Biryukov, Nikolai Zotovich

N.Z. Biryukov was born on February 1 (14), 1912 in Orekhovo-Zuyevo (now the Moscow Region ) into a large family of a textile worker. In 1919 , when the factory where Kolya's father worked stopped, the family moved to the Volga region , to the lower Syzran meadows. The events of the Civil War , the terrible drought of 1921 passed here before the eyes of the future writer. The impressions of these years were subsequently reflected in the novel On the Farms (1938).

In 1922, the Biryukovs returned to Orekhovo-Zuevo , and here 10-year-old Nikolai, together with a group of his comrades, participated in the organization of one of the first pioneer detachments in the USSR. In 1925, he joined the Komsomol and began working in the factory, combining production work with the active Komsomol. A great impression on the future writer was made by the speech of I.V. Stalin with an appeal to master science and special knowledge at the VIII Congress of the Komsomol in 1928 . Until 1931 he studied at the Faculty of Economics of the textile mill, at the Moscow Workers' School named after M.I. Kalinin and in the construction college.

In the fall of 1930, N.Z. Biryukov worked on the construction of one of the buildings of the Dulevo plant . Suddenly, subsoil water gushed into the pit. Eliminating the accident, young Komsomol members worked in ice water. Soon after this, N.Z. Biryukov fell ill and at age 18 remained bedridden forever, retaining only the mobility of his hands. The publications of that time reported on exposing and punishing “criminal criminals” who belonged to the Trotsky-Zinoviev opposition , who allegedly did not intentionally render the necessary assistance to the Komsomol activist.

In 1931, N.Z. Biryukov decided to take up writing (not yet knowing about Nikolai Ostrovsky ). In 1932, at the All-Union Competition of Young Poets, he was awarded the second prize for the poem "Do not count victories!" In 1936-1940, the young writer studied in absentia at the Gorky Literary Institute , while studying at the Institute of Foreign Languages. In 1938, in the journal October, his first novel, On Farms, was published.

During the Great Patriotic War, the author writes stories and essays about the heroism and courage of Soviet people. Many of them (“Before the breath of death”, “Discipline of the heart”, “Russian eyes”, “Song in the forest”, etc.) are widely used. In the fall of 1942, he begins to write the novel "The Seagull" about Lisa Chaykina . The book was published in early 1945 and gained immense popularity, including at the front. The novel was translated into many languages ​​of the peoples of the USSR, and also published in the socialist countries of eastern Europe.

In 1949, the writer’s new novel, Water of Naryn , was published about the construction of the Great Fergana Canal named after IV Stalin . In order to write this book, he had to travel around almost all of Central Asia in a special stroller. The novel in the spirit of that time shows the nationality of the construction industry, its great importance for the socialist reorganization of the economy, life and culture of the peoples of Central Asia; The leading role of the Communist Party is shown, raising the people to the solution of the task of transforming nature. In the summer of 1951, N.Z. Biryukov again went on a creative business trip. The writer visited the Krasnoye Sormovo plant , GAZ named after V.M. Molotov , and the construction of the Kuibyshev hydroelectric station . As a result of this trip, a book of essays “On Peaceful Land” ( 1952 ) was written. In 1959, N.Z. Biryukov wrote the historical and revolutionary novel "Through hostile vortices."

He spent the last 10 years of his life in Crimea . The writer died in Simferopol on January 31, 1966 .

• Stalin Prize of the third degree (1951) - for the novel "The Seagull" (1945)
• Order of the Red Banner of Labor (11.24.1960)
• Order of the Badge of Honor
• Medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945."
• medal "In memory of the 800th anniversary of Moscow" (1947)
• Prize named after N. A. Ostrovsky (1968) ( posthumous )

• In Yalta, there is the Literary and Memorial House Museum of N.Z. Biryukov (a branch of the Yalta Historical and Literary Museum).
• A street in Orekhovo-Zuyevo , asteroid 2477 Biryukov , and the ship Nikolay Biryukov (project 1430) were named in his honor.
• MOU Secondary School No. 20 of Orekhovo-Zuevo, on which the bust of the writer is mounted, bears his name. ^[one]

1. ↑ On assignment of the name of N.Z. Biryukov to the Municipal educational institution of secondary school No. 20 (inaccessible link)

.

• In 1981, a labeled envelope of the USSR with the image of the writer was issued.

• “On the Farmsteads” 1938
• The Seagull 1945
• "Waters of Naryn" 1949
• “On Peaceful Land” 1952
• “Through hostile vortices” 1959
• “On Steep Passes”, vols. 1–4, 1965–1967
• “Fate is in your hands” Collection - M .: Young Guard, 1984

• Zharikov L., Ershov G., Kotov M. "Our Contemporary - Nikolai Biryukov." - M., 1967.
• I.E. Burkova. "I should". - M.: Mol. Guard, 1983 .-- 272 p.
• Solovyova N. A. "Nikolai Biryukov. An Essay on Life and Creativity ”- Kiev: Lybid, 1991 ISBN 5-11-001684-4

• page of the N.Z. Biryukov Literary and Memorial House-Museum in Yalta on the site of the Yalta Historical and Literary Museum
• asteroid 2477 Biryukov
• illustrations for the book "The Seagull" and a portrait
• article on the website of the Russian Red Cross
• page on the website of the museum. N. A. Ostrovsky
• House Museum in Yalta