Satsuo Yamamoto ( Japanese 山 本 薩夫 Yamamoto Satsuo ). ( July 15, 1910 , Kagoshima , Japan - August 11, 1983 , Tokyo , Japan ) - Japanese film director and screenwriter . The generally recognized social critic and polemicist, who has been associated with the Japanese Communist Party for a long time [1] , is considered a prominent representative of the so-called “socialist school” [2] . Yamamoto spent the pre-war years in the progressive, West-oriented PCL studio (later Tojo ) [1] . In the postwar years, was one of the founders of the "independent" movement. Since 1948 he was a member of the Communist Party of Japan [3] . His films often portray the brutality of the Japanese military before and during World War II . He also addressed the topic of post-war corruption in Japanese corporations and hospitals.
| Satsuo Yamamoto | |
|---|---|
| jap. 山 本 薩夫 | |
 | |
| Date of Birth | July 15, 1910 |
| Place of Birth | Kagoshima , Japan |
| Date of death | August 11, 1983 (73 years old) |
| Place of death | Tokyo Japan |
| Citizenship |  Japan |
| Profession | filmmaker screenwriter |
| Career | 1944-1983 |
| IMDb | ID 0945481 |
Content
Biography
The early years
Satsuo Yamamoto was born into the family of a government official the youngest of six brothers. When the boy was still very young, the family moved to the city of Matsuyama , the administrative center of Ehime Prefecture , where in 1923 Satsuo began attending high school (now this educational institution is called Matsuyamahigashi High School ).). After his elder brother left for Tokyo, where he entered Tokyo University , Satsuo moved to his brother, where he continued to study . In 1929 he entered Waseda University [4] . During his studies, he took an active part in the left student movement. As a student, he became interested in theater and dramatic art [5] . With a group of students, he created Russian for Prokino (Union of Proletarian Cinema) film "Sport" (1931) [6] . After a police arrest for participating in a student anti-war rally, Yamamoto was expelled from the university.
Movie career
On the recommendation of the famous film director Daiske Ito [4] in 1933 he got a job in the studio "Kamata" of the film company "Shёtiku" [7] , where at first he was an assistant to the directors Mikio Naruse and Minoru Shibuya [3] . In 1937 he transferred to the newly formed film company PCL (subsequently Tojo) [8] , where in the same year he made his debut as an independent production of the film “Your Daughter”. Then he shot the lyric melodrama "Pastoral Symphony" (1938) and "The Road" (1939).
During the war, in 1943 he was the director of the film “Sultry Wind”, which tells about people working in the blast furnace shop of a metallurgical plant [5] . In the same year he was mobilized in the army, served as a soldier in China. It was repatriated [8] in June 1946 . In September of that year, Satsuo Yamamoto returned to the Toho Film Company.
Together with the director Fumio Kamei, he directed the anti-war film “ War and Peace ” ( 1947 ), which shows a group of strikebreakers, but the film was censored by the occupying American authorities [2] . In the spring of 1948, a conflict between entrepreneurs and trade unions began in Toho due to the fact that the company refused to renew the collective agreement and dismissed part of the employees. The union went on strike for two hundred days. One of the leaders of the strike was Satsuo Yamamoto [5] . The "purge of the Reds" began and Yamamoto was fired [9] . Dismissed filmmakers began to merge into independent companies. Together with Tadashi Imai , Akira Iwasaki and others, Yamamoto founded the Shinsei Eyga company in 1950 [9] , becoming one of the first representatives of independent cinematography in post-war Japan. In the same year, on the money of the unions, he staged the film “ Street of Violence ”, in which a group of youth opposes the mafia boss and corrupt policemen. Ostrosocial films of Yamamoto of the 1950s “ The Void Zone ” (based on the novel by Hiroshi Noma , 1952 ) - about the immorality of officers of the imperial army’s internal troops, “The Tempest in the Hakone Mountains ” (according to Teru Takakura, 1952), “ Street without the Sun ” (based on the novel Sunao Tokunaga , 1954 ) - about the heartless stewards who tried to frustrate the workers' strike before the war. In the film "The Typhoon Roar" ( 1956 ), politicians try to illegally get insurance, seeking the demolition of an allegedly emergency school building. " Song of the Cart " (based on the novel by Tomoe Yamashira, 1959 ) is the life story of a peasant woman for sixty years. All these films were made with money from various trade union organizations and cooperatives. To shoot the film “Street without the Sun” and some other films, the director resorted to the method of distributing through labor unions among working tickets for an unreleased film [5] .
