The Order of the Golden Fleece was created by the Duke of Burgundy, Philip III Good in January 1430, on the occasion of the marriage of Princess Isabella of Portugal , as a secular order, which was supposed to unite the best knights from among its allies and vassals. At the ceremony of founding the order in Bruges , 24 nobles became knights; the duke himself became a great master.
Knights admitted to the Order in 1430
| Diploma number | Emblem | Portrait | Name | Equestrian Image in Tabard | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| one | Philip III the Good , Duke of Burgundy (1396-1467) | Founder and First Grand Master | |||
| 2 | Guillaume III de Vienne , Senior de Saint-Georges (d. 1435/1445) | Governor of Burgundy | |||
| 3 | Rainier Pot , seigneur de la Prune (c. 1362-1432) | Chamberlain of Philip II the Brave | |||
| four | Jean V de Roubaix , Senior de Roubaix (1369-1449) | ||||
| five | Roland van Utkerker , Senor Hemsrode (d. 1442) | Governor of Holland and Friesland | |||
| 6 | Antoine de Vergie , Count de Dammartin (1375-1439) | Marshal of France | |||
| 7 | David de Brimot , seigneur de Linyi-sur-Canche (before 1384-1448) | Governor of Arras | |||
| eight | South de Lannoy , seigneur de Sant (c. 1384-1456) | Between 1433 and 1440, the stathuder of Holland, Zealand, and Friesland | |||
| 9 | Jean de la Clit , seigneur de Commine (d. 1443) | Governor of Flanders | |||
| ten | Antoine de Toulonjon (d. 1432) | Marshal of Burgundy | |||
| eleven | Pierre I de Luxembourg , Count de Saint-Paul , de Conversano and de Brienne (1390-1433) | ||||
| 12 | Jean de Latremoy , seigneur de Jonvel (1377-1449) | The Great Chamberlain | |||
| 13 | Gilbert de Lannoy , seigneur de Villeerval (1386-1462) | ||||
| 14 | Jean II de Luxembourg , Count de Linyi (d. 1441) | Captain General of Picardy, Governor of Artois | |||
| 15 | Jean de Villiers de L'Isle-Adan , Senior Villiers-le-Belle (c. 1384-1437) | Marshal of France | |||
| sixteen | Antoine I de Croy , Count de Porsean (c. 1385 / 1390-1475) | Governor of Luxembourg | |||
| 17 | Colard de Brimoeux, called Florimon III, Senior de Massincourt (d. 1442) | Governor of Pontieux | |||
| 18 | Robert de Mamin (c. 1387-1430 / 1431) | Stenhalter Genenegau | |||
| nineteen | Jacques de Brimot , Senior de Grigny (c. 1384-1447) | ||||
| 20 | Baudouin I de Lannoy , Senior de Molembé (1389-1474) | Governor Morten | |||
| 21 | Pierre de Beaufremont , Count de Charney (d. 1472) | Governor of Burgundy | |||
| 22 | Philippe de Ternan , seigneur de Ternan (c. 1400-1456) | Prevost and Governor of Paris at the Bourguignons and the British | |||
| 23 | Jean II de Croy , Count de Chimet (c. 1403-1473) | Great Halle Balls | |||
| 24 | Jean V de Creki , seigneur de Creki (c. 1400-1472) | ||||
| 25 | Jean I de Neuchatel , Senior de Montague (c. 1378 / 1379-1433) | Expelled in 1431 for fleeing the battlefield at the Battle of Anton on June 11, 1430 |
The first chapter. Lille, 1431
The first chapter of the order took place in Lille after the day of St. Andrew (St. Andriy, November 30), when the official festival of the order was held, and was held on December 2-4 in the church of Saint-Pierre. Jean I de Neuchatel was expelled from the knights for fleeing the battlefield at the Battle of Anton on June 11, 1430. The application for joining the Order of Louis II de Chalon-Arles , Prince of Orange, who commanded this unsuccessful battle, was rejected by the Duke for the same reason [1] .
| Diploma number | Emblem | Portrait | Name | Equestrian Image in Tabard | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 26 | Frederick IV , Count von Moers (d. 1448) | ||||
| 27 | Simon VIII de Lalen , Senior de Montigny (c. 1405-1476) | In 1436–1462, Admiral of Flanders |
Second Chapter, Bruges, 1432
Held in the church of Saint-Donat December 1-2. Jean de Neuchatel was denied a request for reinstatement, and on the second day of the chapter the assembly elected new knights [2] .
