chemical Institute at Moscow University, professor (since 1942). Gerasimov went from a chemist laboratory to the head of the Department of Physical Chemistry, which he led for 30 years, from 1952 to 1982. In parallel, he was invited to collaborate with other universities in Moscow: in 1931-1934 Gerasimov was an employee of the State Institute of Non-Ferrous Metals, he lectured at the Moscow Institute of Chemical Technology named after D. I. Mendeleev , Pedagogical Institute. K. Liebknecht, Air Force Academy. N.E. Zhukovsky.

In 1941, at the beginning of World War II, a branch of the Department of Physical Chemistry was evacuated to Ashgabat . Here, scientists at the Laboratory of Chemical Thermodynamics of Moscow State University under the guidance of Y.I. Gerasimov, carried out the tasks of defense enterprises. In 1943, already in Moscow, Y.I. Gerasimov with his students and assistants continued to work in the field of metallurgical thermodynamics. The results of experimental studies of the thermodynamic properties of substances carried out by him and his employees became the main provisions for thermodynamic calculations of the technology of new materials - metal alloys, ceramics, semiconductors.

In 1981, the USSR State Prize for its contribution to the development of metallurgical thermodynamics received a team of authors, which included Ya.I. Gerasimov. Several generations of university chemists trained and educated Ya.I. Gerasimov for the entire period of his teaching activity (60 years), among his students - professors V.A. Geiderich , G.F. Voronin, V.P. Vasiliev and others.

On the writings of Ya.I. Gerasimova studied and developed a domestic school of specialists in the thermodynamics of inorganic substances. The main works: ^[1] (et al., 1980), ^[2] , ^[3] , ^[4] , ^[5] , ^[6] . For many years of scientific activity Ya.I. Gerasimov published more than two hundred works, including the multivolume monograph Chemical Thermodynamics in Non-Ferrous Metallurgy, published twice in 1933–34 and 1960–73. Author and editor of many textbooks for higher education in Russia and abroad. Translated into many languages ​​of the world published in 1963 and 1973. two-volume textbook "Course in Physical Chemistry", one of the authors of which is Gerasimov.

Active participation Gerasimov in editorial and publishing activities begins in 1953, when he was elected a corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences. For many years, the scientist headed the Scientific Council on Chemical Thermodynamics of the USSR Academy of Sciences, was the representative of the USSR on the commission of the International Union of Theoretical and Applied Chemistry. For a number of years, he headed the editorial board of chemical literature at the Publishing House of Foreign Literature, and since 1964, after the reorganization of this publishing house and the State Publishing House of literature in foreign languages, at the new publishing house Mir, Gerasimov was a member of the editorial board of the international journal Chemical Thermodynamics. From 1958 to the last days of his life, he was the chief editor of the Journal of Physical Chemistry.

ME AND. Gerasimov studied the history of domestic science. In particular, he appreciated the importance of research in chemistry by the outstanding Russian physicochemist V.F. Alekseev (“Refractory materials at Russian metallurgical plants”, 1898), and also contributed to the development of the scientific heritage of the famous physiologist I.M.Sechenov . Lived Y.I. Gerasimov in Moscow on Tverskaya street, 15; since the 1950s - on Lomonosov Avenue, 14 and on Universitetskiy Avenue, 23 Bldg. 1 .. Wife - Lidia Gerasimova. He died on March 17, 1983 in Moscow. He was buried at Kuntsevsky cemetery .

• Order of Lenin (1951),
• Order of the October Revolution (1973),
• Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1978), medal.
• Laureate of the USSR State Prize (1981) ^[7] .

On the 100th anniversary of the birth of Yakov Ivanovich Gerasimov, the Gerasimov Readings scientific conference was held on September 29-30, 2003, in the organization of which the scientific councils of the Russian Academy of Sciences on chemical thermodynamics and on the physicochemical fundamentals of semiconductor materials science, the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and a number of commercial enterprises took part. The conference invited more than 200 scientists and teachers from 35 scientific and educational institutions of 15 regions of Russia and the CIS countries (Belarus, Kazakhstan, Ukraine). The conference program included discussion of a wide range of problems of physical chemistry, from its teaching in higher education to the application of specific results in science and technology.

Colleagues of Yakov Ivanovich believe that the exceptional personal qualities of the scientist determined his success in leading various scientific collectives and organizations. Democracy, amazing tact, combined with common sense, respect for the dignity of their colleagues, encouragement and gentle patronage of their scientific ideas - these are the invariable character traits that were highly appreciated by everyone who surrounded Yakov Ivanovich. The ability of Y.I. Gerasimov to listen and support the interlocutor was amazing and, as a rule, after talking with him, there were solutions that now seem to be correct. Wise, calm, benevolent, but persistent when he was convinced of his own rightness, and at the same time invariably showed special principles in situations related to opportunistic considerations or personal gain - this is how this wonderful person, teacher, scientist is remembered.

• 1. Gerasimov Ya. I., Geiderich V. A. Thermodynamics of solutions. // M.: Moscow State University, 1980, 184 p.
• 2. Gerasimov Ya. I. et al. Chemical thermodynamics. Pract. work on physical. chemistry. Ed. prof. Frost A.V. // M., 1951, 56 p.
• 3. Gerasimov Ya. I. et al. Chemical thermodynamics in non-ferrous metallurgy. Reference guide. In 8 vols. // M., Metallurgist, 1960, Vol. 1, 230 p.
• 4. Gerasimov Ya. I. et al. Chemical thermodynamics in non-ferrous metallurgy. Reference guide. In 8 vols. // M., Metallurgist, 1960, vol. 2, 262 p.
• 5. Gerasimov Ya. I. et al. Physical chemistry course. For chem. Fak. un-com. Under the total. ed. Corr. USSR Academy of Sciences prof. Gerasimova, I.I. // M., 1964, T. 1.
• 6. Gerasimov Ya. I. et al. Physical chemistry course. For chem. Fak. un-com. Ed. 2nd, rev. // M., 1969.

• Gerasimov, Yakov Ivanovich on the official website of the RAS
• Gerasimov Yakov Ivanovich
• Yakov Ivanovich Gerasimov
• Yakov Ivanovich Gerasimov (1903-1983)
• Gerasimov Yakov Ivanovich // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.