Yashin, Lev Ivanovich

early years

Lev Ivanovich Yashin was born on October 22, 1929 in Moscow , in the Bogorodskoye area . Leo's father, Ivan Petrovich, a highly qualified mechanic ^[14] , worked as a grinder at a defense aircraft factory in Tushino , his mother, Anna Mitrofanovna, worked at the Krasny Bogatyr plant. Yashins lived as one big family with brothers and sisters Anna Mitrofanovna in house number 15 on Millionnaya street . In the courtyard of the house, local children, including Lev Yashin, constantly played football, games continued in the spring, summer and autumn, in any weather, in the dark. In these yard games, Yashin received the first goalkeeper experience ^[15] . In winter, the children themselves poured an ice rink on which they played ball hockey . In addition to football and hockey, children were interested in bast shoes and ski jumping, in the role of which sheds acted. Yashin recalled this childhood hobby: “They fell, hurt themselves, filled up huge bruises, but they learned to stay on their feet, not to be afraid of heights, to control their bodies.” Lev Ivanovich believed that such physical exercises prepared him well for adult sports, and he attributed the high injuries of other major league players to the fact that “they ran a little, jumped, fought, played football, skated, climbed trees in childhood " ^[16] .

The beginning of the Great Patriotic War found the 11-year-old Leva near Podolsk - with relatives, to whom her parents sent her son for a summer vacation. In October, the defense plant, where Ivan Petrovich worked, was evacuated to Ulyanovsk ; the whole family moved there, so Yashin celebrated his twelfth birthday by unloading a train with factory machines ^[15] . He went to work at this plant, becoming the apprentice locksmith in the spring of 1943. At the age of 16, Lev Yashin received the first award of the Motherland - the medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945" ^[14] .

Sports career

Yashins returned to Moscow in 1944. Leo, while continuing to work at the factory, devoted all his free time to his favorite game, speaking as a goalkeeper for the Tushin national team. At 18, he was drafted into the army. He served in Moscow, and here he was noticed by the coach of Dynamo football club (Moscow) A. I. Chernyshev , who invited him to the club’s youth team. And in the spring of 1949, Yashin became the third goalkeeper of the main team - the understudy of Alexei Khomich and Walter Sanay . ^[17] Since then, Lev Yashin played only for this club, until the end of his football career in 1971.

At the beginning of his sports career, Yashin also played ice hockey (from 1950 to 1953). In 1953, he became the owner of the USSR Hockey Cup and the bronze medalist of the USSR Championship , also acting as a goalkeeper. Before the 1954 hockey world championship, he was a candidate for the USSR national team , but decided to concentrate on football.

In the early 1950s, the main goalkeeper of Dynamo was Alexey Khomich, whom the fans nicknamed Tiger. Only since 1953, Yashin firmly took first place at the gates of Dynamo.

Together with his club, Lev Yashin five times (1954, 1955, 1957, 1959 and 1963) became the champion of the USSR and three times won the USSR Cup in football.

Since 1954, Yashin is the goalkeeper of the USSR national team , for which he spent 74 matches. Together with the national team in 1956, Yashin won the Olympic Games in Melbourne , the 1960 European Cup .

In 1959, he spent ^[18] three friendly matches ^[19] , playing for the “ Torpedo ”.

As part of the national team, he played three times in the final stage of the World Cup : in 1958 in Sweden , in 1962 in Chile and in 1966 in England . The highest achievement in the world championships is fourth in the 1966 championship. Yashin was also declared the third goalkeeper at the 1970 World Cup in Mexico , but did not participate directly in the games.

October 23, 1963 in London , at the Wembley Stadium , Lev Yashin played for the world team against England in the famous "Match of the Century", dedicated to the centenary of English football (the match was won 2-1 by the British; although Yashin did not miss a single goal who replaced him at the goal in the second half, Yugoslav Milutin Shoshkich twice pulled the ball out of his goal) ^[20] . Throughout the world, Yashin was called either “Black Panther ” (for its always black goalkeeper uniform, its mobility and acrobatic jumps), or “Black Spider ” (for its long, all-reaching hands) ^[21] .

In 1963, Yashin received the prize of the best football player in Europe - the Golden Ball from the France Football weekly.

On May 27, 1971, at the Central Lenin Stadium in Moscow, in the presence of 103 thousand spectators, a farewell match of Lev Yashin took place. In this match, the team of clubs of the all-union sports community Dynamo (masters from Moscow, Kiev and Tbilisi participated in the match) played against the world stars team, for which Eusebio , Bobby Charlton , Gerd Muller and many others played. Leaving the field during the match, Yashin handed his gloves to the 23-year-old goalkeeper Vladimir Pilgui (however, Pilgui himself later denied this in an interview), symbolically appointing him his successor to Dynamo ^[22] . The match ended with the score 2: 2, and Pilgui took his place at the Dynamo goal for the next 11 years.