| Diploma number | Emblem | Portrait | Name | Equestrian Image in Tabard | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 28 | Andre de Toulonjon (d. 1432) | the great horse of France | |||
| 29th | Jean IV de Melon , Burgent of Ghent, Viscount de Melon (d. 1484) |
Third Chapter, Dijon, 1433
Held on November 29 - December 3 and the ducal chapel. On December 2, the newly elected knights, besides the absent Ruprecht von Wirneburg , took the oath [3] .
| Diploma number | Emblem | Portrait | Name | Equestrian Image in Tabard | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| thirty | Jacques de Crevcourt (d. 1441) | ||||
| 31 | Jean IV de Vergey , Senior de Fouvain (d. 1461) | Governor of Burgundy | |||
| 32 | Guy III de Pontaye , Senior de Talme (d. Before 1437) | ||||
| 33 | Bodo de Noyer-Vion , Senior de Cateux (d. 1461) | ||||
| 34 | Jean de Luxembourg , Bastard de Saint-Paul, Senior de Obourdin (d. 1466) | ||||
| 35 | Charles the Bold , Count de Charolais (1433-1477) | From 1467 the Grand Master | |||
| 36 | Ruprecht IV von Wirneburg , Count von Wirneburg (d. 1444) | ||||
| 37 | Tiebo VIII de Neuchatel (1386 / 1387-1459) | Grand Master of France |
Fourth Chapter, Brussels, 1435
Held in the church of St. Gudula after the fifth order of celebration, in early December. There were no initiations. Various business issues and the position of the knights in connection with the conclusion of the Franco-Burgundian union, including an appeal to the capitul by Jean de Luxembourg, were considered [4] .
Fifth Chapter, Lille, 1436
Held at the church of Saint-Pierre in early December. There were no initiations. December 4, the behavior of the knights was examined for compliance with the requirements of the charter and order morale [5] .
Sixth Chapter, Saint Omer, 1440
Held on November 30 - December 1 after the tenth order holiday. On the occasion of the adoption of several nobles in the knights, an amendment was made to the second article of the ordinances and the statute, allowing emperors, kings and dukes to bear, along with the Golden Fleece chain, the signs of any other order whose sovereigns they were (according to this article, a knight admitted to the Golden Fleece order , should have refused membership in any other) [6] .
| Diploma number | Emblem | Portrait | Name | Equestrian Image in Tabard | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 38 | Karl Orleans (1391-1465) | ||||
| 39 | Jean VI of Breton (1389-1442) | ||||
| 40 | Jean II , Duke of Alanson (1409-1476) | ||||
| 41 | Mathieu de Foix , Count de Commenges (1385-1456) |
Seventh Chapter, Ghent, 1445
It opened on December 11 in the church of Saint-Jean after the 15th Order of the Day. Elected to the number of knights Francis I of Breton and Louis de Luxembourg , Count de Saint-Paul, refused this honor [7] .
| Diploma number | Emblem | Portrait | Name | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 42 | Alphonse V of Aragon (1394-1458) | Elected in absentia | ||
| 43 | Frank II van Borselen , Count of Ostrevan (c. 1396-1470) | |||
| 44 | Renault II van Brederode (1414/5 - 1473) | Burggraf Utrecht | ||
| 45 | Hendrick II van Borselen (d. 1474), Herr van Ver and Vlissingen | Admiral of Holland | ||
| 46 | Jean IV d' Ossy (1396-1474) | from 1461 the great master of arbalester of France | ||
| 47 | Andriu d'Yumiere (d. 1458) |
Eighth Chapter, Mons, 1451
It opened on May 3 in the church of Saint-Vaudeux, after the 16th Order of the Day, which took place the day before. On May 7, information about the behavior of the knights over the past time was announced, and Philippe de Ternan was charged with violating the armistice with the British and misappropriation of public funds. The duke forgave him, sentenced to a fine and repentance [8] .