In the early 1960s, the position of "independent" companies worsened, displaced from the market by large corporations, they began to disintegrate. Yamamoto was forced to return to work at large studios, but remained loyal to cinema of a social orientation. His left-wing political views can be seen even in the historical costume militants, traditional “ Jidai-geks ” [1] , filmed in the 1960s: “Ninja” ( 1962 , based on the popular star of the genre Raizo Ichikawa ), “Ninja 2” ( 1963 ), “The Salvation of the Blind Samurai ” ( 1967 ), “ The History of the Peony Lantern ” ( 1968 ), “The Bloody End ” ( 1969 ). Nevertheless, in the 1960s, Yamamoto will find opportunities for the implementation of acutely social problem films: “ Fighting Without Arms ” ( 1960 ), “The Matsukawa Affair” ( 1961 ), “The Big White Tower ” ( 1966 , Prize of the 1967 Moscow Film Festival ), “ Plant slaves ”( 1968 ).
The best works of the director of the 1970s include the epic “ War and People ” (according to Dzumpei Gomikawa , in three parts - two episodes each, 1970 - 1973 , special IFF award in Karlovy Vary ), “The Magnificent Family” ( 1974 ), "The ring-shaped eclipse of the sun" ( 1975 ), " August without the emperor " ( 1978 ).
Yamamoto continued to work until his death: two of his most recent films, Nomugi Pass ( 1979 ) and Nomugi Pass 2 ( 1982 ), spoke about the brutal treatment of workers by employers during the Meiji period .
After filming his last film, Satsuo Yamamoto, learning that he was terminally ill, sat down to write an autobiography. He was hospitalized on May 19, 1983 and died of pancreatic cancer on August 11 of the same year at the age of 73 years [8] . The director’s autobiography, entitled “My Movies - Life,” was published after his death.
Awards and nominations
- 1980 - nomination for the award for best directing (for 1979) - the film "Nomugi Pass" [10] .
- Blue Ribbon Film Award
- 20th award ceremony (for 1965) - award for best directing - the films "History of robbers in Japan" and "Bench of witnesses" [10] .
- 21st Award Ceremony (for 1966) - Award for the best film - “The Big White Tower” [10] .
- Film award " Kinem Jumpo "
- 1967 - Award for the best film of 1966 - "The Big White Tower" [10] .
- 1967 - award for best directorial work in 1966 - the film "Big White Tower" [10] .
- Mainity Film Award
- The 10th award ceremony (for 1959) - prize for best directing - films: “Song of the Cart” and “The Human Wall” [11] .
- 21st award ceremony (for 1966) - prize for the best film - “The Big White Tower” [12] .
- The 21st award ceremony (for 1966) - the prize for best directorial work - the film "The Big White Tower" [12] .
- 25th award ceremony (for 1970) - prize for best directorial work - the film “War and People. Part 1: Overtures of fate ” [13] .
- The 31st award ceremony (for 1976) - the prize for the best film - “The Barren Zone” [14] .
- The 31st awards ceremony (for 1976) - the prize for best directorial work - the film "The Barren Zone" [14] .
- 34th award ceremony (for 1979) - prize for the best film - the film "Nomugi Pass" [15] .
- Moscow International Film Festival
- V Moscow International Film Festival (1967) - nomination for the Grand Prize of the festival - the film "The Big White Tower" [10] .
