Mikhail Osipovich Mikeshin ( February 9 [21], 1835 , the village of Maksimkovo [2] , Smolensk province - January 19 [31], 1896 , St. Petersburg ) is a Russian artist and sculptor , author of several outstanding monuments in major cities of the Russian Empire .
| Mikhail Osipovich Mikeshin | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | |
| Place of Birth | Maksimkovo village, Roslavl district , Smolensk province |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
| A country | |
| Genre | sculpture, painting, graphics |
| Study | He graduated from the three-year district school of Roslavl, IAH in St. Petersburg. He studied in the class of battle painting by B.P. Villevalde, sculpting by the sculptor I.N. Schroeder |
| Style | academic, characteristic of the second half of the XIX century) |
| Patrons | Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna |
| Awards |   |
| Ranks | Academician of IAH (1869) |
| Awards | pension IAH |
Biography
Mikhail Osipovich Mikeshin was born on February 9 (21), 1835 in the village of Maksimkovo [2] of the Smolensk province near Roslavl . He studied in Smolensk with a local icon painter [3] . In 1852 he entered the Imperial Academy of Arts , where he studied in the class of battle painting under the guidance of B.P. Villevalde . In 1858 he graduated with honors from the Academy of Arts , receiving a large gold medal for the painting "Tilly's Entry into Magdeburg." The romantic interpretation of patriotic themes that appeared during his studies brought him the attention of the royal family and Mikeshin was invited to teach the drawing of the Grand Duchesses.
Despite the fact that Mikeshin was, first of all, a battle fighter, the draft of the Millennium Monument of Russia he presented in Veliky Novgorod won the competition ( 1859 ) and was accepted for execution [4] .
After that, M.O. Mikeshin received many more such orders. The monuments created by his projects to Kuzma Minin in Nizhny Novgorod , Admiral Greig in Nikolaev and Alexander II in Rostov-on-Don became an illustration of the official formula "autocracy-Orthodoxy-nationality." Mikeshin’s projects won in international competitions, his projects were completed: the monument to Pedro IV in Lisbon and the monument to the Serbian prince Mikhail Obrenovich in Belgrade [5] .
Few Mikeshin monuments survived the years of Soviet power. Among them are the Monument to Catherine II ( 1873 ) and Bogdan Khmelnitsky in Kiev ( 1888 ), Yermak in Novocherkassk ( 1904 ) and the already mentioned monument of the millennium of Russia in Veliky Novgorod .
In 1876 - 1878, Mikeshin edited the satirical journal “The Bee” . He published his cartoons there, and also published illustrations in the Veselchak magazine for the works of N. V. Gogol and T. G. Shevchenko .
In 1892, together with F.F. von-Kanaloshy-Lefler, the future chairman, M.O. Mikeshin became one of the main founders of the first Espero Society (Esperanto) ("Hope") officially recognized by the Government (MIA) in St. Petersburg. Possessing the rights to establish branches throughout the country and engage in publishing, this society played an important role in the spread of Esperanto in Russia.
In 1890, Mikhail Mikeshin created sketches of playing cards . Drawn sketches of cards included in the collection of the Russian Museum and recorded in the book of acquisitions as "a draft of playing cards for the Imperial Card Factory ." The series was received in the museum collection in 1903 as a “gift of Nicholas II .” However, the drawings themselves were never in the possession of the royal family. The imperial card factory this deck was never printed [6] .
Mikhail Osipovich Mikeshin died on January 31, 1896 in St. Petersburg . He was buried at the Nikolsky cemetery of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra .
Works
Monument to the Millennium of Russia
in Veliky Novgorod (1862)Monument to Catherine II
in St. Petersburg (1873)Monument to Bogdan Khmelnitsky in Kiev (1888)
Monument to Alexander II
in Rostov-on-Don (1890)
Memory
- October 4, 1985 , the year of the 150th anniversary of the sculptor’s birth, a monument to Mikeshin was unveiled at the Art Gallery in Smolensk .
Notes
- ↑ Mikeshin Mikhail Osipovich // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ed. A. M. Prokhorov - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia , 1969.
- ↑ 1 2 In a number of sources ( [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] ) the place of birth indicates Platonovo Roslavl district.
- ↑ Valuev D.V. Mikhail Osipovich Mikeshin - the great son of the land of the Roslavl
- ↑ In order to lead the implementation of the project, Mikeshin began to study sculpture technique from I.N. Schroeder .
- ↑ Maslova E. N. Monument to the Millennium of Russia. - L .: Lenizdat, 1972. - S. 42. - 102 p. - 100,000 copies.
- ↑ Russian Card Society . Yu.Demidenko. "Playing cards in the" Russian style "." Date of treatment September 29, 2015.
Literature
- Mikeshin, Mikhail Osipovich // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Mikeshin: Album / Aut. A.N. Savinov. - M .: Invent. Claim, 1971. - 40 p.
- Mikeshin Mikhail Osipovich // Great Soviet Encyclopedia (unavailable link) (unavailable link from 06/14/2016 [1170 days])
- Russian Biographical Dictionary : In 25 volumes / under the supervision of A. A. Polovtsov. 1896-1918. Mikeshin Mikhail Osipovich
- Tsekhanovskaya O.K. Work of M.O. Mikeshin commissioned by the Ministry of the Sea. Models of nasal figures // Scientific works. V. 28. Problems of development of edema. lawsuit / PAX; St. Petersburg state. Acad. Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture I. E. Repina; scientific ed. V.A. Lenyashin , comp. O. A. Reznitskaya, A. I. Shamankova. - SPb. , 2014. - No. Jan. - March . - S. 80-89 . - ISSN 1998-2453 .
- Fedorenkov E. Mikhail Mikeshin. Sculptor of the Russian state // Gzhatsky Bulletin: newspaper. - 2015. - No. of August 27 .
- S. N. Kondakov. Anniversary Directory of the Imperial Academy of Arts. 1764-1914 . - St. Petersburg: Partnership R. Golike and A. Vilborg, 1915. - T. 2. - S. 263. - 454 p.