| Diploma number | Emblem | Portrait | Name | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 48 | Johann I , Duke of Cleves (1419-1481) | |||
| 49 | Iñigo de Guevara , Marquis del Vasto (d. 1462) | |||
| 50 | Pedro de Cardona , Count de Collesano (d. 1450) | |||
| 51 | Jean III de Lannoy (1410-1493) | In 1448–1462, the stathowder of Holland and Zealand | ||
| 52 | Jacques de Lalen (1421-1453) | |||
| 53 | Jean II de Neuchatel , Senior de Montague (c. 1438-1489) | In 1481 expelled from the order |
Ninth Chapter, The Hague, 1456
It opened in the parish church on May 2, after the 17th Order Day. The Count of Terreno, who was elected to the knights of Josiah Aquaviva , is absent from the official printed lists of the order, since he did not receive permission from his sovereign to join it. After the adoption of the new members, the meeting examined the crimes committed by the Burggrave of Utrecht Renault II van Brederode against the bishop of this city, David of Burgundy [9] .
| Diploma number | Emblem | Portrait | Name | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 54 | , Duke of Atri (d. 1462) | I did not receive permission from King Alphonse to join the order | ||
| 55 | Jean II of Burgundy , Earl of Nevers (1415-1491) | In 1468 expelled from the order | ||
| 56 | Antoine of Burgundy (1422-1504) | |||
| 57 | Adolph von Cleve (1425-1492) | 1477-1482 Captain-General Enot | ||
| 58 | Joao of Portugal , Duke of Coimbra (1431? - 1457) |
Tenth Chapter, Saint Omer, 1461
It opened on May 2 in the church of Saint-Bertin after the 18th Order Day. After the election of new knights, the congregation dealt with the conflict between the Count de Charolais and Philippe de Croix . The latter scored the largest number of votes after the six elected, and it was decided to accept him in the order, in case of refusal of entry by Prince Adolf Geldern [10] .
| Diploma number | Emblem | Portrait | Name | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 59 | Juan II of Aragon (1397-1479) | |||
| 60 | Adolph Egmont , Duke of Geldern (1438-1477) | |||
| 61 | Tiebo IX de Neuchatel (1413-1469) | Marshal of Burgundy | ||
| 62 | Philippe Pot , seigneur de la Roche de Nole (1428–1493) | In 1481 expelled from the order | ||
| 63 | Lodewick van Groothus (c. 1427-1492), Earl of Winchester | Between 1463 and 1477, the stathowder of Holland and Zealand | ||
| 64 | Guy de Roi , seigneur de Roi (d. 1463) |
Eleventh Chapter, Bruges, 1468
It opened on May 5 and lasted several weeks. Count Neversky , who sided with Louis XI during the War of the League of the Public Good , and accused of treason by the new great master Karl Smely, was expelled from the order. Refusing to appear at the assembly, on April 15 he sent his knight's chain to the duke. On May 14-15, new members were admitted to the order, after which the assembly dealt with disciplinary matters [11] .
| Diploma number | Emblem | Portrait | Name | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Karl the Bold (1433-1477) | Second Grand Master of the Order (1467-1477) | |||
| 65 | Edward IV English (1442-1483) | |||
| 66 | Louis de Chalon-Arles , seigneur de Chateau-Guillon (d. 1476) | |||
| 67 | Jean Dame , seigneur de Diguan (d. Before 1481) | |||
| 68 | Jacques de Bourbon (c. 1444-1468) | |||
| 69 | Jacques de Luxembourg-Linyi , Senior de Richard (c. 1420-1487) | In 1481 expelled from the order | ||
| 70 | Philip II of Savoy , Count de Bresse (1443–1497) | From 1496 the Duke of Savoy | ||
| 71 | Philippe de Crevcor (d. 1494) | Marshal of France , expelled from the order in 1481 | ||
| 72 | Claude de Montagu , Senior de Couchet (c. 1405-1470) |
Twelfth Chapter, Valenciennes, 1473
The last burgundy chapter opened on May 1 at the ducal residence. The meeting examined the behavior of Adolf Geldern and other cases of violation of order morality. On May 9, new knights were appointed, admitted to the order the next day. Francis II of Breton refused the order of the chain proposed to him [12] .
