2-beta DNA topoisomerase is an enzyme encoded in humans by the TOP2B gene [1] [2] .
| Topoisomerase (DNA) II beta 180kDa | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Human topoisomerase Iibeta in complex with DNA (golden sphere). PDB entry | |||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||||||
| Symbol | ; TOPIIB; top2beta | ||||||||||||
| External IDs | ChEMBL : GeneCards : | ||||||||||||
| EC number | |||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||
| RNA expression profile | |||||||||||||
 | |||||||||||||
| Orthologists | |||||||||||||
| View | Person | Mouse | |||||||||||
| Entrez | |||||||||||||
| Ensembl | |||||||||||||
| Uniprot | |||||||||||||
| RefSeq (mRNA) | |||||||||||||
| RefSeq (protein) | |||||||||||||
| Locus (UCSC) | |||||||||||||
| Search PubMed | |||||||||||||
This gene encodes DNA topoisomerase , an enzyme that monitors and changes the topological state of DNA during transcription . This nuclear enzyme is involved in processes such as chromosome condensation, chromatid separation, and the reduction of torsion stress that occurs during DNA transcription and replication . It catalyzes the transient hacking and reunification of two strands of duplex DNA, allowing the strands to pass through each other, thereby changing the DNA topology. Two forms of this enzyme exist as probable products in the case of gene duplication. The gene encoding the beta form is localized on chromosome 3, and the alpha form is localized on chromosome 17. The gene encoding this enzyme functions as a target for several antitumor agents, such as mitoxantrone , and many mutations in this gene are associated with the development of drug resistance. A decrease in the activity of this enzyme may also play a role in . Alternative splicing of this gene leads to two variants of transcripts; however, the second option has not yet been fully described [3] .
Interactions
TOP2B has been found to interact with BAZ1B [4] , HDAC1 [5] [6] , histone deacetylase 2 [5] , CD3E [7] , [8] and P53 [9] .
Notes
- ↑ Tan KB, Dorman TE, Falls KM, Chung TD, Mirabelli CK, Crooke ST, Mao J. Topoisomerase II alpha and topoisomerase II beta genes: characterization and mapping to human chromosomes 17 and 3, respectively ( Cancer Research) : journal. - 1992 .-- January ( vol. 52 , no. 1 ). - P. 231-234 . - PMID 1309226 .
- ↑ Jenkins JR, Ayton P., Jones T., Davies SL, Simmons DL, Harris AL, Sheer D., Hickson ID Isolation of cDNA clones encoding the beta isozyme of human DNA topoisomerase II and localization of the gene to chromosome 3p24 .) // Nucleic Acids Research : journal. - 1993 .-- January ( vol. 20 , no. 21 ). - P. 5587–5592 . - DOI : 10.1093 / nar / 20.21.5587 . - PMID 1333583 .
- ↑ Entrez Gene: TOP2B topoisomerase (DNA) II beta 180kDa .
- ↑ Kitagawa, Hirochika; Fujiki Ryoji; Yoshimura Kimihiro; Mezaki Yoshihiro; Uematsu Yoshikatsu; Matsui Daisuke The chromatin-remodeling complex WINAC targets a nuclear receptor to promoters and is impaired in Williams syndrome (Eng.) // Cell : journal. - United States: Cell Press 2003 .-- June ( vol. 113 , no. 7 ). - P. 905-917 . - ISSN 0092-8674 . - DOI : 10.1016 / S0092-8674 (03) 00436-7 . - PMID 12837248 .
- ↑ 1 2 Tsai, SC; Valkov N; Yang WM; Gump j; Sullivan D; Seto E. Histone deacetylase interacts directly with DNA topoisomerase II (Eng.) // Nature Genetics : journal. - UNITED STATES, 2000. - November ( vol. 26 , no. 3 ). - P. 349-353 . - ISSN 1061-4036 . - DOI : 10.1038 / 81671 . - PMID 11062478 .
