Helena Wolińska-Brus ( Polish. Helena Wolińska-Brus , nee Fayga Mindlja Danelyak, Polish. Fajga Mindla Danielak [1] ; February 27, 1919 , Warsaw - November 27, 2008 , Oxford ) - Polish prosecutor in show trials , which often death sentences were imposed .
| Helena Wolińska-Brus | |
|---|---|
| polish Helena wolińska-brus | |
 Volynska-Brus in the late 1940s | |
| Birth name | Faiga Mindlja Danelyak |
| Date of Birth | February 27, 1919 |
| Place of Birth | Warsaw , Poland |
| Date of death | November 27, 2008 (89 years old) |
| Place of death | Oxford , Oxfordshire , UK |
| Nationality | Poland, UK |
| Occupation | the prosecutor |
| Awards and prizes | |
Content
Biography
The early years
Born in a Jewish family [1] in Warsaw (birth name - Fayga Mindla Danelyak, Polish. Fajga Mindla Danielak ). In 1936 she joined the ranks of the Communist Youth Organization ( Polish Komunistyczny Związek Młodzieży Polskiej , KZPM). Before the war, she entered the Faculty of Law, University of Warsaw [approx. 1] .
Resistance Participation
During the German occupation , fleeing the Warsaw ghetto , joined the Communist People's Guard ( Polish Gwardia Ludowa , GL) (September 1942). Was in the ranks of GL and then in the People’s Army ( Polish Armia Ludowa , AL) until July 1944 [approx. 2] . She led the office of the AL headquarters.
Post-War Service
From August 1944 to March 1949 she was the head of the personnel department of the main department of the People’s Police of Poland. From April 1949 to September 1954, she served in the main military prosecutor's office with the rank of lieutenant colonel , actively participated in show trials in post-war Poland as a prosecutor. She took part in the arrests and executions of participants in the Polish underground state . Including sent to execution Brigadier General Craiova , the famous leader of the Polish resistance August Fielddorf . In 1956, the State Commission on De-Stalinization concluded that Volynska-Brus conducted biased investigations and participated in staged processes, which often resulted in death sentences [2] . During the political crisis of 1968, together with her first husband, she left for Great Britain, where she received citizenship.
After the collapse of the communist regime , from 1989 to 2008 , the Polish government three times unsuccessfully appealed to the British authorities with statements about the extradition of Wolinski. Formal charges were brought forward by the Polish Institute of National Remembrance [2] .
Personal life
The first husband is the economist Wlodzimierz Brus (née Benjamin Zilberberg). Separated from her husband during the German occupation , escaping from the Warsaw ghetto . In 1942, believing that her husband was dead, she married the commander of the People’s Guard, Franciszek Juzvjak , and later the leading functionary of the Polish United Workers Party . In 1956, divorced Yuzvyak and returned to Brus.
In art
Helena Wolinska-Brus became the prototype of one of the characters in the Polish film " Ida " (2013). In 2014, this film was awarded the Academy Award " Academy Award " in the nomination "Best Foreign Language Film" [3] .
See also
- Communist crimes (Polish law)
- Decommunization
- PACE Resolution No. 1481
- Overcoming the past
Notes
- ↑ Graduated from the university in 1948.
- ↑ Military organization of the Polish Workers' Party , operating in 1944-1945 in the Polish territories occupied by Germany.
Sources
Literature
- Aldona Zaorska. Sąsiedzi. Najbardziej okrutni oprawcy polskich patriotów. - Warszawa 2012. - ISBN 978-83-932704-4-6 .
Links
- EX-STALINIST ACCUSED Casting the First Stone Warsaw Voice
- Old bbc news story
- East European Constitutional Review , New York University Law School 1999
- Polish enemies fight over Gen Emil Fieldorf The Daily Telegraph , November 25, 2007. Retrieved: November 25, 2007.
- “From Holocaust to hunted at 88” , Chicago Tribune
- The Three Lives of Helena Brus , 6 grudnia 1998, The Sunday Telegraph 1998