Joseph Sonnenfels ( him. Joseph Freiherr von Sonnenfels ; 1732 - 1817 ) - Austrian lawyer and economist. The representative of cameraism .
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Biography
Son of the Chief Rabbi of Brandenburg .
In 1775 , in Zurich , his pamphlet “Ueber Abschaffung der Tortur” appeared, which was later published, in 1782 , in Nuremberg , in revised and amended form. The book made a strong impression on Empress Maria Theresa , and the torture in Austria was abolished.
The most important work of Sonnenfels is his book: “Grundsätze der Polizei-Handlungs — und Finanzwissenschaft”, which has survived 8 editions (the first appeared in Vienna , in 1765 - 1776 , and the eighth - in the same place, in 1819 - 1822 ). The book Sonnenfels until the mid -1840s served as a generally accepted guide for the study of political science.
In his economic views, Sonnenfels was a strong supporter of the Köhne school; in this respect, his work did not bring anything fundamentally new to science.
In the field of public law, Sonnenfels was a supporter of enlightened absolutism . The idea of separation of powers , which more and more won itself a place in the writings of the eminent French and English writers of that time, remained completely incomprehensible to him; constitutional theories were directly antipathetic to him, and he often tries to rebel against them in his leadership.
Much merit of Sonnenfels is a significant improvement in the language: its presentation compares favorably with the scholars of the treatises of that time in its clarity and compactness of style. From his other works, he is better known: “Abhandlung von der Theuerung in den Hauptstädten und den Mitteln derselben abzuhelfen” (Lpc., 1769 ); Ueber Wucher und Wuchergesetze (B., 1789 ); “Ueber die Stimmenmehrheit bei Kriminalurtheilen” ( 1808 ). The complete collection of his writings was published in Vienna , in 1783 - 1787 . Sonnenfels took a very active part in the compilation of the Austrian criminal code of 1803 .
"The initial foundations of the police or the deanery" ( Grundsätze der Polizei-Haudlungs — u. Finanzwissenschaft ) was transferred by MG G. Gavrilov in 1787 .
Notes
- ↑ http://en.isabart.org/person/148850
- ↑ German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 118615610 // General Regulatory Control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- B BNF ID : Open Data Platform - 2011.
Links
- Sonnenfels, Joseph // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 tons (82 tons and 4 extra). - SPb. , 1890-1907.