Filmography
| Filmography of Satsuo Yamamoto [1] [16] [17] [6] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Russian name | Japanese name | Romaji name | English name at international box office | Film company |
| 1930s | |||||
| 1937 | " Your daughter " | お 嬢 さ ん | Ojosan | The young miss | PSL |
| " Mother's Song " (two-part film) | 母 の 曲 前 篇 / 母 の 曲 後 篇 | Haha no kyoku (Zenpen; Kohen) | Mother's Song (Parts l and 2) | Toho film Tokyo | |
| 1938 | " Pastoral Symphony " | 田園 交響曲 | Den 'en kokyokyoku | Pastoral symphony | Toho film Tokyo |
| Family Diary (two-part film) | 家庭 日記 前 篇 / 家庭 日記 後 篇 | Katei nikki (Zenpen; Kohen) | Family Diary (Parts 1 and 2) | Toho film Tokyo | |
| 1939 | Tange Sazen, New Version: Part 1 | 新 篇 丹 下 左 膳 隻 手 篇 | Shinpen Tange Sazen: I-Iayate hen | Sazen Tange, New Version: Hayate Chapter | Toho film Tokyo |
| " Beautiful exit " | 美 は し き 出 発 | Uruwashiki shuppatsu | Beautiful departure | Toho film Tokyo | |
| The road | 街 | Machi | The street | Toho film Tokyo | |
| " Lady with a Ribbon " | リ ボ ン を 結 ぶ 夫人 | Ribon o musubu fujin | A lady with a ribbon | Toho film Tokyo | |
| 1940s | |||||
| 1940 | “ Into the wind with my father ” | そ よ 風 父 と 共 に | Soyokaze chichi to tomo ni | In the Breeze, with Father | Toho film Tokyo |
| “The promise of the sisters ” | 姉妹 の 約束 | Kyodai no yakusoku | Sisters' promise | Toho film Tokyo | |
| 1941 | " Paradise when I sing " | 歌 へ ば 天国 | Utaeba tengoku | Heaven when i sing | Toho film Tokyo |
| 1942 | The Triumph of Wings | 翼 の 凱歌 | Tsubasa no gaika | Winged victory | Toho film |
| 1943 | " Sultry wind " | 熱風 | Neppu | Hot Winds / Searing Wind | Toho film |
| 1947 | War and Peace (with director Fumio Kamei ) | 戦 争 と 平和 | Senso to heiwa | War and Peace / Between War and Peace | Toho |
| 1949 | “ Who turned me into that kind of girl? " | こ ん な 女 が 誰 に し た | Konna onna ni dare ga shita | Who Turned Me into This Kind of Woman? | Toyoko |
| 1950s | |||||
| 1950 | " Street of violence " | ペ ン 偽 ら ず 暴力 の 街 | Pen itsuwarazu: Boryoku no machi | Street of violence | Daiei motion picture company |
| 1952 | "The Storm in the Hakone Mountains " (with director Kiyoshi Kusuda) | 箱根 風雲 録 | Hakone fuun roku | Storm clouds over hakone | Shinsei eiga |
| " Zone of emptiness " | 真空 地 帯 | Shinku chitai | Vacuum zone | Shinsei eiga | |
| 1954 | “ At the end of the day ” | 日 の 果 て | Hi no hate | To the end of the sun | Club of young actors |
| “ Street without the sun ” [comm. 1] [18] | 太陽 の な い 街 | Taiyo no nai machi | The sunless street | Independent film | |
| 1955 | “ When You Love ” (episode 3 - “When You Love”) [comm. 2] [18] | 愛 す れ ば こ そ 第三 話 愛 す れ ば こ そ | Ai sureba koso. dai san wa ai sureba koso | If You Love Me (segment 3 - If You Love Me) | Independent film |
| The Diary of Uquigus (History of duckweed) | 浮 草 日記 | Ukigusa nikki | Duckweed story | Yamamoto Production | |
| 1956 | Avalanche | 雪崩 | Nadare | Avalanche | Toei tokyo |
| Typhoon Roar | 台風 騒 動 記 | Taifu sodoki | Trouble about a Typhoon | Yamamoto Production | |
| 1958 | Scarlet Cloak | 赤 い 陣 羽 織 | Akai jinbaori | The scarlet cloak | Yamamoto Production |
| 1959 | Song of the Trolley [comm. 3] [18] | 荷 車 の 歌 | Niguruma no uta | The cart song | All Japan Rural Film Association |
| The Human Wall | 人間 の 壁 | Ningen no kabe | The human wall | Yamamoto Production | |
| 1960s | |||||
| 1960 | “ Fighting without weapons ” [comm. 4] [18] | 武器 な き 斗 い | Buki naki tatakai | The War without Weapons / Battle without Arms | Daito |
| 1961 | The Matsukawa affair | 松川 事件 | Matsukawa jiken | The Matsukawa Derailment Incident | Trade unions and public organizations |
| 1962 | " Girls taking breasts " | 乳房 を 抱 く 娘 た ち | Chibusa o idaku musumetachi | The Girls Who Embrace Udders | All Japan Rural Film Association |
