The Putten Punitive Action ( Dutch: Razzia van Putten ) is one of the punitive actions of Nazi Germany against the civilian population of the occupied Netherlands . On October 1, 1944, 602 men — almost the entire male population of Putten — were deported to concentration camps in Germany. Only 48 returned at the end of the war. The rally was revenge for the fact that the fighters of the Dutch Resistance movement attacked a car in which four German troops rode.
Attack
On the night of October 1, 1944, a car with two officers and two corporals from the Wehrmacht was ambushed by fighters of the Resistance movement between Putten and Nijkerk . One of the fighters, France Slotboom, was wounded and subsequently died of wounds. One of the German officers, Lieutenant Otto Sommer, was also wounded, but managed to hide in a farmhouse and raised the alarm, the next day he died. Another officer, Lieutenant Eggart, was wounded and captured by partisans. Because of the heavy wounds of Eggart, the soldiers released the prisoner, leaving him in a place where he could be found by his own. Both corporals escaped.
German Punitive Action
The next day, by order of General Friedrich Christiansen, Putten was surrounded by German troops under the command of Fritz Fulriede ( en: Fritz Fullriede ). Men and boys were separated from women and kept in different buildings. The men were warned that if one of them hides, the Nazis will crack down on women and children. During the rally, six men and a woman were shot dead by punishers.
On October 2, all Putten men between the ages of 18 and 50 were sent to the Amersfoort concentration camp. Out of 661 men there, 59 unfit for work were released, and 602 were sent to the Neuengamme concentration camp . On the way, 13 people managed to escape by jumping from the train. Of the rest, only 48 returned home, with 5 of them dying shortly after their return. A total of 552 men and 1 woman died. Most men died of hunger, overwork and infectious diseases in concentration camps.
Links
- Resistance in Western Europe , Bob Moore, Berg, 2000, ISBN 1-85973-279-8 , p. 206
- “Sa Wie It,” George Sjouke Riemersma, Xlibris Corporation, 2010, ISBN 1-4535-8706-3 , p. 65
- Surviving Hitler and Mussolini: daily life in occupied Europe , Robert Gildea , Berg, 2006, ISBN 1-84520-181-7 , p. 196
- ww2museums.com
- putten.nl
- Stichting Oktober '44
- Website Stichting Oktober 44, stichting ter gedenking van de razzia
- Lijst van weggevoerde mannen
- Het verhaal van jannes priem