Olite (Kansas)

Olite is located in the north-eastern part of the state. It borders the city of from the north-east, from the city of from the south-west, and from the city of from the north-west. The Oleite area is 156.49 km², of which 1.97 km² (1.26%) are open water spaces: the two largest urban reservoirs constructed in the 1930s are Oleite (0.7 km²) and Cedar (0 , 18 km²) ^[4] . The largest green area of ​​the city is Black Bob Park (0.32 km², opened in 1981), named after , an Indian leader from the Shawnee tribe ^[5] .

The major highways I-35 ^[6] , ^[7] , and and the smaller major roads and pass through the city.
Airports are served by Johnson County Executive Airport , located in the southeastern part of Olite, and New Century AirCenter , located just southwest of the city. It can be noted that Johnson County Executive Airport is the second busiest state ^[8] .
The city's bus service is provided by Johnson County Transit .

Olite is characterized by a humid continental climate with cool winters and hot summers. On average 36 days a year, the air temperature in the city exceeds 32 ° C and 3 days a year - 38 ° C, 102 days a year the temperature drops below 0 ° C, but very rarely below -12 ° C. On average, it rains 96.4 days a year over the city and 10 days snow. The maximum air temperature in the city was recorded in July 1954 and amounted to 45.6 ° С, the minimum - in December 1989 and amounted to -30 ° С.

On average, 914 mm of rain falls on the city per year, the wettest month is May with 126 mm, the driest month is February with 29 mm. Most rainy days are in May (an average of 11.4), the least - in February (5.7). The rainiest month in the history of meteorological observations was July 1993, when 396 mm of rain fell on Oleit in a month (43.3% of the annual norm).

On average, 48.8 cm of snow falls on the city per year, the snowiest month is January from 14 cm (snowing on average 3 days a month), from May to September inclusively there has never been snow (in April and October it happens very rarely: the average annual figures are 1 and 0.3 cm, respectively, that is, in April, snow happens once every five years, and in October - once every ten years). The snowiest month in the history of meteorological observations was January 1962, when 61 cm of snow fell in a month on Oleit (125% of the annual norm) ^[9] .

Comment. Average values ​​are indicated for the observation period from 1971 to 2000, and extreme values ​​are from 1939 to 2001. The weather station is located 5 kilometers east of the city ^[10] at an altitude of 322 meters above sea level.

XIX century

Olite was founded by a certain doctor, John T. Barton, in the spring of 1857, 11 years before Kansas appeared as a state ^[11] . He made a trip to the center of Johnson County and spotted a beautiful place there, all covered with wild flowers, mostly verbena . Barton decided to name his city “Beautiful” and asked the translator from the Shawnee Indians , who had long lived here, how this word sounds in their language and received the answer - olete . In the same year, Oleite received the status of “city” ( city ), however, due to the unstable political situation, the next year he was incorporated again. In 1865, Oleite was incorporated for the third time with the status of “third-class city”, in 1870 it rose to “second class”, in 1970 - to “first class” ^[9] . Although Oleite did not become the first city to appear in the district, it very quickly became the largest here and in October 1859 received the status of a district center . The first years of existence, until 1861, the city several times became the epicenter of the brutal events of "Bleeding Kansas" until it became a . Nevertheless, in the years 1862-1864, Olite was attacked several times by the Confederates , in particular, the units of and Sterling Price ^[9] devastated him.

After the Civil War, the main occupation of the townspeople was the service of travelers, since Oleite was successfully located on the Oregon and routes and the Santa Fe Trail : up to 600 wagons passed through the city in a week ^[11] . However, by 1870 the Transcontinental Railway reached the city, which actually brought down the economy of the town, and it became a deaf provincial settlement for almost a century. By 1868, there were 50-60 buildings in Oleit; by 1873, the city was served by three railway lines. In 1874, the first library opened, and the city began to record its history. In 1881, a railway depot was built in the city.

XX — XXI Century

In 1907, Oleite and Kansas City were connected by a tramway (completed its work in 1940) ^[9] , and in the early 1960s, the I-35 direct highway, which immediately caused a sharp increase in the city's population.

In 1920, the city’s chamber of commerce was formed. In 1959, Harris Newspapers acquired the newspapers The Olathe Mirror and The Johnson County Democrat , combining them in The Olathe News , existing to this day. In 1970, the first McDonald's opened in the city, in 1982 - the first Wal-Mart Stores ^[9] .