| " Ninja " ("Gang of killers") | 忍 び の 者 | Shinobi no mono | Band of Assassins / The Ninja | Daiei studios | |
| 1963 | " Red Tattoo " | 赤 い 水 | Akai mizu | Red water / the red tattoo | Daiei studios |
| " Ninja 2 " ("Gang of killers 2") | 続 ・ 忍 び の 者 | Zoku shinobi no mono | Band of Assassins 2 / The Ninja Part 2 | Daiei studios | |
| 1964 | "The benefactor of the public " | 傷 だ ら け の 山河 | Kizudarake no sanga | The Public Benefactor / The Tycoon | Daiei studios |
| 1965 | " The history of robbers in Japan " | に っ ぽ ん 泥 棒 物語 | Nippon dorobo monogatari | The burglar story | Daiei studios |
| " Bench of Witnesses " | 証人 の 椅子 | Shonin no isu | The witness witness | Yamamoto Production | |
| The Spy | ス パ イ | Supai | The spy | Yamamoto Production | |
| 1966 | " Freezing point " | 氷点 | Hyoten | Freezing point | Daiei studios |
| The Great White Tower [comm. 5] [18] | 白 い 巨塔 | Shiroi Kyotô | The great white tower | Daiei studios | |
| 1967 | Fake Policeman | に せ 刑事 | Nise keiji | The bogus policeman | Daiei studios |
| "The salvation of a blind samurai " | 座頭市 牢 破 り | Zatôichi rôyaburi | Zatoichi the outlaw | Daiei studios | |
| 1968 | The Slave Factory [comm. 6] [18] | ド レ イ 工場 | Dorei kojo | Trade unions and public organizations | |
| “ The Story of the Peony Lantern ” (“The Bride from Hell”) | 牡丹 燈籠 | Botan-dôrô | A Tale of Peonies and Lanterns / The Bride from Hell | Daiei studios | |
| 1969 | Vietnam | ベ ト ナ ム | Betonamu | Vietnam | Production committee |
| Bloody End | 天狗 党 | Tengu-tô | Blood end | Daiei studios | |
| 1970s | |||||
| 1970 | “ War and people. Part 1: Overtures of Fate | 戦 争 と 人間 第一 部 運 命 の 序曲 | Senso to ningen: Unmei no jokyoku | Men and war | Nikkatsu |
| 1971 | “ War and people. Part 2: Love and sorrow of mountains and rivers " | 戦 争 と 人間 第二部 愛 と 悲 し み の 山河 | Senso to ningen II: Ai to kanashimino sanga | Men and War, Part Two | Nikkatsu |
| 1973 | “ War and people. Part 3: The End | 戦 争 と 人間 第三部 完結篇 | Senso to ningen III: Kanketsuhen | Man and War, Part III | Nikkatsu |
| 1974 | " Great family " | 華麗 な る 一族 | Karei-naru ichizoku | The family | Geiensha company |
| 1975 | "The ring-shaped eclipse of the sun " | 金環 蝕 | Kinkanshoku | Annular solar eclipse | Daiei motion picture company |
| 1976 | The Barren Zone | 不毛 地 帯 | Fumô chitai | The barren zone | Geiensha company |
| " History of Suiko from the Tempo era " | 天保 水滸 伝 大 原 幽 学 | Tenpo suiko-den: ohara yugaku | Daiei eiga | ||
| 1977 | Liberated Vietnam | ト ン ニ ャ ッ ト ・ ベ ト ナ ム | Tonnyatto betonamu | Nikkatsu | |
| 1978 | August without the Emperor [comm. 7] [18] | 皇帝 の い な い 八月 | Kôtei no inai hachigatsu | August without Emperor | Shôchiku eiga |
| 1979 | Nomugi Pass [comm. 8] [18] | あ ゝ 野 麦 峠 | Ah! Nomugi toge | Oh! The nomugi pass | Shin nihon eiga |
| 1980s | |||||
| 1981 | " The city of the rock band" Assi " " | ア ッ シ イ た ち の 街 | Asshii-tachi no machi | Daiei motion picture company | |
| 1982 | " Nomugi Pass 2 " | あ ゝ 野 麦 峠 新 緑 篇 | Ah! Nomugi toge - Shinryokuhen | Toho company | |
Comments
- ↑ The film was shown at the Soviet box office in February 1956, r / u Goskino USSR No. 907/56 - published: “Annotated catalog of films of the current fund: Feature films”, M .: “Art” -1963, p. 346.
- ↑ The film has been shown at the Soviet box office since January 1958 - published: magazine for film distribution workers “New Films”, 1958. Issue 1: An indicative plan for the release of new feature films in the 1st quarter of 1958.
- ↑ The film was shown at the Soviet box office since 1961, r / u Goskino USSR No. 1159/61 - published: “Annotated catalog of films of the current fund: Feature films”, M .: “Art” -1963, p. 238.
