Acidosis

• headaches
• drowsiness
• dyspnea
• cough
• arrhythmia
• cardiopalmus
• weakness and cramps
• diarrhea
• nausea and vomiting

Usually, oxidation products of organic acids are rapidly removed from the body. In febrile diseases , intestinal disorders, pregnancy , fasting , etc., they are retained in the body, which is manifested in mild cases by the appearance in the urine of acetoacetic acid and acetone (so-called acetonuria ), and in severe cases (for example, diabetes mellitus ) can result to coma .

Depending on the value of the pH :

• compensated acidosis : the blood pH does not fall below the limit of the physiological norm (7.35). Heartbeat increases, breathing becomes faster, and blood pressure rises;
• subcompensated acidosis ( lat. acidosis subcompensata ): the pH level of the blood is in the range of 7.34-7.25. May cause cardiac depression, even cardiac arrhythmias . There is shortness of breath , often vomiting and diarrhea ;
• uncompensated acidosis : pH is below the physiological norm (less than 7.24). Decompensated acidosis. Causes disorders of the central nervous system ( dizziness , drowsiness , loss of consciousness ), cardiovascular system , gastrointestinal tract , etc.

By origin:

• gas acidosis ( lat. acidosis gasea ). Occurs when hypoventilation or inhalation of air with a high content of carbon dioxide . Respiratory , respiratory ;
• non-gas acidosis ( lat. acidosis ingasea ):
  • metabolic acidosis ( lat. acidosis metabolica ). Occurs due to the accumulation of acidic products in the tissues, insufficient binding or destruction ( ketoacidosis , lactic acidosis ). Exchange acidosis;
  • secretory acidosis ( lat. acidosis excretoria ). Occurs with the difficulty of removing non-volatile acids by the kidneys (renal acidosis) or increased loss of bases through the gastrointestinal tract (gastroenteric acidosis);
  • exogenous acidosis ( lat. acidosis exogena ). Occurs with the introduction into the body of a large number of acids or substances that form acids in the process of metabolism ;
• mixed acidosis ( lat. acidosis mixta ). The combination of different types of acidosis. For example, in the pathology of the cardiovascular or respiratory systems, the removal of carbon dioxide is difficult, which causes a decrease in oxygen in the blood and the subsequent accumulation of oxidized metabolic products.

Elimination of the cause of acidosis (for example, insulin deficiency in diabetes).

• Alkalosis
• Kussmaul's breath
• Acetonemic syndrome in children
• Ketoacidosis

References Used

• Acidosis // The Small Medical Encyclopedia, V. 1 - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1991 - p. 193-1945 - ISBN 5-85270-040-1

• Acetonuria // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 tons (82 tons and 4 extra). - SPb. , 1890-1907.