Greater Moscow (Shestakov plan)

In 1925, the project was approved by the Planning Institute under the Moscow Council . This project envisaged an increase in the territory of Moscow to 70 thousand hectares, and taking into account two "restrictive" green zones - up to 180 thousand hectares. Designers estimate that the population of Moscow in 1945 will be approximately 4 million people, and in 1960 - 6 million people. According to the project, the city was divided into four concentric zones. The first (central) - was limited to the District Railway (currently the Small Ring of the Moscow Railway ) and was intended for the development of the city center and the construction of residential buildings; the second (ring) - adjacent to the District Railway from the outside, industrial infrastructure was supposed to develop there; the third (garden) - by analogy with the first, for the construction of housing (a kind of sleeping area); the fourth (protective) - forest zone (3-5 km wide) was supposed to serve as a kind of border between the city and the suburban territory. In the forests of the 4th zone, four large green wedges began, which separated the 2nd and 3rd zones. The project assumed the growth of the radial-ring structure of the city with an increase in the number of ring highways to seven. The regional railway was supposed to become a passenger transport artery, freight traffic was proposed to be carried out along the new ring railway, which was supposed to pass outside the fence zone. At the intersection of the railway with the Moscow River , the development of port infrastructure was planned. Moscow itself was to be surrounded by a double ring of satellite cities, organized from the existing cities of the Moscow region , with a total population of 3.5 million people. The main points of the plan (on the development of transport infrastructure, green areas, etc.) were used in further urban plans and documents.

The urban plan “Big Moscow” reflected ideas previously developed by A. V. Shchusev in the plan “New Moscow” and B. V. Sakulin in the “Influentogram” of the Moscow metropolitan area.

• Astafyeva-Dlugach M.I., Stories about the architecture of Moscow, M., 1997.
• Moscow. Encyclopedic reference book. - M .: Big Russian Encyclopedia. 1992.
• Khazanova V.E., Soviet architecture of the first years of October. 1917-1925., M., 1970.