- ↑ The film was shown at the Soviet box office in June 1963, r / u Goskino USSR No. 1221/62 (until October 1, 1967) - published: "Annotated catalog of films of the 1963 release." Art ", M.-1964, p. 10 .
- ↑ The film was shown at the Soviet box office from September 1968, r / u Goskino USSR No. 2161/68 (until June 1, 1975) - published: “Catalog of films of the current fund. Issue II: Foreign Feature Films ”, Inf.-advert. bureau kinofikatsii and film distribution committee on cinematography under the Council of Ministers of the USSR, M.-1972, p. 10.
- ↑ The film was shown at the Soviet box office in February 1970, r / u Goskino USSR No. 2324/69 (until January 1, 1975) - published: “Catalog of films of the current fund. Issue II: Foreign Feature Films ”, Inf.-advert. bureau cinema and film distribution of the Committee on Cinematography under the Council of Ministers of the USSR, M.-1972, p. 47.
- ↑ The film was shown at the Soviet box office in March 1981, r / u Goskino USSR No. 2215/80 (until June 20, 1987) - published: "Annotated catalog of films released in 1981. V / O" Soyuzinformkino ", Goskino USSR, M.-1982, p. 112.
- ↑ The film was shown at the Soviet box office in November 1984, r / u Goskino USSR No. 1902784 - published: magazine for film distribution workers "New Films", 1984 / November, p. 18.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Jacoby Alexander A Critical Handbook of Japanese Film Directors. - Berkeley, California: Stone Bridge Press, 2008 .-- ISBN 978-1-933330 -53-252295
- ↑ 1 2 Tadao Sato . "Cinema of Japan": Translation from English - M., "Rainbow", 1988. - S. 119. - 224 p. ISBN 5-05-002303-3
- ↑ 1 2 Satsuo YAMAMOTO on the website Cinephilazr.pagesperso-orange.fr (fr.)
- ↑ 1 2 山 本 薩 Satsuo Yamamoto on the Kinenote website (Japanese)
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Collection “Screen. 1973-1974 ”(Yearbook) / Compiled by S. M. Chertok. - M.: Art, 1975 .-- S. 142-143. - 264 p.
- ↑ 1 2 “Cinema Dictionary” / Edited by S. I. Yutkevich. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1986-1987. - S. 520. - 640 p.
- ↑ 山 本 萨夫 (Satsuo Yamamoto) on baike.baidu.com (Chinese)
- ↑ 1 2 3 Satsuo Yamamoto, Director; Made Antiwar Films in Japan on The New York Times
- ↑ 1 2 Yamamoto Satsuo on the Cult Line website (Russian)
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Satsuo Yamamoto on IMDb-Awards
- ↑ Winners of the 1959 work awards on the official website of the Mainity Prize (Japanese)
- ↑ 1 2 Winners of the 1966 work awards on the official website of the Mainity Prize (Japanese)
- ↑ Winners of the 1970 Prizes on the official website of the Mainity Prize (Japanese)
- ↑ 1 2 Winners of the 1976 Prizes (Japanese) on the official website of the Mainity Prize (Japanese) "
- ↑ 1979 Prize winners on the official website of the Mainity Prize (Japanese)
- ↑ 山 本 薩夫 (Satsuo Yamamoto) on the JMDb (Japanese Movie Database) website (Japanese )
- ↑ Satsuo Yamamoto (1910-1983) on the IMDb website
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 List of foreign films at the box office of the USSR from 1955 to 1991. at the forum of the cinema club "Phoenix" (Russian)
Links
- Satsuo Yamamoto on the Internet Movie Database
Literature
- Iwasaki, Akira . "Contemporary Japanese Cinema", 1958, (Russian translation of 1962, Translators: Vladimir Grivnin, L. Levin), - M .: Art, 1962.
- Collection “Screen. 1973-1974 ”(Yearbook) / Compiled by S. M. Chertok. - M.: Art, 1975 .-- S. 141-141. - 264 p.
- Sato, Tadao . "Cinema of Japan": Translation from English - M., "Rainbow", 1988. - S. 119-120. - 224 p. ISBN 5-05-002303-3
- “Cinema Dictionary” / Edited by S. I. Yutkevich. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1986-1987. - S. 520. - 640 p.
- Jacoby Alexander . A Critical Handbook of Japanese Film Directors. - Berkeley, California: Stone Bridge Press, 2008 .-- ISBN 978-1-933330