SKOS , Simple Knowledge Organization System (“simple knowledge organization system”) is a model of knowledge organization developed by the W3 consortium for the semantic web , designed to facilitate the interaction of various information systems by standardizing thesauruses , classification systems, taxonomies, folksonomies and other types of vocabulary normalization.
Unlike several existing standards (mainly related to librarianship), SKOS is based on semantic web technologies and is intended for distributed use on the network. The W3 standard is designed in such a way as to make it as easy as possible to bring other knowledge management systems to it [1] .
Since the release of the second version in 2008, SKOS has become quite widespread. In particular, with its help, the AGROVOK system was built used by the FAO [2] . Many large thesauri have been published in the form of SKOS, including the subject index of the Library of Congress , as well as EUROVOC [1] .
Content
Semantic Relationships
SKOS defines several semantic relations that can connect thesaurus concepts, for example, skos:broader , skos:narrower and skos:related for broader, narrower and related concepts. In addition, SKOS describes the more subtle nuances and relationships between these relationships. For example, skos:narrower is a more general skos:narrowerTransitive , which in turn refers to skos:semanticRelation [3] .
For example, the following triplet (from EUROVOC) states that the term “sheep” (sheep) has a broader concept - “livestock” (livestock):
<http://eurovoc.europa.eu/2211> skos: broader <http://eurovoc.europa.eu/5962>.
that is, if in English:
<sheep> skos: broader <livestock>
It should be noted that the skos:broader in SKOS means that the object (<livestock>) is wider than the predicate (<sheep>), and not vice versa, as it can be perceived by English-speaking readers [3] .
To compare dictionaries, SKOS has semantic relations for expressing different degrees of proximity of concepts: skos:exactMatch , skos:narrowMatch , skos:broadMatch , skos:closeMatch [3] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Allemang, Hendler, 2011 .
- ↑ Geopolitical information , FAO
- ↑ 1 2 3 Allemang, Hendler, 2011 , Semantic Relations in SKOS.
Literature
- Dean Allemang, James Hendler. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist: Effective Modeling in RDFS and OWL. - Elsevier, 2011 .-- P. 207-. - 384 p. - ISBN 978-0-12-385966-2 .
- Koraljka Golub. Subject Access to Information: An Interdisciplinary Approach. - ABC-CLIO, 2014 .-- ISBN 978-1-61069-578-7 .