Czech and Slovak Federal Republic

In accordance with the constitutional law of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic No. 81/1990 Sb. dated March 29, 1990 , the name of the state was replaced by the Czechoslovak Federal Republic ^[1] (Czechoslovakia, Czechoslovakia) / Czechoslovak Federal Republic ^[2] (Czechoslovakia, Czechoslovakia), but constitutional law was adopted on April 20 of that year. No. 101/1990 Sb., In accordance with which the new name was adopted - the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic ^[3] . Constitutional Law No. 102/1990 Sb. Adopted on the same day. a new national emblem was approved, combining the national emblems of the Czech Republic and Slovakia ^[4] .

Velvet Revolution and its Consequences

In 1989-1990, the USSR lost its influence in eastern Europe, the ATS countries were separated from Soviet rule by the method of protests and “revolutions”. This did not pass Czechoslovakia. On November 17, 1989, the Velvet Revolution began, which ended a month later with the complete victory of the opposition.

As a result, the communist regime in the country was overthrown, and Vaclav Havel was elected head. On March 29, 1990, the old name of the country was canceled, and in April the official, new name of the country appeared - the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic. In June 1990, elections were held to the Federal Assembly, in November 1990 - to local councils.

Title

The new name of the country was not chosen immediately. President Vaclav Havel proposed removing the word “socialist” from the name, but Slovak politicians demanded another change — so that the name of the country is now spelled (“Czecho-Slovakia”), as it was in 1918-1920 (sometimes later) and 1938— 1939 As a result, the spelling through I. was chosen. Partly because of this, the collapse of Czechoslovakia took place.

Decay

As the situation in Czechoslovakia was destabilized, the question arose of national self-determination of the constituent republics. At first, a purely formal compromise was found - to write the official name of the country as Czechoslovakia (fully - Czech and Slovak Federal Republic, CSFR).

On the eve of the signing of agreements on the division of the republic, in September 1992 a survey was conducted of the population of Czechoslovakia on the attitude towards the division of the country. In Slovakia, for the division of the country was 37%, against 63%, in the Czech Republic for 36%, against 64%. ^[5] However, the fate of the country was in the hands of politicians who ordered otherwise.

On July 17, 1992, the Slovak parliament adopted a declaration of independence. Czechoslovak President Vaclav Havel, who opposed the division, resigned on July 20.

On November 13, 1992, the Federal Assembly adopted Constitutional Law No. 541/1992 Coll., On the separation of property of the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic between the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic and its transformation into the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic. On November 25, the Federal Assembly passed a law on the division of the country on January 1, 1993.

On December 16, 1992, the Czech National Council approved the new Constitution of the Czech Republic (from 1990 to 1992 the Czech Republic did not have its own constitution), Slovakia also adopted its own constitution.

The collapse of the state itself was called “Velvet Divorce. "Velvet" he was named because of his bloodlessness.

• Hyphenated war