Map of the dominant haplogroups of the Y chromosome in pre-colonial world populations
The genetic history of the Indians allows you to supplement the data of linguistics and archeology. The hypothesis of the initial settlement of America from Siberia through the Bering Strait finds confirmation. This is indicated by studies of mitochondrial DNA isolated from the tooth of a teenage girl who lived 12 thousand years ago in Mexico [1] .
As for the male genes, most of the Indians have the haplogroup Q (Q1a3a), which makes them related to the indigenous peoples of Siberia, as well as Europeans [2] .
Haplogroup C (C-P39) is also common among Native American Indians living in North America. Genetic analysis data suggest that contacts between the Polynesians and the Brazilian Botocudo Indians [3]