Theodor Otto Richard Plivier ( German: Theodor Otto Richard Plievier , until 1933 Plivier ; February 12, 1892 , Berlin - March 12, 1955 , Aveno, Ticino , Switzerland ) - German writer, author of the trilogy about World War II , including the novels "Stalingrad", " Moscow "and" Berlin ".
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Biography
Theodore Plivier was the thirteenth child in the family of Theodore R. Plivier and Albertina L. Ting. The father of the future writer was engaged in craft: he made and repaired files . Already at the age of twelve, young Theodore began working in the market in Wedding , and after graduating from high school he began to study as a bricklayer .
At sixteen, due to a quarrel with his parents, Plivier left his home in Gezundbrunnen and began wandering around Europe . Through Leipzig and Munich, Theodor first got to Vienna , and from there to Budapest , where after being arrested he was deported to the Hungarian border, wandered around Bohemia and the Palatinate for a while, and then reached the Rotterdam along the Rhine . After an unsuccessful attempt to get to the UK , hiding in the hold of an English steamboat, Plivier got a job as a sailor in the merchant fleet. From 1910 to 1913 he lived in South America in Chile , where he worked as a fisherman, cattle racer, miner and translator [5] .
Upon returning to Germany in 1914, Plivier was called up for service in the Imperial Navy and during the First World War he served on the auxiliary cruiser Wolf. In November 1918, Theodore took an active part in the sailor uprising in Kiel .
After the war, Plivier quit the fleet and was closely engaged in the development of the anarchist movement in the country. In 1920, he married actress Maria Shtots. In 1922, he organized a fundraiser for the starving Russia . For some time he worked as a journalist and translator, and then again got a job as a sailor and left for Chile, where he served as secretary of the German vice-consul.
After Plivier returned to Germany in 1929, his first novel “Kulie Kaiser” ( German Des Kaisers Kulis ) was published, on the basis of which theatrical production was created in 1930 by director Erwin Piskator . Particularly due to criticism of the German military system in the pages of this book, after the coming to power of the National Socialists, Plivier was blacklisted by the authors [6] .
In 1931, after a divorce from Maria Stotz, the writer marries actress Hildegard Piskator, the former wife of Erwin Piskator.
In 1933, Pivier emigrated to the USSR in Leningrad . Then he settled in the village of Paulskoye (modern Pavlovka in the Samara region ), in the late 30s he moved to Moscow . In 1941, he went to evacuation, first to Tashkent , and later to Ufa . In 1943 he joined the Free Germany National Committee . During his stay in Paulsky, the writer worked on a novel about the Germans of the Volga region , but was forced to burn manuscripts [7] .
In 1945, two publishing houses Aufbau Verlag ( Berlin ) and El libro libre ( Mexico City ) published almost simultaneously the novel Stalingrad, which was subsequently translated into 26 languages and became the most popular work of Plivier. While working on the book, the writer received permission to access documents on the Battle of Stalingrad and letters from German soldiers.
In the same year, Theodor Plivier returned to Germany, to the Soviet zone of occupation , worked for two years as a deputy of the Thuringian Landtag , participated in the activities of the Cultural Union and local publishing houses.
In 1948, the writer moved to West Germany, first to Hamburg , and then to Konstanz , explaining this act by disappointment in the politics of Soviet communism . In 1950 he marries Margarita Grotte. And in 1953 he settled in the Aveno region of the Swiss canton of Ticino .
Works
- 1923 - Aufbruch
- 1923 - Weltwende
- 1930 - “Coolie Kaiser. A novel from the life of the German navy ”( German: Des Kaisers Kulis. Roman der deutschen Kriegsflotte , novel)
- 1930 - Zwölf Mann und ein Kapitän (short story collection)
- 1932 - Über seine Arbeit
- 1932 - “The Kaiser is gone, the generals are left” ( German: Der Kaiser ging, die Generäle blieben , novel)
- 1935 - “Tenth of November 1918: Chapter from the novel of the same name” ( German: Der 10. November 1918. Ein Kapitel aus dem gleichnamigen Roman )
- 1939 - “In the Compiegne Forest” ( German: Im Wald von Compiegne )
- 1940 - Das Tor der Welt. Tudapa »
- 1941 - "Im letzten Winkel der Erde"
- 1942 - "Hedgehog" ( German: Der Igel , a collection of short stories)
- 1945 - "Stalingrad" ( German: Stalingrad , novel)
- 1946 - “Sharks. A comedy from sailor's life ”( German: Haifische , novel)
- 1949 - Eine deutsche Novelle
- 1952 - Moskau (novel)
- 1954 - Berlin (novel)
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 118641719 // General regulatory control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ 1 2 SNAC - 2010.
- Mp filmportal.de - 2005.
- ↑ 1 2 BNF ID : 2011 open data platform .
- ↑ From my life | Change
- ↑ Sämtliche Schriften - Liste | VERBRANNTE und VERBANNTE
- ↑ Bundesstiftung zur Aufarbeitung der SED-Diktatur | Recherche | Biographische datenbanken
Links
- Biography (German)