Zilantov Holy Assumption Monastery is a female (until 1928 male) Orthodox monastery on the Zilantov Hill of Kazan . It is located more than 2 km lower from the Kazan Kremlin along the old channel of the Kazanka River (1 Arkhangelsky Lane).
| Monastery | |
| Zilantov Monastery | |
|---|---|
 In the photo of the beginning of the XX century | |
| A country |  Russia |
| City | Kazan |
| Denomination | Orthodoxy |
| Diocese | Kazan |
| Established | October 15, 1552 |
| Abbot | Mother Superior Sergius (Lakatosh) |
| Status | active monastery |
| Site | zilantova-gora.ortox.ru |
There is a temple-monument with a church in the name of the icon of the Savior Not Made by Hands , built in 1823 over the mass grave of soldiers who fell near Kazan in 1552.
Content
History
The monastery was founded by Tsar Ivan the Terrible on October 15, 1552 after the capture of the city . It was built on the place where the tsar’s tent and camp church stood and where the Russian soldiers who were killed under the walls of Kazan were buried. In 1559, the spill of the Volga washed and destroyed the monastery walls, after which the monastery was moved to the top of the mountain. The monastery is surrounded by a stone wall. The “unofficial” name of the monastery - “Zilant” - refers to the name of the mountain on which, according to legend, a mythical creature lived - the winged serpent Zilant .
The foundation of the monastery is also associated with the burial on this site of "the first holy martyr of Christ in the land of Kazan who shone" - John of Kazan . [1] The historian A. V. Roshchektayev noted in this connection: [2]
The history of the Zilant Mountain as a holy place for all Orthodox places should not even begin with the foundation of the monastery, but from the time when it once and for all became a kind of Kazan Golgotha - from the time of the first martyr of Kazan John . As the Assumption Bulgarian Monastery was founded on the site of the martyrdom of St. Abraham of Bulgaria , "on the blood", and the Assumption Zilantov - on the site of martyrdom and burial of the one who, by the will of God, accepted death for Christ exactly 300 years after St. Abraham (1229 and 1529 gg.). Two capitals: the city of Great Bulgar , at the zenith of its power and the city of Kazan as the “new Great Bulgar”. And the imminent sunset of the earthly greatness of both of them in a few years after the martyrdom of these saints. The end of the Volga Bulgaria as an independent state in 1236, the end of the Kazan Khanate in 1552. Both martyrdom seemed to mark the threshold of new eras and the sentence to those states that killed them.
The main ensemble of the monastery took shape in the XVII century. It housed the Assumption Cathedral (1625), the temple in the name of Alexis the Metropolitan (1720), residential and household buildings. In the years 1640-1642. Suzdal Bishop Joseph , exiled on charges of heresy, lived in exile in the monastery.
In the years 1732-1740. the Kazan Theological Seminary was located in the monastery, and since 1740 - the Novokreshchenskaya school. Later, both educational institutions moved to their own buildings. In the years 1829-1850. The abbot of the monastery was Archimandrite Gabriel , author of Russia's first multivolume history of philosophy .
In 1918, ten monks of the Zilantov Monastery, led by an archimandrite, were shot without trial or investigation on an obscure charge of shelling the Red Guards. For some time the monastery was inactive, but soon an Orthodox community was formed on its basis. The community lasted until 1928, and then was liquidated. In Soviet times, the ensemble on the Zilantov Hill was almost wiped off the face of the earth. The cemetery of the monastery, which had the burial of famous citizens, was destroyed in the 1930s .
Modernity
In 1998, the former convent was revived as a convent. Only the All Saints Church of 1681, thoroughly rebuilt in the 1890s, and the abbot corps of the beginning of the 19th century have survived from the old monastery. Other buildings of the monastery appeared in recent decades. Among them, the Trinity Cathedral, consecrated in 2006, is an exact copy of the eponymous cathedral of the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius .
Location at the old channel of Kazanka
Zilantova Gora on the engraving of Turnerelli (middle of the 19th century)
All Saints Church (XVII-XIX centuries)
New Trinity Cathedral
Rectors
- Patrician Aristovsky (1757-1763)
- Juvenal (Smirnov) (1774-1775) [3]
- Cyril (Yakubovsky) (since February 24, 1907)
Notes
- ↑ The memory of the martyr John of Kazan was honored in the Zilant Monastery // Orthodoxy. Ru
- ↑ Roshchektayev A.V. History of Kazan Zilantov Monastery // Lib.ru: Samizdat magazine
- ↑ Juvenal (Smirnov) // Russian Biographical Dictionary : in 25 volumes. - SPb. - M. , 1896-1918.
Literature
- Zilantov-Uspensky Monastery // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Roshchektayev A.V. History of the Holy Dormition Monastery, which is on the Zilantov Hill of the city of Kazan. Kazan, 2004.