According to 2000, Oleite was one of the 25 fastest growing cities in the country ^[12] . In 2004, the magazine placed Oleite on the third line in its list of “hottest” towns in the central USA ”; in 2006 - on the 13th in its list of “Best Small Cities”. In 2008, CNN / “Money” placed Oleite on the 11th line in her list of “100 Best Cities for Living in the USA” ^[13] .

In 1866, a school for the deaf was opened in Oleit - it became the first institution of its kind in the state (by 1913, 250 children were studying in it) and still remains one of the largest such schools. Two years later, the first public school of the city opened ^[9] . MidAmerica Nazarene College University opened in 1966. There are also four high schools in the city: Severnaya (since 1958), Yuzhnaya (since 1981), Vostochnaya (since 1992) and North-West (since 2003); In 2017, it is planned to open the fifth high school - “Western” ^[14] .

Throughout the existence of the city, its population, as a rule, grew at a noticeable pace, with the exception of the 1900s and 1910s, when over the course of two decades the number of residents of Oleite decreased by more than 5%. The largest growth was recorded in the 1970s: over the decade, the number of residents more than doubled. In 2001, the mark of 100 thousand inhabitants was overcome ^[9] , that is, over 40 years, from the beginning of the 1960s to the beginning of the 2000s, the number of residents of Oleite increased approximately ten times.

2010 year

According to the 2010 census , 125,872 people lived in Oleit (49.5% of males and 50.5% of females), there were 44,507 households and 33,274 families. Racial composition : white - 83.1%, blacks and African - Americans - 5.3%, Native Americans - 0.4%, Asians - 4.1%, Pacific Islander - 0.1%, other races - 4.1% , mixed races - 3%, Hispanics (of any race) - 10.2%.

In 44.1% of households, children under the age of 18 lived; 60.9% of households were married couples living together, 9.6% were women - heads of household without a husband, 4.3% - men - heads of household without a wife, and 25.2% of households were not families. The average household size was 2.8 people, families - 3.24 people.

The average age of a city dweller was 32.9 years; 30% of residents were under the age of 18, 7.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24, 32.1% were between 25 and 44 years old, 23.1% were between 45 and 64 years old and 7.2% were over 65 years old.

year 2012

According to 2012 estimates, the average household income of the city was $ 76,836 per year, with the state average of $ 50,241; per capita income was $ 30,649 per year ^[15] .

year 2013

According to 2013 estimates, 131,885 people lived in Oleit (50% of males and 50% of females). The average age of a city dweller was 33.3 years, with an average statewide indicator of 36 years.
The inhabitants of Oleite reported the origin of their ancestors as follows: Germans - 23.9%, Irish - 10.8%, English - 9.6%, French - 2.5%, Swedes - 2.1%.
A survey of residents over 15 years of age showed that 24.9% of them are single and never married, 59.1% are married and live together, 1.1% are married, but live separately, 2, 8% are widowed and 12% are divorced.
9.7% of city dwellers were born outside the USA, with an average statewide indicator of 6.5% ^[15] .

year 2014

As of June 2014, unemployment in the city was 4.5%, with an average statewide rate of 5.1% ^[15] .

• - built in 1857, is listed on the US National Register of Historic Places in 1977.

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  House of Martin van Buren Parker

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  At the MidAmerica Nazarene College Church

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  High School "South"

• Chickens   Switzerland - since 1974
• Maebashi   Japan - since 1998 ^[9]

• In Olite, the headquarters of the large company Garmin (since 1996) is located ^[9] . There is also a branch of the , and this is the largest branch in the United States, even at its headquarters in Los Angeles , fewer employees than here.
• Oleite belongs to the : 35 primary schools, 9 secondary and 4 senior ^[18] .
• born (1917–2014) - 36th (1961–1965) ^[19], was born and died in Olite.
• Part of the filming of the film (1967) ^[9] took place in Oleit.

• William E. Connelly. Quantrill and the Border Wars (1909)

• Official website of the city (English)
  • Geographic Information Systems ( GIS ) on the official website of the city
• City Chamber of Commerce
• City Public Library
• United States Geographic Names Information System: Oleite (Kansas )