The Budukh language or the Budug language (self-designation Budad Mez ) is the Budukh language. It is widespread as a language of everyday communication in several villages of the Cuban and Khachmas regions of Azerbaijan , mainly in the villages of Budug , Delhi-Kaya , Pirusti , Yalavanj and others. The number of speakers in the Budukh language is about 5 thousand people (1994 estimate).
| Budukh language | |
|---|---|
| Self name | Budad mez |
| Country | Azerbaijan |
| Total number of speakers | 5000 ( 1994 ) [1] |
| Status | |
| Classification | |
| Category | Languages of Eurasia |
North Caucasian superfamily (not recognized)
| |
| Language Codes | |
| ISO 639-1 | - |
| ISO 639-2 | - |
| ISO 639-3 | bdk |
| WALS | |
| Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger | |
| Ethnologue | |
| ELCat | |
| IETF | |
| Glottolog | |
The Budukh language is one of the Lezgi languages , closest to the Crimean language , with which it makes up the Shahdag subgroup . There are no dialects.
There are 9 (according to other estimates, 10) vowels and 34 (37) consonant phonemes. Vowel harmony is prevalent in a number of cases primarily in nominal declination. The noun has 4 classes of nominal. The special plural affix -ri expresses the meaning of limited plurality (up to one dozen). The system of cases includes 6 main (including committives and scoping) and, according to various estimates, 4-6 spatial cases. The expression of the alienated ( genitive ) and inalienable (locative) belonging is different. In the formation of the verb stems of the perfect and imperfect kinds, the root vowels (apophony), as well as infixes and suffixes (-r-, -l-, -n-) are widely used. The influence of the Azerbaijani language on the Budukh language is significant, primarily in vocabulary.
Content
Writing
At the beginning of the XXI century, Azerbaijani specialists developed the alphabet for the Budukh language. Attempts are being made to introduce it in Budukh schools. The alphabet has the following form [3] : A a, Ä ä, B b, C c, Ç ç, Ç 'ç', D d, E e, Ә ә, F f, G g, Ğ ğ, Ğh ğh, H h, Hh hh, X x, Xh xh, I ı, İ i, J j, K k, K 'k', Q q, Q 'q', Qh qh, L l, M m, N n, O o , Ö ö, P p, P 'p', R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, T 't', Ts' ts', U u, Ü ü, V v, Y y, Z z, ' . In 2017, the “Picture Dictionary of the Budukh Language” was published, which used a slightly different version of the alphabet [4] [5] : A a, Ä ä, B b, C c, Ç ç, Ç 'ç', D d, E e, Ә ә, F f, G g, Ğ ğ, H h, Ħ ħ, I ı, İ i, J j, K k, K 'k', L l, M m, N n, O o, Ö ö, P p, P 'p', Q q, Q 'q', Qh qh, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, T 't', Ts 'ts', U u, Ü ü, V v, X x, Xh xh, Y y, Z z, ʕ, ', ˚ .
Notes
- ↑ Budukh language / T.A. Maysak // Big Russian Encyclopedia : [in 35 vol.] / Ch. ed. Yu.S. Osipov . - M .: Great Russian Encyclopedia, 2004—2017.
- ↑ UNESCO Red Book of Languages
- ↑ Ufuq-S and Buduq Orthography Development (inaccessible link)
- ↑ Budano Mezo Şikilbezin Lüğət . - Buduq.
- ↑ Azərbaycanda buduq dilində şəkilli lüğət nəşr olunub (azerb.) Ethno Globus (January 3, 2019). Date of treatment March 30, 2019.
Literature
Grammar Essays
- Desheriev Yu. D. Budukh language // Languages of the peoples of the USSR T. 4.M., 1967 .
- Alekseev M. Budukh // Indigenous languages of the Caucasus. V. 4, P. 2. Delmar; NY, 1994 .
- Sheikhov E. M. Budukh language // World Languages: Caucasian Languages. M., 1999 .
- Talibov B. B. Budukh language. M .: Academia, 2007 . - 324 p. ISBN 978-5-87444-266-8
Language situation
- Clifton J. et al. The sociolinguistic situation of the Budukh in Azerbaijan // Studies in languages of Azerbaijan. SIL International, 2002 . Vol. one.
Links
- Budukh language at Ethnologue
- John M. Clifton, Gabriela Deckinga, Laura Lucht, Janfer Mak, and Calvin Tiessen. The Sociolinguistic Situation of the Budukh in Azerbaijan. SIL International, 2005
Literature
- Meylanova U. A. Buduh-Russian dictionary. M., 1984 .