- ↑ Johnson, CA; Padget K; Austin CA; Turner B M. Deacetylase activity associates with topoisomerase II and is necessary for etoposide-induced apoptosis (Eng.) // Journal of Biological Chemistry : journal. - United States, 2001. - February ( vol. 276 , no. 7 ). - P. 4539–4542 . - ISSN 0021-9258 . - DOI : 10.1074 / jbc.C000824200 . - PMID 11136718 .
- ↑ Nakano, H; Yamazaki T; Miyatake S; Nozaki N; Kikuchi A; Saito T. Specific interaction of topoisomerase II beta and the CD3 epsilon chain of the T cell receptor complex (Eng.) // Journal of Biological Chemistry : journal. - UNITED STATES, 1996 .-- March ( vol. 271 , no. 11 ). - P. 6483-6489 . - ISSN 0021-9258 . - DOI : 10.1074 / jbc.271.11.6483 . - PMID 8626450 .
- ↑ Mao, Y; Desai SD; Liu L F. SUMO-1 conjugation to human DNA topoisomerase II isozymes (English) // Journal of Biological Chemistry : journal. - UNITED STATES, 2000 .-- August ( vol. 275 , no. 34 ). - P. 26066-26073 . - ISSN 0021-9258 . - DOI : 10.1074 / jbc.M001831200 . - PMID 10862613 .
- ↑ Cowell, IG; Okorokov AL; Cutts SA; Padget K; Bell m; Milner J; Austin C A. Human topoisomerase IIalpha and IIbeta interact with the C-terminal region of p53 (Eng.) // Experimental Cell Research : journal. - UNITED STATES, 2000 .-- February ( vol. 255 , no. 1 ). - P. 86-94 . - ISSN 0014-4827 . - DOI : 10.1006 / excr . 1999.9772 . - PMID 10666337 .
Literature
- Champoux JJ DNA topoisomerases: structure, function, and mechanism. (Eng.) // Annual Review of Biochemistry : journal. - 2002. - Vol. 70 . - P. 369-413 . - DOI : 10.1146 / annurev.biochem.70.1.369 . - PMID 11395412 .
- Austin CA, Fisher LM Isolation and characterization of a human cDNA clone encoding a novel DNA topoisomerase II homologue from HeLa cells. (Eng.) // FEBS Letters : journal. - 1990. - Vol. 266 , no. 1-2 . - P. 115-117 . - DOI : 10.1016 / 0014-5793 (90) 81520-X . - PMID 2163884 .
- Chung TD, Drake FH, Tan KB, et al. Characterization and immunological identification of cDNA clones encoding two human DNA topoisomerase II isozymes (English) // Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America : journal. - 1990. - Vol. 86 , no. 23 . - P. 9431-9435 . - DOI : 10.1073 / pnas.86.23.9431 . - PMID 2556712 .
- Austin CA, Sng JH, Patel S., Fisher LM Novel HeLa topoisomerase II is the II beta isoform: complete coding sequence and homology with other type II topoisomerases (English) // Biochimica et Biophysica Acta : journal. - 1993. - Vol. 1172 , no. 3 . - P. 283-291 . - DOI : 10.1016 / 0167-4781 (93) 90215-Y . - PMID 8383537 .
- Davies SL, Jenkins JR, Hickson ID Human cells express two differentially spliced forms of topoisomerase II beta mRNA (Eng.) // Nucleic Acids Research : journal. - 1993. - Vol. 21 , no. 16 . - P. 3719-3723 . - DOI : 10.1093 / nar / 21.16.3719 . - PMID 8396237 .
- Nakano H., Yamazaki T., Miyatake S., et al. Specific interaction of topoisomerase II beta and the CD3 epsilon chain of the T cell receptor complex (Eng.) // Journal of Biological Chemistry : journal. - 1996. - Vol. 271 , no. 11 . - P. 6483-6489 . - DOI : 10.1074 / jbc.271.11.6483 . - PMID 8626450 .
- Biersack H., Jensen S., Gromova I., et al. Active heterodimers are formed from human DNA topoisomerase II alpha and II beta isoforms // Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America : journal. - 1996. - Vol. 93 , no. 16 . - P. 8288-8293 . - DOI : 10.1073 / pnas.93.16.8288 . - PMID 8710863 .