On August 31 of that year, Yashin again entered the field; this time he defended the gates of the team of “stars” of the world in a match with the Italian team (which won the match with a score of 4: 2) ^[23] .

After completing a gaming career

After the completion of his football career, L. Yashin in 1967 graduated from the school of trainers at the State Central Institute of Physical Culture ( GTsOLIFK ). The head of the Dynamo team (in 1971 - April 1975). After the tragedy with the young talented footballer A.E. Kozhemyakin, Yashin was accused of "weakening moral education." He went to work at the Central Council of Dynamo Society, where he was Deputy Head of the Football and Hockey Department of CS Dynamo (from May 1975 to October 1976). Then he was the deputy for educational work of the head of the Directorate of Football of the USSR Sports Committee (from October 1976 to 1984), at the same time he was deputy chairman of the Football Federation of the USSR (from 1981 to 1989).

In 1985 he returned to his native society, becoming a senior trainer in the educational work of the CS of the company ^[24] . He worked as a coach of the second national team of the USSR and, for some time, of children's teams.

After 50 years, Yashin began gangrene of his left leg, caused by obliterating endarteritis due to intense smoking . In 1984, the leg was amputated . After the operation, he continued to smoke. According to Mark Zaychik , in 1989, during the visit of the veteran team to Israel , Yashin received a “very good prosthesis ” for free ^[25] .

March 18, 1990 Lev Yashin was awarded the title Hero of Socialist Labor . He stayed in this status for only two days and died on Tuesday, March 20; the cause of death was stomach cancer , complicated by the consequences of obliterating endarteritis.

He was buried at the Vagankovskoye cemetery .

In the early 1950s, a new way of playing at the exits began to spread among goalkeepers, throughout the penalty area, which Yashin took over and developed. One of the first goalkeepers who mastered the game outside the goalie was Walter Sanaya, who was considered Yashin’s teacher in Dynamo, as well as the player of the Bulgarian national team . In the early 1950s, an attempt by the goalkeeper to play as a defender was considered in the USSR as an inept distraction from the main duty to protect the goal frame. Dynamo coach and national team Mikhail Yakushin had to listen to notations in the USSR Sports Committee for the circus in Yashin’s game ^[26] .

In the early 1960s, the new style began to spread everywhere - along with the successes of the USSR national team and its goalkeeper. Experts recognized that the game over the entire penalty area performed by Yashin was successful due to his ability to read the game and, in part, the possession of defender skills. He could simultaneously control the ball and choose a partner for the pass. One of the first he began to practice kicking the ball in acute situations, instead of trying to fix it, as was customary in the old school ^[27] .

As it was believed by experts, Yashin was inferior in reaction and jumping to Khomich . Lev Filatov noted that Yashin was very successfully built for the goalkeeper, had long arms and was well coordinated. Nevertheless, the basis of Yashin's success was not physical data, but the ability to predict the actions of the enemy and to be in advance where it is easiest to pick up the ball ^[26] .

• Wife - Valentina Timofeevna;
• Daughter - Irina;
• Daughter - Elena;
• Yashin’s grandson - Vasily Frolov (born February 22, 1986) was also a football goalkeeper: he played for the Dynamo backup team, Dynamo and Zelenograd in St. Petersburg, completed his career in 2009, worked as a physical education teacher, and later became a coach of a children's football team . In the spring of 2012, he worked at two matches of the youth championship of Russia as an assistant referee ^[28] .

Team

  Dynamo (hockey club)

• USSR Cup Winner: 1953
• USSR Championship bronze medalist: 1953

  Dynamo (football club)

• USSR Champion ( 5 ): 1954 , 1955 , 1957 , 1959 , 1963
• USSR Cup Winner ( 3 ): 1953 , 1967 , 1970
• Silver medalist of the USSR championship ( 5 ): 1956 , 1958 , 1962 , 1967 , 1970
• USSR Championship bronze medalist: 1960

  USSR national team

• Olympic champion (Melbourne, 1956)
• European Cup Winner (France, 1960)
• Silver medalist of the European Cup : 1964
• Bronze medalist (for 4th place) of the World Cup (London, 1966)

