The Western dialect of the Kazakh language ( Kazakh. Kazakh tilinin Batys dialect ) is one of the three main varieties of the Kazakh language , widespread within the West Kazakhstan , Aktobe , Atyrau and Mangystau regions of Kazakhstan , as well as in some areas of the Kostanay and Kyzylorda regions [1] .
| Western dialect of the Kazakh language | |
|---|---|
| Self name | қазақ тілі, قازاق ٴتىلى |
| Countries | Kazakhstan , Russia |
| Regions |  Kazakhstan : West Kazakhstan , Aktobe , Atyrau and Mangystau regions, some areas of Kostanai and Kyzylorda regions  Russia : Areas with the Kazakh population bordering the western regions of Kazakhstan. |
| Status | safe |
| Classification | |
| Category | Languages of Eurasia |
Altai languages (controversial)
| |
| Writing | Cyrillic and Latin (see Kazakh alphabet ) |
Despite the fact that the dialects of the Kazakhs living in the western regions of Kazakhstan and the adjacent territories of neighboring countries are distinguished by researchers as a separate dialect , the differences between the dialects of the Kazakh language are insignificant [2] [3] , and until recently, the very existence of dialects in the Kazakh language was a subject disputes [4] . The amazing homogeneity of the Kazakh language throughout its distribution is explained by the high mobility of the speakers [5] [6] .
The Western dialect appeared as a result of local disunity and tribal association of the local Kazakhs over the centuries [7] and incorporated a significant number of words from the Tatar , Bashkir , Nogai and Oguz languages [8] . According to Sarsen Amanzholov , Western dialects include the dialect of a large tribal association alshyn ( junior zhuz ) [9] , which in ancient times wandered in areas near the Aral and Caspian seas along the Ural and Or rivers. These tribes have long been isolated from the rest of the Kazakhs and until the beginning of the 17th century were part of the Nogai Horde [1] .
The main features of Western dialects are archaic features of the Kazakh language, which disappeared from other dialects, and the presence of vocabulary from languages that Western Kazakhs contacted [10] .
| Western dialect | Literary analogue | Value | Region |
|---|---|---|---|
| azyn-shoғyn [11] | azdy-kөptі, bіraz | more or less a little | Uralsk |
| ән сәтта [11] | әп сәтте | quickly, in no time | Uralsk |
| zharyn [11] | Kähler waқyt, kelesi ret, erteң, kelesі zhyl | in future, next time, tomorrow, next year | Uralsk, Aktau, Atyrau, Aralsk, Orenburg, Will, Irgiz, Shalkar |
| soy [11] | нәсіл, ұрпақ | progeny | western dialect |
| heat [11] | zharts | half | western dialect |
| ілкі [11] | алғашқы, әуелгі | the first | Uralsk |
| sharta [12] | aul; dual, sharbaқ | hedge; the yard | Kostanay Aktobe, Will |
| kүyiente [13] | Moyynaғash, Iіnaғash | rocker | Orenburg |
| nәn [14] | үлкен, көлемді | big | western dialect |
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Collection of materials of the IX International Scientific Conference, 2014 , p. 1805.
- ↑ Kazakh (English) . Ethnologue . Date of treatment April 2, 2015.
- ↑ LA Grenoble. Language Policy in the Soviet Union . - Springer Science & Business Media, 2006. - P. 150. - 240 p. - ISBN 9780306480836 .
- ↑ V.I. Abaev. Scythian-European isoglosses . - 1965.- S. 121. - 166 p. - ISBN 9785458555562 .
- ↑ Keith Brown, Sarah Ogilvie. Concise Encyclopedia of Languages of the World . - Elsevier, 2010 .-- P. 589-591. - 1310 p. - ISBN 9780080877754 .
- ↑ EK Brown, RE Asher, JMY Simpson. Encyclopedia of language & linguistics . - SIL International, 2006 .-- 966 p. - P. 174. - ISBN 9780080442990 .
- ↑ S. A. Amanzholov, 1959 , p. 205.
- ↑ Kaliev G.A., Sh. Sh. Sarybaev, 1991 , p. 90.
- ↑ S. A. Amanzholov, 1959 , p. 185.
- ↑ Omarbekov S. Local peculiarities in the Kazakh colloquial language = Қазаызтыыз ayuzykі tіlіndegі zhergіlіktі erekshelіkter. - Pavlodar: State University. S. Toraigyrova, 2008 .-- S. 54 .-- 224 p.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Collection of materials of the IX International Scientific Conference of Students and Young Scientists “Science and Education - 2014” . - ENU them. L.N. Gumilyova, 2014 .-- ISBN 978-9965-31-610-4 . Archived March 5, 2016 on Wayback Machine
- ↑ Zharylgasynova G.D. Isabekov shygarmalarynda zhergіlіktі tіldіk erekshelіkterdің қoldanysy (Kazakh.) . - ENU them. L. N. Gumilyova. Archived on April 19, 2015.
- ↑ Dialectological Dictionary, 2008 , p. 111.
- ↑ Dialectological Dictionary, 2008 , p. 533.
Literature
- S. A. Amanzholov. Questions of dialectology and the history of the Kazakh language, Part 1 . - Alma-Ata state. teacher. Institute of them. Abay, 1959.
- Kaliev G.A., Sh. S. Sarybaev. Kazakh dialectology = Қазақ dialectology. - Alma-Ata: Ana tіlі, 1991 .-- 200 p.
- Aitbaev U. A. , Abdrakhmanov S. A. Dialectological dictionary of the Kazakh language = Қазақ тілінің dialectology қ сөздігі. - Alma-Ata: Arys, 2008 .-- 800 p.