Volzhanka ordinary [2] , or volzhanka dioecious , or aruncus dioecious ( lat. Aruncus dioicus ) - a species of perennial herbaceous dioecious plants of the genus Volzhanka of the family Pink ( Rosaceae ).
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Aruncus dioicus ( Walter ) Fernald , 1939 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Content
Distribution
Western regions of the European part of Russia, the Caucasus , Central Europe.
Broad-leaved and mixed forests .
Description
Perennial plant 100-150 cm tall with erect, leafy stems forming sprawling bushes up to 120 cm across.
The leaves are complex, delicate, twice or thrice pinnate, on long, strong petioles.
Paniculate inflorescences, sprawling, up to 50 cm long. Inflorescences of male (stamen) flowers are more dense, female - more rare, openwork.
The flowers are small, up to 0.3 cm in diameter, white or slightly greenish.
Blossoms in June-July 30-35 days. The fruits are leaflets. The seeds are small, ripen by mid-September [3] [4] .
Economic Significance and Application
In Culture
In culture since 1623. Several varieties are known, the most common is 'Kneifii', up to 60 cm high with dissected into small lobes, somewhat drooping leaves.
Propagated by division (in early April and September), stem and root cuttings, as well as seeds. Crops are shading. Seedlings dive into the ridges at a distance between plants of 10-15 cm with subsequent transplantation in the spring of next year to a greater distance. Two years later, seedlings are planted in a permanent place. When grown from seeds sown before winter, it blooms in the third year. The blossoming Volzhanka exudes a pleasant tart aroma , attracting various insects from flies of beetles and bronzes to butterflies .
To the soil is not demanding. Shade tolerant. In the sunshine, plants burn out, their leaves become yellowish. In one place it can grow up to seven years. Inflorescences are cut off immediately after flowering, and the plants themselves are cut in the fall, leaving hemp stems 3-5 cm high. It is used to decorate edges, create thickets, groups, massifs, and single plantings. Often used to decorate the shore of a reservoir.
In water, cut inflorescences fade on the second or third day. For use in dry bouquets, inflorescences are harvested at the time of full disclosure of flowers. Inflorescences are suspended or placed in a vase without water in a dry, ventilated room. After half a month, they completely dry out [3] [4] [5] .
Botanical classification
Synonyms
According to The Plant List :
- Actaea dioica walter
- Aruncus allegheniensis Rydb.
- Aruncus americanus raf.
- Aruncus aruncus (L.) Shafer
- Aruncus aruncus (L.) H. Karst.
- Aruncus asiaticus Pojark.
- Aruncus barbacaprae Fourr.
- Aruncus capribarba Wender.
- Aruncus dioicus var. asiaticus (Pojark.) Kitag.
- Aruncus dioicus var. dioicus
- Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus (Maxim.) H. Hara
- Aruncus dioicus subsp. vulgaris (Raf. ex H. Hara) Tzvelev
- Aruncus kamtschaticus (Maxim.) Rydb.
- Aruncus kamtschaticus var. tomentosus (Koidz.) Miyabe & Tatew.
- Aruncus silvester Kostel. ex maxim.
- Aruncus sylvester Kostel.
- Aruncus sylvester var. kamtschaticus maxim.
- Aruncus sylvester var. tenuifolius Nakai ex H. Hara
- Aruncus sylvester var. tomentosus Koidz.
- Aruncus sylvester var. triternatus Wall. ex maxim.
- Aruncus sylvester var. vulgaris maxim.
- Aruncus sylvestris Kostel.
- Aruncus sylvestris Kostel. ex opiz
- Aruncus sylvestris Kostel. ex maxim.
- Aruncus vulgaris Raf.
- Astilbe aruncus (L.) Trevir.
- Spiraea aruncus L.
- Spiraea paniculata St.-Lag.
- Ulmaria arunca (L.) Hill
- Ulmaria aruncus (L.) Hill
Intraspecific taxa
- Aruncus dioicus var. acuminatus (Douglas ex Hook.) H. Hara
- Aruncus dioicus var. aethusifolius (HL‚v.) H.Hara
- Aruncus dioicus var. astilboides (Maxim.) H. Hara
- Aruncus dioicus var. camschaticus (Maxim.) H. Hara
- Aruncus dioicus f. laciniatus (H. Hara) H. Ikeda
- Aruncus dioicus f. latilobus (H. Hara) H. Ikeda
- Aruncus dioicus var. pubescens (Rydb.) Fernald
- Aruncus dioicus var. vulgaris (Maxim.) H. Hara
Notes
- ↑ For the conventionality of indicating the class of dicotyledons as a superior taxon for the plant group described in this article, see the APG Systems section of the Dicotyledonous article .
- ↑ Russian name of the taxon - according to the following edition:
- Schroeter A.I. , Panasyuk V.A. Dictionary of Plant Names = Dictionary of Plant Names / Int. union biol. Sciences, Nat. Biologists of Russia, Vseros. instit lek. and aromatic. plants Ros. agricultural farm. academies; Ed. prof. V.A. Bykova. - Koenigstein: Koeltz Scientific Books, 1999 .-- S. 86. - 1033 p. - ISBN 3-87429-398-X .
- ↑ 1 2 Krestnikova A. D. Decorative perennials. - M .: Rosselkhozizdat, 1987.
- ↑ 1 2 Krasavtseva A. Spray of champagne // Floriculture: journal. - 2002. - No. 4 .
- ↑ Arunkus, or Volzhanka . Encyclopedia of ornamental garden plants. Date of treatment March 31, 2015.