Alekseev, Dmitry Viktorovich

Born on November 9, 1875 in Moscow . A court adviser from the middle class (since 1905), D.V. Alekseev graduated from the 5th gymnasium and the natural department of the Physics and Mathematics Faculty of Moscow University with a diploma of I degree (1901).

He worked as a laboratory assistant at Tomsk Technological Institute , passed the master's exam at Kazan University (1905), went on a business trip abroad for two years, during which he worked in the field of physical chemistry with Professor W. Nernst in Berlin and with Professor F. Gaber in Karlsruhe (1906 -1908).

Since 1908, in Moscow, privat-docent of Moscow University (since 1910/1911 academic year), at the same time as a chemistry teacher at the Higher Pedagogical Institute. Shelaputin .

After defending his dissertation for a master's degree in chemistry (“On the explosive decomposition of acetylene”, 1916) he was awarded the gold medal of the Imperial Moscow Society of Lovers of Natural History, Anthropology and Ethnography in the Department of Chemistry.

In the same year he was sent to Perm . Since the fall of 1916 - privat-docent, since 1917 - professor at the Department of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of PSU .

Since December 6, 1917 - and. about. full professor, first head of the department of physical chemistry and electrochemistry at Perm University . ^[1] Together with M. N. Polukarov it is considered its creator. ^[2]

In 1919, he served as dean of the Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry.

In 1919-1921, in connection with the evacuation of Perm University to Siberia, he worked as a chemistry professor, first at Tomsk University and the Tomsk Technological Institute , then at the Omsk Agricultural Institute .

In 1921, D.V. Alekseev returned to Perm University . At this time, there was a reorganization: the departments of inorganic and physical chemistry were combined into one department, the department of inorganic and physical chemistry (first - as part of medical, then - as part of the pedagogical faculty). He led this joint department. ^[3]

In 1925, he made several reports at the IV Mendeleev Congress of Chemists in Moscow .

In 1927 he left Perm University in connection with the transition to work at Tashkent University , where in 1928 he headed the department of inorganic and physical chemistry. He reorganized the department and equipped a research laboratory in accordance with the current requirements of science at that time.

In 1930 he transferred to Leningrad . Since 1930, he headed the department of physical chemistry at the Military Artillery Academy . He directed research on the passage of hydrogen and other gases through metals at high temperatures and pressures at the State Institute of High Pressure.

June 26, 1935 died in an explosion that occurred during the experiment.

In the mid-1920s, together with MN Polukarov, he discovered the phenomenon of hydrogen embrittlement of steels in the process of their cathodic polarization.

The loss of strength by a metal under the influence of hydrogen penetrating deep into it was called hydrogen embrittlement, and the process of its acquisition was called hydrogen disturbance.

Due to the great practical importance of the open effect, the study of the mechanism of hydrogen embrittlement of metals and the effect of hydrogenation stimulants has been widely developed both in our country and abroad.

The author of about 20 scientific papers, including a textbook on physical chemistry “Physical chemistry. Part I. Chemical thermodynamics. Fundamentals of molecular kinetic theory. " L., 1934. During his work in Perm, he published 13 articles, including in the materials of the IV Mendeleev Congress, in the Journal of the Russian Physicochemical Society (1924-1926). Several of his reports on the hydrogen embrittlement of metals were published in the German journal Zeitschrift fur Elektrochemie.

• To the question of electrocatalysis // RFHO Journal. 1909. T. 41;
• About the new heptane isomer symmetrically tetramethylpropane or methyl2-metal4 and its presence in Caucasian oil. From the TTI laboratory February 17, 1909. // J. RFHO. 1909.Vol. 41, no. four.
• On the explosive decomposition of acetylene // Bulletin of the Pedagogical Institute. Pavel Grigoryevich Shelaputin. M., 1915. Prince. four;
• New foundations of chemical mechanics // Bulletin of the Biological Research Institute at Perm State University. 1924;
• Physical chemistry. Part I. Chemical thermodynamics. Fundamentals of molecular kinetic theory. L., 1934. [1] [2]

• Gold medal of the Imperial Moscow Society of Lovers of Natural History, Anthropology and Ethnography in the Department of Chemistry.

In May 1901, he was a witness from the groom at the wedding of Anton Pavlovich Chekhov and Olga Knipper . ^[four]

1. Alekseev Dmitry Viktorovich // Gagarin A.V. Professors of Tomsk Polytechnic University. Biographical reference. T. 1. Tomsk, 2000.
2. Alekseev Dmitry Viktorovich // Professors of Tomsk University: Biographical Dictionary / S. F. Fominykh, S. A. Nekrylov, L. L. Bertsun, A. V. Litvinov. Tomsk, 1998.V. 2.
3. D.V. Alekseev: Obituary // Journal of Applied Chemistry. 1935. T. 8. No. 1.
4. Alekseev Dmitry Viktorovich // Glossary of the Library of Spiritual Science. Russian anthroposophical movement.
5. Alekseev Dmitry Viktorovich // Tomsk State University. Electronic Encyclopedia.
6. About the Department of Physical Chemistry // Perm State National Research University.
7. Alekseev Dmitry Viktorovich // Electronic encyclopedia of TPU.
8. Oshurkova R. A. Alekseev Dmitry Viktorovich // Professors of Perm State University (1916-2001) / Ch. Ed .: V.V. Malanin . Perm: Publishing house Perm. University, 2001.279 s. S. 11-12.
9. Rogozhnikov S.I. , Oshurkova R.A. Dmitry Viktorovich Alekseev // Perm State National Research University.
10. Rogozhnikov S.I. , Degtev M.I. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Perm University - occurrence, first head, first graduation // Perm University Herald. Chemistry. 2014. Issue. 1 (13). S. 4–27.
11. Rogozhnikov S.I.Our man at the wedding of Anton Chekhov // Perm University. No. 1 (1848). January 21, 2015 .
12. Shulgina N.P., Mochalova N.K., Kotomtseva M.G. Department of Inorganic Chemistry and its research areas from 1916 to 2011 // Bulletin of Perm University. Series "Chemistry". 2011. Issue. 2 (2). S. 4–18.