- Meyer KN, Kjeldsen E., Straub T., et al. Cell cycle-coupled relocation of types I and II topoisomerases and modulation of catalytic enzyme activities (Eng.) // Journal of Cell Biology : journal. - 1997. - Vol. 136 , no. 4 . - P. 775-788 . - DOI : 10.1083 / jcb.136.4.775 . - PMID 9049244 .
- Fukunaga R., Hunter T. MNK1, a new MAP kinase-activated protein kinase, isolated by a novel expression screening method for identifying protein kinase substrates (Eng.) // The EMBO Journal : journal. - 1997. - Vol. 16 , no. 8 . - P. 1921-1933 . - DOI : 10.1093 / emboj / 16.8.1921 . - PMID 9155018 .
- Ng SW, Liu Y., Schnipper LE Cloning and characterization of the 5'-flanking sequence for the human DNA topoisomerase II beta gene (Eng.) // Gene: journal. - 1998. - Vol. 203 , no. 2 . - P. 113-119 . - DOI : 10.1016 / S0378-1119 (97) 00500-3 . - PMID 9426241 .
- Yamane K., Kawabata M., Tsuruo T. A DNA-topoisomerase-II-binding protein with eight repeating regions similar to DNA-repair enzymes and to a cell-cycle regulator (English) // FEBS Journal : journal. - 1998. - Vol. 250 , no. 3 . - P. 794-799 . - DOI : 10.1111 / j.1432-1033.1997.00794.x . - PMID 9461304 .
- Cowell IG, Willmore E., Chalton D., et al. Nuclear distribution of human DNA topoisomerase IIbeta: a nuclear targeting signal resides in the 116-residue C-terminal tail (Eng.) // Experimental Cell Research : journal. - 1998. - Vol. 243 , no. 2 . - P. 232-240 . - DOI : 10.1006 / excr . 1998.4150 . - PMID 9743583 .
- Lang AJ, Mirski SE, Cummings HJ, et al. Structural organization of the human TOP2A and TOP2B genes (English) // Gene: journal. - 1998. - Vol. 221 , no. 2 . - P. 255-266 . - DOI : 10.1016 / S0378-1119 (98) 00468-5 . - PMID 9795238 .
- Sng JH, Heaton VJ, Bell M., et al. Molecular cloning and characterization of the human topoisomerase IIalpha and IIbeta genes: evidence for isoform evolution through gene duplication (Eng.) // Biochimica et Biophysica Acta : journal. - 1999. - Vol. 1444 , no. 3 . - P. 395-406 . - DOI : 10.1016 / S0167-4781 (99) 00020-2 . - PMID 10095062 .
- Bjergbaek L., Jensen S., Westergaard O., Andersen AH Using a biochemical approach to identify the primary dimerization regions in human DNA topoisomerase IIalpha (Eng.) // Journal of Biological Chemistry : journal. - 1999. - Vol. 274 , no. 37 . - P. 26529-26536 . - DOI : 10.1074 / jbc.274.37.26529 . - PMID 10473615 .
- Cowell IG, Okorokov AL, Cutts SA, et al. Human topoisomerase IIalpha and IIbeta interact with the C-terminal region of p53 (Eng.) // Experimental Cell Research : journal. - 2000. - Vol. 255 , no. 1 . - P. 86-94 . - DOI : 10.1006 / excr . 1999.9772 . - PMID 10666337 .
- Mao Y., Desai SD, Liu LF SUMO-1 conjugation to human DNA topoisomerase II isozymes (English) // Journal of Biological Chemistry : journal. - 2000. - Vol. 275 , no. 34 . - P. 26066-26073 . - DOI : 10.1074 / jbc.M001831200 . - PMID 10862613 .
- Mirski SE, Voskoglou-Nomikos T., Young LC, et al. Simultaneous quantitation of topoisomerase II alpha and beta isoform mRNAs in lung tumor cells and normal and malignant lung tissue (English) // Laboratory Investigation : journal. - 2000. - Vol. 80 , no. 6 . - P. 787-795 . - DOI : 10.1038 / labinvest.3780083 . - PMID 10879730 .