Personal

• Winner of the Golden Ball as the best football player in Europe according to France Football : 1963
• 11 times recognized as the best goalkeeper of the USSR
• The list of the best football players of the season in the USSR is 16 times, including No. 1 (1955-1966 and 1968) - 13 times, No. 2 (1953), No. 3 (1969) and non-military (1967)
• Lev Yashin - the best goalkeeper of the XX century according to IFFIIS
• Honored Master of Sports (1957)
• Goalkeeper of the Year ( 3 ): 1960, 1963, 1966
• Member of the symbolic national team according to the results of the UEFA European Championship ( 2 ): 1960 , 1964
• UEFA Golden Jubilee Voter : 8th place
• Club Member Igor Net
• The best football player in Russia for the period 1954-2003 (jubilee prize for the 50th anniversary of UEFA)
• Included in the World Cup (2002)
• Included in the list of the greatest football players of the XX century according to World Soccer

• Hero of Socialist Labor (1990)
• Order of Lenin (09.16.60, 1990)
• Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1957, 1971)
• Silver Olympic Order (1986) ^[29]
• Golden Order of Merit, FIFA (1988)
• Medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945" (1945) ^[30]

Matches Yashin for Dynamo Moscow

Matches Yashin for the USSR national team

Total: 74 matches / 70 goals conceded; 42 wins, 19 draws, 13 losses.

Yashin's sports talent was noted by Vladimir Vysotsky in the song “Goalkeeper”:

Here the judge appoints a penalty to the opponent -
Reporters swarmed at that gate.
Only one stubbornly misses me behind me -
He will have a nice rest today!

Robert Rozhdestvensky dedicated Yashin's poem “Years Fly”:

I praise
throwing sensation!
Years fly by
and each
like a penalty
which will you take
for sure!

Yevgeny Yevtushenko wrote a poem about Yashin, “The goalkeeper goes out of the gate”, which was included in the book “My Footballiada”. The poet read a poem before the matches of the Dynamo national teams and the world teams (veterans and current players at that time) on the day of the celebration of Yashin’s 60th birthday on August 10, 1989 at the Dynamo stadium in Petrovsky Park in Moscow ^[31] . The text compares Yashin's non-standard style of play with the free-thinking characteristic of the “sixties” in the USSR.

Captured this courage
when in length and width
temporary workers wanted to do
penalty area
whole country.
The country was covered by a web
forbidden chalk lines,
so that we
clucking chicken
dare not jump over them.
Inspired
jealous of courage
False-fan arrogance:
goalkeeper,
do not panic for the penalty!
Poet, do not go into politics!

  Yashin is immortalized in one of the most famous chants “Dynamo” [32] :

We believe in only one team!
We always cheer for her!
We’ll never leave you in trouble!
Only Yashin! Only Dynamo!
Only Yashin! Only Dynamo!
Only Yashin! Only Dynamo!

The famous goalkeeper and television commentator Vladimir Maslachenko spoke about Lev Yashin like this:

“Yashin had a crazy character. In the match with the Colombians (note - the group stage of the 1962 World Cup ), at the last minute he pulled out a shot in the nine, which was absolutely not taken. “At that moment I screamed so that right on the podium I lost consciousness and fell on the spectators sitting below.” ^[33]

• In 1997, a monument to Yashin (sculptor A.I. Rukavishnikov ) was erected in the Luzhniki sports complex in Moscow.
• In 1999, a monument was erected at the Dynamo central stadium in Moscow (sculptor A. I. Rukavishnikov). In 2018, after the reconstruction of the stadium, the full name of the goalkeeper is also reflected in its full name.

• In May 2011 , Kosior Street in Grozny was renamed Lev Yashin Street ^[34] .
• In 2011, a memorial sign in honor of a football player was opened on Lev Yashin Street in Grozny.
• In December 2013, at the initiative of the Dynamo Sports Society, the name of Lev Yashin was assigned to one of the streets of Moscow located outside the Moscow Ring Road - in the Nekrasovka district of the South-Eastern Administrative District ^{[35] [36]} .
• In Togliatti there is Lev Yashin Street .
• In October 2016 , a monument to Lev Yashin was erected on the “Walk of Russian Glory” opposite the main entrance to the building of the Russian State University of Physical Culture, Sports, Youth and Tourism ^[37] .
• The FIFA Prize to the best goalkeeper of the final stage of the World Cup, from .... to 2010, was called the Yashin Prize .
• The magazine "Spark" annually presents the prize "Goalkeeper of the Year" named after Lev Yashin .
• On December 28, 2009, the Central Bank of Russia announced the issuance of a silver 2-ruble commemorative coin from the series “Outstanding Athletes of Russia” dedicated to Lev Yashin. Coins are issued in a circulation of 3000 pieces and are made of 925 sterling silver, the weight of pure metal is 15.5 grams (half an ounce). Despite the announced release date, the following is written on the coins: “2010”.

