Delirium

The city of Breda was founded in the X century at the confluence of the navigable rivers Mark and Aa ^[2] . In the XI century was a feud of the Holy Roman Empire . The first overlord of Breda, whose name has survived to this day, was Heinrich Brunesheim (1080-1125). In 1252, Breda received the rights of the city, after which it got the opportunity to build fortifications, and Breda was surrounded by a fortress wall.

In 1327, Adelheid Haverrensko-Bredskaya sold Breda to the Duke of Brabant, Jean III . In 1350, the city was resold to John II of Wassenarski, who died in 1377. In 1403, his heiress Johanna Polanenskaya (1392-1445) married Engelbert I of Nassau. Thus, Breda became the possession of the Nassau house and remained in this status until 1795.

When Breda became the residence of the Oransko-Nassau dynasty , it attracted other nobles to the city, who built their residences in the old quarters. In 1534, Henry III of Nassau-Bredsky rebuilt the city fortifications. In 1534, a huge fire destroyed 90% of the city, including churches, chapels and the town hall; only about 150 houses and the main church remain.

During the Eighty Years War, Breda was taken in 1581 by an unexpected blow from the Flemish-Spanish forces commanded by Claude de Burlemont. The troops expressed their fury on the inhabitants of the city, killing about 500 people. In 1590, the city was taken by Moritz Nassauski , whose 68 pikemen made their way into the city by water, hiding under a load of peat, during the siege of Breda . In 1625, after a ten-month siege, the city ​​surrendered to the Spaniards under the command of Spinola , which was captured by Velazquez in his famous masterpiece . In 1637, after a four-month siege, Breda was captured by Frederick Heinrich of Orange , and in 1648, according to the Peace of Westphalia , it finally departed to the Republic of the United Provinces .

The English king Charles II spent in Breda most of his exile during the time of the Cromwell Republic and the Protectorate , as his sister Maria was the widow of William II . In 1660, Charles II set out the conditions for his return to England in the Breds Declaration .

In 1667, the Bred Agreement was signed in Bred , putting an end to the Second Anglo-Dutch War . In 1746-1748, the Bred Congress took place here, at which English and French diplomats tried to put an end to the war for the Austrian inheritance .

In 1795, French troops entered Breda, bringing with them the ideas of the French Revolution. The new government abolished the old estates; in particular, the barony of Breda went down in history. On December 9, 1813, during the campaign of 1813, the fortress of Breda was taken by a detachment of Russian Major General Benckendorf .

In addition to the city of Breda itself, the community of Breda also includes the villages of Prinsenbek, Bavel, Teteringen, Ulvenhout and Effen.

In the city are based:

• professional football club NAK Breda , acting in the top division of the championship of the Netherlands ;
• professional kickboxing and MMA club - Golden Glory .

According to one version, Breda (or the nearby village of Bregel) is the birthplace (between 1525 and 1530) of the famous Dutch painter Peter Brueghel the Elder ^{[3] [4]} .

January 17, 1969 in the city of Breda was born Theis Verwest ( Dutch. Tijs Verwest ), musician and DJ Tiësto ^[5] .

September 4, 1969 was born Ramon Dekkers , a tayboxer, world champion in Muay Thai. The first foreigner recognized in Thailand as the "Best Tayboxer of the Year."

Dutch DJ and producer Hardwell is also a native of Breda.

On July 8, 1991, a Dutch football player of Surinamese origin, Virgil Van Dyck , was born here.

• Breda, the city and the fortress // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.

• breda.nl (nid.) - The official website of Breda