Weather radar station

The widespread use of radar stations during World War II revealed the appearance of noise due to signals reflected from precipitation zones. A study of this phenomenon in the USA ^[1] and Canada ^[2] led to the creation of specialized weather radars designed for the needs of meteorology.

Between 1950 and 1980, weather services around the world began to use weather radars as a tool for continuous monitoring. In the 1970s, the results were standardized, and the radars themselves were organized on the network.

Modern weather radar models are mostly pulsed and rely on the use of the Doppler effect in their work. They estimate the size and position of the precipitation zones, as well as the rate of precipitation and the average size of the raindrops, which allows us to judge the expected change in the weather. Moreover, if initially meteorologists made observations on the screen of a cathode ray tube, then now, with the advent of computers, they get a three-dimensional color image, that is, vertical and horizontal profiles (sections) of the distribution of precipitation.

Meteorological radars are also used on individual aircraft . For example, such a radar is included in the standard equipment of the Sukhoi Superjet 100 aircraft ^[3] .

The main functions of existing weather radars are ^[3] :

• detection of hazardous weather conditions, such as a thunderstorm , thick cumulus cloud cover, city formation, zones of heavy precipitation, zones of turbulence , determination and output of their parameters to indicators,
• calculation and issuance of vertical and horizontal meteorological profiles for indication.

• Maps of weather radars in Belarus .
• Maps of the network of meteorological locators of ROSHYDROMET, Ukraine and Belarus // Central Aerological Observatory.