• In 2008, the Central Bank of the Republic of Armenia launched the “ Kings of Football ” series of coins, in which a coin in memory of Lev Yashin was issued. Denomination - 100 dram , made of 925 sterling silver. Obverse: in the center - the logo of the series. Along the edge is the name of the country in Armenian (above) - ՀԱՅԱՍՏԱՆԻ ՀԱՆՐԱՊԵՏՈՒԹՅՈՒՆ and in English (below) - REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA. Under the logo is the face value of the coin (“100 ԴՐԱՄ” - 100 drams). Below is the year of issue, in the middle of which is the coat of arms of the Republic of Armenia . Reverse: in the center there is a bust of a football player against a background of a flying ball with a bright train made in the colors of the national flag. Above closer to the left side is the name with the last name in English. At the bottom is the player’s autograph. Weight 28.28 g, diameter 38.61 mm. Design - Robert Kotowicz, coin minted at the Polish Mint . The circulation of the coin is up to 200 thousand copies ^[38] .
• June 21, 2014 in the Brazilian city of Rio de Janeiro , a monument was presented to Lev Yashin. The monument is located in the Museum of Modern Art (Museu de Arte Moderna). The monument is a small copy of the installed statue in Petrovsky Park in Moscow ^[39] .
• The goalkeeper first appears in the FIFA 18 football simulator ^[40] .
• The new stadium of Dynamo Moscow is called VTB Arena - Dynamo Central Stadium named after Lev Yashin ^[41] .
• In 2018 , the Bank of Russia issued a commemorative banknote of 100 rubles, dedicated to the 2018 FIFA World Cup , which depicts the goalkeeper (Lev Yashin), jumping for the ball.

Addresses

In the 1980s and 1990s, there were several conversations about the demolition of house number 15 on Millionnaya Street , where the famous goalkeeper lived in childhood. After 1999, on the day of Yashin’s 70th birthday, the command of the troops of the Moscow District of Internal Troops installed a memorial plaque on the house, talk of demolishing the house ceased ^[15] .

In the 1960s, Yashin moved to the area of ​​Sandy Streets ^[42] . On October 22, 2011, at the house at 18/1 Chapaevsky Lane , where Lev Yashin lived from 1964 to 1990, a memorial plaque was installed ^[6] .

Cinema

• In honor of the 90th birthday of Lev Ivanovich (2019), Dynamo Football Club made the documentary Lev Yashin. Goalkeeper of my dreams. ” ^{[43] [44]}

Stamps

• Montserrat postal block of four stamps with a nominal value of $ 2, dedicated to the 1994 World Cup (USA) . On one of the stamps is a portrait of L. Yashin ^[45] .

• It is known that Yashin smoked a lot. He started smoking at age 13. Such trainers as M. I. Yakushin and G. D. Kachalin , who categorically forbade doing this to their wards, were indulgent towards Yashin's addiction ^[46] . Because of smoking, Yashin often suffered from stomach ulcers . Therefore, he always carried baking soda with him - it pacified the pain ^[47] .
• In the spring of 1949, in a control match in Gagra with the Tractor Stalingrad team - one of his first matches - Yashin missed the most ridiculous goal in his entire career: the ball was put into the game by the goalkeeper of the opponents Yermasov , Yashin collided with his defense partner Averyanov, and the ball rolled into the net. ^[48]
• On July 2, 1967, Lev Yashin entered the field with the rank of captain of the Turkish national football team , who met in Istanbul with Galatasaray . The match was dedicated to the Turkish goalkeeper Turgay Sheren , who was leaving football, who defended the colors of his club in this game. In the game, Yashin did not miss a single ball, and Sheren twice retrieved the ball from the net ^[49] .
• Lev Yashin is the author of a unique achievement: he spent 22 seasons in one club (from 1949 to 1970). Even in matches for the national team, Yashin played in the form with the letter “D” on his sweater. He was the first goalkeeper in Soviet football, who spent a hundred games “to zero”. ^{[50] The} hundredth in his account was the match of the national championship between Dynamo and CSKA on October 28, 1962. In total, Yashin played 207 “dry” matches out of 438 credits in the symbolic Club of his name , which includes domestic goalkeepers who have kept their goal intact in 100 or more games.
• Pele called Yashin the best goalkeeper in the history of world football ^[51] .

• Yashin L.I. Goalkeeper notes. - M .: Library of the magazine " Spark ", 1976. - 64 p.
• Yashin L.I. Happiness of difficult victories. - M .: Physical education and sport , 1985. - 208 p. - ( Hearts given to sports ).

