Kamyshevatskaya

The village is located on the coast of the Sea of ​​Azov , at the base of the Kamyshevatskaya Spit , in the steppe zone, 38 km south-west of the city of Yeysk .

Climate

The climate of Kamyshevatskaya is temperate, with a cool, without stable snow cover in the winter and hot, long summers. Air temperature is slightly higher than in Yeisk .

The birth of the village

The reed village was founded by runaway serfs from Ukraine and from Russia in 1778 .

In 1798, during a detour by atamans of the Azov coast, the Kamyshev settlement was discovered and assigned to the Cossack district. So, the population of the village of Kamyshevoy, who lived freely for 20 years, began to officially appear as residents of the Kamyshevatsky smoking area, which was formed back in 1774 . In 1848, the chicken was renamed into the village of Kamyshevatskaya. Thus, the village of Kamyshevatskaya was considered founded in 1848 on the coast of the Sea of ​​Azov, within the Yeisk District of the Black Sea region, the region of the Black Sea Cossack army.

155 years ago, for the inhabitants of the Azov region, 1848 was a special year. This year, August 19 , as a big holiday, with great triumph celebrated their foundation, the city of Yeisk, art. Kamyshevatskaya and Art. Dolzhanskaya. Representatives of many southern cities came to this holiday. The governor of the Caucasus M.S. Vorontsov came to the feast. During the celebration, benefits were announced to those who wish to live in the new port city. The Cossacks of the village of Kamyshevatekoy and the village of Dolzhanskoy met the founding of the city with restraint, since they still did not know what relations would develop with the first port of Azov. For this event, more than a thousand people lived in the village of Kamyshevatekoy. The command of the Black Sea Cossack army in 1849 required a description of the village. Reading this document, we learn that there are 1,048 people, of whom 589 are male and 468 female. (Regional State Archive. Volume 1. Page 249. Edition 1895). Of all the inhabitants of the village, there was 1 chief officer , 5 officers. It is characteristic that by that time there were also retired in the village: an officer-in-charge - 1, officers - 3, Cossacks - 29. A rich officer - Chinchikovsky was the village ataman. In the description in 1849 the number of cattle is indicated in the village: horses - 157 heads, oxen - 322 heads, cattle - 607 heads, sheep - 3675 heads.

Archival documents say that when the huts were built by the turret, the roofs were covered with reeds, then the houses were built from turf, which was very viscous and hardened in the sun. The inhabitants of the village were engaged in agriculture, fishing. The ever increasing demand for bread caused a sharp increase in sown area. This is clearly seen in the example of our village Kamyshevatskaya.

• In 1870, 4155 acres were sown under crops.
• In 1873, 6640 acres were already sown.
• In 1880, 10,000 acres were sown.
• In 1883 - 17,369 acres.

(Kuban collection of 1883, volume 1, p. 835).

The main tool for harvesting was a scythe, and it existed for a long time. Harvesting machines, horse mowers in Yeisk district appeared in 1879. They were very expensive and inaccessible even to rich merchants. There were four such reapers in county 4. (Kuban collection 1883, volume 1, p. 440).

Plows began to appear in Yeisk district in the 80s, but they were also expensive. In 1878 in Kamyshevatskaya there were only 20 plows, 509 horses, 918 oxen, 2136 heads of cattle, 599 yards of sheep, there were 7887 heads of sheep. The population was 3259 people, of whom 1730 were males and 1529 were females. There were 6 modern districts in Yeisk district: Yeisk, Scherbinovsky, Starominsky, Leningradsky, Pavlovsky, Kushchevsky. The village of Kamyshevatskaya was born with Yeisk. And with him she is among the old residents of the Kuban. Many settlements of the region, for example: Maykop, Kropotkin, are even younger than our village.

First Settlers

Until the end of the 18th century, Priazovye remained sparsely populated. The population on the sea braids existed before the foundation of the village, since peasants, Cossacks from other villages have long settled here in small farms and were engaged in fishing. These were runaway Russian peasants fleeing from overwhelming landlord oppression.

In 1848, these settlements were strengthened by immigrants who came to Black Sea from Little Russia and were transformed into villages: Kamyshevatskaya and Dolzhanskaya. (Kuban collection. Volume 1, p. 343. Yekaterinodar, 1883) Peasants settled along the banks where there was game, fish, in order to somehow feed themselves. Most of the Kuban villages were settled according to the plan, based on approximately 300 families per page, so that each village could supply a certain number of combat-ready Cossacks. It was planned to resettle 200 families from the Poltava and Chernihiv provinces in the village of Kamyshevatskaya, since before the arrival of the immigrants, Cossacks lived in the villages and at the same time resettled from the villages of Shcherbinovsky and Derevyankovskaya, including 230 souls of men and 226 female souls, i.e. 91 families. They were also ranked as the new village of Kamyshevatskaya.

Since 1877, reinforced settlement began. The village stretched for 5 km and a width of 1 km. The population reached 12 thousand people, mainly from the Kuban Cossacks and nonresident peasants. Residents were engaged in agriculture, cattle breeding, fishing.

Article from ESBE :

Kamyshevatskaya - station of Yeisk Dep. Kuban region Living 4835. 3 schools, manufactory shops 10, groceries 5, mills 32; a barbecue establishment, cooperage, creamery 3; Bazaars are weekly.

In the years 1935-1953, Kamyshevatskaya was the center of the Kamyshevatsky district .

March 20, 2007 in a boarding house for the elderly and disabled, located in Kamyshevatskaya, a major fire occurred, during which 62 people died. ^[2]

• The 19th-century windmill is an architectural monument ^[3] , one of the last windmills in the Krasnodar Territory, burned down in the early 2000s. ^[four]

• Fishing.
• Travel business.

In the village was born Pashkova, Julia Fedorovna (1923-1943).