Margrave or Marquise of Bodonitsa ( Greek Μαρκιωνία / Μαρκιζᾶτον τῆς Βοδονίτσα -) is a crusader state that arose in Central Greece after the fourth crusade . Its center was Vodonitsa (Boudonitsa) in the region of Fthiotis - the current Mendenitsa , 180 km north of Athens .
| Historical state | |
| Marquisat of Bodonitsa | |
|---|---|
| Greek Μαρκιωνία / Μαρκιζᾶτον τῆς Βοδονίτσας | |
 Marquisite of Bodonitsa (dark green). | |
←   →1204 - 1414 | |
| Capital | Bodonitsa |
| Languages) | Greek , Italian |
| Form of government | Monarchy |
| Continuity | |
| ← Byzantine Empire | |
| Ottoman Empire → | |
Content
History
In the fall of 1204, King Thessaloniki Boniface I of Monferrato handed over Guido Pallavicini as a Margrave to protect the strategically important mountain Pass of Thermopylae .
In 1224, Thessaloniki was captured by the Kingdom of Epirus , headed by Fedor I the Angel , who later tried to recapture Vodonitsa as well. Only with the help of the neighboring Latin rulers and the principality of Achaea Guido did they manage to maintain their possession, which in 1248 already became a vassal of Achaea.
The marquise by that time was the northernmost enclave held by the Latins of possessions in Greece: to the north and west of Vodonitsa were already Byzantine-Greek Epirus and Thessaloniki, in the south and east the Italian Duchy and Euboea (Negroponte) were in the possession of the Italians.
The state was able to survive the invasion of mercenaries of the Catalan campaign in 1311, whose leaders eventually became rulers of Athens. To maintain their power, the rulers of Bodonitsa ceded the city of Lamia to them and, together with paying tribute, became their vassals; by 1380–1381, among 18 vassals, they were second only to the county of Salon and Count Demitre, who ruled southeastern Thessaly [1] .
After 1311, two Venetian families held power in the state: Cornaro (until 1335) and Zorzi , who ruled until 1414. This year, the Ottoman Turks, to whom tribute had already been sent since 1393, seized the territory of the Marquisate, however this title was used in the future.
Rulers
Pallavicini
Thomas inherited margrave after a dispute with the widower Isabella, being the grandson of Guido Pallavicini's brother Rubino.
- 1204-1237 Guido
- 1237—1278 Ubertino
- 1278-1286 Isabella
- 1278–1286 (?) Antonio le Flamenc , spouse (presumably)
- 1286 - ???? Thomas
- ???? - 1311 Alberto
- 1311-1323 Maria Dalla Carchery , wife
- 1312-1323 Andrea Cornaro , spouse
- 1311-1358 Guglielmo
- 1327–1334 Bartolomemeo Zaccaria , husband
Zorzi
The first of Zorzi was the husband of Guglielma.
- 1335–1345 Nicholas I
- 1345–1388 Francisco
- 1388-1410 Jacob
- 1410-1411 Nicholas II
- 1411-1414 Nicholas III
Notes
- ↑ Setton, Kenneth Meyer. Athens in the Middle Ages . - Variorum Reprints, 1975 .-- P. 246. - ISBN 9780902089846 .
Literature
- Miller, William . The Marquisate of Boudonitza (1204-1414) // Journal of Hellenic Studies : journal. - 1908. - Vol. 28 . - P. 234-249 . - DOI : 10.2307 / 624608 .
- Setton, Kenneth M. (general editor) A History of the Crusades: Volume III - The Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries . Harry W. Hazard, editor. University of Wisconsin Press: Madison, 1975.
- Setton, Kenneth M. Catalan Domination of Athens 1311–1380 . Revised edition. Variorum: London, 1975.
- Marquisate of Bodonitsa.
- Zakythinos, DA Le Despotat Grec de Morée: les Belles Lettres: [] . - Paris, 1932.