The Gallican rite ( lat. Ritus Gallicanus ) is one of the ancient Western liturgical rites practiced in the 4th-8th centuries in Gaul , which subsequently arose on its territory the Frankish kingdom , as well as in other regions of Western Europe. Under Charlemagne , it was decided to abandon the Gallican rite and go to the Roman rite . Certain elements of the rite were transferred to the liturgical practice of the Roman rite.
Content
Origin
According to one version, the rite, called the Gallican, originated in Antioch, and then in the IV century through Milan penetrated the West [1] .
Palmer, in Origines liturgicae, put forward the theory that the Gallican rite first appeared in Lyon from Ephesus as a result of the activities of Saints Pofina and Irenaeus , who learned about the rite from St. Polycarp . According to another theory, which sees the prototype of the rite in the letter of Pope Innocent I Detsenti from Gubbio, the center of the Gallican rite was Milan .
Features
The main liturgical holidays in the ritual were Matins (“Ad Matutinam”, “Matutinum”) and Vespers (Lucernaria - “ad Vesperas Lucernarium”, “ad Duodecimam”). The main source on the history of the Gallican Mass is the letters of Saint Herman of Paris (555-576), on the basis of which her rank was restored, including, for example, the introit with the antiphone singing and the phrase “Dominus sit semper vobiscum”, which is considered the Mozarabic form “Dominus vobiscum ”, and canteens , where the Greek variant“ Holy, holy, holy ”(“ Αγίος, αγίος, αγίος ”) was sung, and Lent -“ Sanctus Deus angelorum ”. Other features of the Gallican Mass — the singing of the Song of Zechariah after the Kyrie prayer, the diptychs and the greeting of the world preceded the anaphora , the text of the anaphora itself changed depending on the calendar.
The church year began with Advent [2]
In the 20th century in France, individual Orthodox communities of the Western rite attempted to revive the Gallican rite [3] .
Gallican Mass
- Introit
- Anthem
- Kyrie
- Reading the Old Testament, the Epistles of the Apostles and the Gospel.
- Sermon
- Leave announced.
- Offertory
- Sanctus
- Our Father
- Blessing
- Participle
Literature
- "Gallikansky rite" // Catholic Encyclopedia . Ed. Franciscans. T.1. M.: 2002
Notes
Links
- Jenner, Henry. "The Gallican Rite." // The Catholic Encyclopedia . Vol. 6. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1909. (English)
- A. Slesarev. Western Rite Orthodoxy: The Historic Path from Church Mission to Schism
- The succession of the ilk in the saints of our father Herman, Bishop of Paris, Gallican Divine Liturgy. Edited by Abbot Siluan (Tumanov)