Mononeuritis is an isolated disease of a single nerve that can be caused by traumatic injury: injury (which can lead to partial or complete separation of the nerve trunk), compression (for example, due to dislocation of the head of the joint, due to plaster bandages, crutches, bone tumors, expansion arteries, etc.; this also includes paralysis of the radial nerve); inflammation spreading from neighboring tissues (for example, due to an injection of an irritating substance near a nerve). In exceptional cases, neuritis can be the result of true inflammation of the nerve caused by pathogens that have penetrated the blood or lymph.
Classification
- facial nerve neuritis
- neuritis of the median nerve
- radial neuritis
- ulnar neuritis
- peroneal neuritis
- neuritis of the tibial nerve
Symptoms
With neuritis of the facial nerve, the facial muscles of the affected side of the face lose their motor functions. The main symptom of neuritis of the median nerve is a deterioration in the sensitivity of the phalanges of the fingers, the inability to bend the hand into a fist. Accompanied by severe pain and trophic changes. With neuritis of the radial nerve, it is impossible to bend the hand. Sensitivity is practically not lost. Neuritis of the ulnar nerve is characterized by a decrease in the sensitivity of the hand. The patient cannot bend his fingers in the phalanges. With neuritis of the peroneal nerve, it is impossible to straighten the foot and fingers, stand on the heel. The defeat of the tibial nerve entails the inability to bend the foot and fingers, stand on the toe. In the last two cases, sensitivity is disturbed and the muscles of the affected area atrophy.
In most cases, the diagnosis of mononeuritis is not difficult. To determine the diagnosis are used:
- X-ray examination;
- CT scan;
- electrodiagnosis.
Treatment of Mononeuritis
The complex of procedures depends on the severity of the disease and is selected individually. Such treatment methods as physiotherapy, massage, physical education, acupuncture are used. Surgical intervention is not ruled out.