• My footballiad

• Asaulov V.F. Lev Yashin - Russian genius. - M .: Vagrius, 2008 .-- 368 p. - ISBN 978-5-9697-0471-8 .
• Venglinsky G.P., Ilyinsky M.M. Lev Yashin: goalkeeper of the era. Notes and opinions of contemporaries. - M .: Veche, 2005 .-- 160 p. - ISBN 5-9533-1007-2 .
• Vinokurov V.I. Lev Yashin: biographical sketch. - M .: Book Club, 1999. - 64 p. - (Memory. Sport as a sport). - ISBN 5-7717-0017-7 .
• Vinokurov V.I. Yashin, Platini, Beckenbauer and Mueller: biographical essays. - M .: Eksmo, 2009 .-- 288 p. - (Club of the 100 best football players in the world). - ISBN 978-5-699-31147-7 .
• Galedin V.I. Lev Yashin. - M .: Young Guard , 2014 .-- 301 p. - (The life of wonderful people. Issue 1462). - ISBN 978-5-235-03669-7 .
• Goryanov L. B. Novels about the goalkeeper. - M .: Soviet Russia , 1973. - 192 p.
• Yesenin K.S. Football. USSR national team . - M .: Physical education and sport , 1983. - 208 p.
• Soskin A.M. Triumph without mercy. Lev Yashin through a time filter. - M .: Book Club, 2004 .-- 111 p.
• Soskin A.M. Lev Yashin. Behind the curtains of fame. - M .: Algorithm, 2007 .-- 413 p. - (memory). - ISBN 978-5-9265-0422-1 .
• Soskin A.M. Lev Yashin. Shine through the tears. - M .: Algorithm, 2009 .-- 384 p. - ISBN 978-5-9265-0710-9 =.
• Soskin A.M. Lev Yashin. The legendary goalkeeper. - M .: Algorithm, 2014 .-- 349 p. - (Legends of our sport). - ISBN 978-5-4438-0705-8 .
• Team of authors. Russian football for 100 years. - M .: Gregory Page, 1997 .-- 724 p. - ISBN 5-900493-70-9 .
• Chris Whitfield. BALLS! The Best European Football Nations . - Sedbergh Publishing, 2012 .-- S. 1 .-- 149 p. - ISBN 9781476439174 .
• V. Akhlomov, A. Blokhin, I. Dobronravov, A. Drozdov, A. Krichevsky, O. Kuznetsov, S. Popov, I. Utkin, B. Fedosov, V. Filippov, Yu. Shein, V. Shin, M. Shcheglov. LEV YACHINE / Lev Yashin60 - M: Stroyizdat , 1989 .-- 31 p. - 300 000 copies
• Dietrich Schulze-Marmeling. Lew Jaschin. Der Löwe von Moskau - Göttingen, Deutschland: Verlag Die Werkstatt , 2017 .-- 272 p. - ISBN 978-3-7307-0331-1 .
• Dietrich Schulze-Marmeling. Lev Yashin. “I am a legend” - M: E , 2018. - 400 p. - (Sports Icons). - 3000 copies - ISBN 978-5-699-97992-9 .
• Galedin Vladimir Igorevich. Lev Yashin. Goalkeeper of our dreams - M: Young Guard , 2018 .-- 320 p. - 3000 copies - ISBN 978-5-235-04121-9 .
• Ivanov Oleg Nikolaevich. Lessons of Lev Yashin - M: Sport , 2018 .-- 120 p. - 1000 copies - ISBN 978-5-9500180-6-0 .
• Asaulov Victor Fedorovich. Goalkeeper of all times and peoples - M, 2018 .-- 504 p. - 4000 copies
• Soskin Alexander Maksimovich. Unsurpassed Lev Yashin - M: Dynamo Production Center , 2018. - 416 p. - (Legends and Fates). - 3000 copies - ISBN 978-5-9907258-8-1 .

• DVD "You were our idol: Lev Yashin." Series: Stars of Russian sports. Documentary. VIB-Film, 2004, 72 min., Russia
• VHS. "Goalkeeper of the XX century: Lev Yashin." Distributor: TEN-Video. Sports video program. TSSDF. 1989, USSR
• VHS. “Stars of Russia. Lev Yashin. Legends were. ” Series: Stars of Russia. Documentary. Orbit-M. 2000, 52 min., Russia
• “ Lev Yashin is number one ” - director Svetlana Krapivina , screenwriter Mikhail Tyurkin , Andrey Peregudov , Evgeny Bogatyrev (June 13, 2018) Documentary. 69 minutes / 01:09. Russia

• The master man who conquered the world