| Diploma number | Emblem | Portrait | Name | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 73 | Ferdinand II of Aragon (1452-1516) | |||
| 74 | Ferdinand I of Naples (1423-1494) | |||
| 75 | Jean de Roubampre (after 1430-1477) | Chamberlain Karl the Bold | ||
| 76 | Philippe de Croy , Count de Chimet (1434-1482) | 1474-1477 Gelderland stalgar | ||
| 77 | Jean de Luxembourg-Soissons , Count de Marl and de Soissons (c. 1436-1476) | |||
| 78 | Guy de Brimoeux , Senior de Ambercourt (c. 1434-1477) | |||
| 79 | Engelbert II von Nassau (1451-1504) | In 1501-1504, the governor general of the Netherlands |
Dignitaries of the Order
1. Chancellors :
- 1431-1461: Jean Germain (d. 1461), Bishop of Nevers 1430-1436, Bishop of Shalons 1436-1461
- 1461-1473: Guillaume Phillastreus the Younger (c. 1400-1473), Bishop of Verdun 1437-1448, Bishop of Tula 1448-1461, Bishop of Tournai 1461-1473
- 1473-1477: Ferry de Cluny (c. 1430-1483), Bishop of Tournai 1474-1483, from 1482 cardinal
2. Treasurers :
- 1431-1447: Guy Gilbo (d. 1447)
- 1447-1472: Peter Bladelin (c. 1408 - 1472)
- 1472-1477: Guillaume de Cluny (d. 1480), from 1479 Bishop of Poitiers , Chancellor of Louis XI
3. Secretaries-historiographers :
- 1431-1461: Jean Iber
- 1461-1491: Martin Steenberch (d. 1491), Secretary of Karl the Bold
4. Stamp kings :
- 1431-1468: Jean Lefebvre (c. 1395 - 1468), seigneur de Saint-Remy
- 1468-1492: Gilles Gobay (before 1430 - 1492)
Notes
- ↑ Reiffenberg, 1830 , p. 4-8.
- ↑ Reiffenberg, 1830 , p. 8-10.
- ↑ Reiffenberg, 1830 , p. 11-16.
- ↑ Reiffenberg, 1830 , p. 19-20.
- ↑ Reiffenberg, 1830 , p. 21-22.
- ↑ Reiffenberg, 1830 , p. 24-26.
- ↑ Reiffenberg, 1830 , p. 28-29.
- ↑ Reiffenberg, 1830 , p. 31-34.
- ↑ Reiffenberg, 1830 , p. 34-37.
- ↑ Reiffenberg, 1830 , p. 37-40.
- ↑ Reiffenberg, 1830 , p. 47-63.
- ↑ Reiffenberg, 1830 , p. 64-86.
Literature
- Die Protokollbücher des Ordens vom Goldenen Vlies
- Bd. 1. Herzog Philipp der Gute (1430-1467). - Stuttgart: Thorbecke, 2002. - ISBN 3-7995-7273-2
- Bd. 2. Das Fest im Jahr 1468 unter Herzog Karl dem Kühnen. - Ostfildern, 2003. - ISBN 3-7995-7912-5
- Bd. 3. Das Fest im Jahr 1473 in Valenciennes unter Herzog Karl dem Kühnen. - Ostfildern, 2009. - ISBN 978-3-7995-7919-3 .
- Gruben F. Les chapitres de la Toison d'or à l'époque bourguignonne (1430-1477). - Leuven: University Press, 1997. - ISBN 90-6186-746-0 [1]
- Kervyn de Lettenhove H., baron . La Toison d'or: notes sur l'institution et l'histoire de l'ordre (depuis l'année 1429 jusqu'à l'année 1559). - Bruxelles: G. van Oest, 1907 [2] ( compte rendu)
- Les chevaliers de l'ordre de la Toison d'or au XVe siècle: notices bio-bibliographiques, hg. von Raphael de Smedt. - Frankfurt 2000, ISBN 3-631-36017-7 .
- Liste nominale des chevaliers de l'ordre de la Toison d'or, depuis son institution jusqu'à nos jours // Das Haus Österreich und der Orden vom Goldenen Vlies. Hg. von der Ordenskanzlei. - Graz-Stuttgart: Leopold Stocker Verlag, 2007, S. 161–198. - ISBN 978-3-7020-1172-7
- Livre du toison d'or
- Maurice, Jean-Baptiste. Le blason des armoiries de tous les chevaliers de l'ordre de la Toison d'Or depuis la première institution jusques à present. - La Haye; Brusselles; Anvers: Jean Rammazeyn (La Haye); Lucas de Potter (Anvers), 1667.
- Reiffenberg FAFT, baron de. Histoire de l'ordre de la toison d'or, depuis son institution jusqu'a la cessation des chapitres generaux. - Bruxelles: Imprimerie normale, 1830. [3]
Links
See also
- List of Knights of the Habsburg Golden Fleece Order