Cytoglobin is a product of the CYGB gene that humans and other mammals have [1] .
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| Symbol | ; HGB; STAP | ||||||||||||
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Cytoglobin is a globin protein that is expressed in all tissues, and is especially highly accumulated in marine mammals . It is believed that it protects them from hypoxia . One of the likely functions of cytoglobin is the transfer of oxygen from arterial blood to the brain [2] .
Content
Application
CYGB gene expression can be used as a specific marker for the separation of stellate liver cells from portal myofibroblasts of a damaged human liver [3] .
Notes
- ↑ Entrez Gene: CYGB cytoglobin .
- ↑ Why Diving Marine Mammals Resist Brain Damage from Low Oxygen .
- ↑ Motoyama H., Komiya T., Thuy le TT, Tamori A., Enomoto M., Morikawa H., Iwai S., Uchida-Kobayashi S., Fujii H., Hagihara A., Kawamura E., Murakami Y. , Yoshizato K., Kawada N. Cytoglobin is expressed in hepatic stellate cells, but not in myofibroblasts, in normal and fibrotic human liver (English) // Lab. Invest. : journal. - 2014 .-- Vol. 94 , no. 2 . - P. 192-207 . - DOI : 10.1038 / labinvest.2013.135 . - PMID 24296877 .
Further reading
- Kawada N., Kristensen DB, Asahina K., et al. Characterization of a stellate cell activation-associated protein (STAP) with peroxidase activity found in rat hepatic stellate cells. (English) // J. Biol. Chem. : journal. - 2001. - Vol. 276 , no. 27 . - P. 25318-25323 . - DOI : 10.1074 / jbc.M102630200 . - PMID 11320098 .
- Trent JT, Hargrove MS A ubiquitously expressed human hexacoordinate hemoglobin. (English) // J. Biol. Chem. : journal. - 2002. - Vol. 277 , no. 22 . - P. 19538-19545 . - DOI : 10.1074 / jbc.M201934200 . - PMID 11893755 .
- Burmester T., Ebner B., Weich B., Hankeln T. Cytoglobin: a novel globin type ubiquitously expressed in vertebrate tissues. (Eng.) // Molecular Biology and Evolution : journal. - Oxford University Press , 2002. - Vol. 19 , no. 4 . - P. 416-421 . - DOI : 10.1093 / oxfordjournals.molbev.a004096 . - PMID 11919282 .
- Asahina K., Kawada N., Kristensen DB, et al. Characterization of human stellate cell activation-associated protein and its expression in human liver. (English) // Biochim. Biophys. Acta : journal. - 2002. - Vol. 1577 , no. 3 . - P. 471-475 . - DOI : 10.1016 / s0167-4781 (02) 00477-3 . - PMID 12359339 .
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences (Eng.) // Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America : journal. - 2003. - Vol. 99 , no. 26 . - P. 16899-16903 . - DOI : 10.1073 / pnas.242603899 . - PMID 12477932 .
- Sawai H., Kawada N., Yoshizato K., et al. Characterization of the heme environmental structure of cytoglobin, a fourth globin in humans (Eng.) // Biochemistry: journal. - 2003. - Vol. 42 , no. 17 . - P. 5133-5142 . - DOI : 10.1021 / bi027067e . - PMID 12718557 .
- Geuens E., Brouns I., Flamez D., et al. A globin in the nucleus! (English) // J. Biol. Chem. : journal. - 2003. - Vol. 278 , no. 33 . - P. 30417-30420 . - DOI : 10.1074 / jbc.C300203200 . - PMID 12796507 .
- Hamdane D., Kiger L., Dewilde S., et al. The redox state of the cell regulates the ligand binding affinity of human neuroglobin and cytoglobin (Eng.) // J. Biol. Chem. : journal. - 2004. - Vol. 278 , no. 51 . - P. 51713-51721 . - DOI : 10.1074 / jbc.M309396200 . - PMID 14530264 .
- Schmidt M., Gerlach F., Avivi A., et al. Cytoglobin is a respiratory protein in connective tissue and neurons, which is up-regulated by hypoxia (Eng.) // J. Biol. Chem. : journal. - 2004. - Vol. 279 , no. 9 . - P. 8063-8069 . - DOI : 10.1074 / jbc.M310540200 . - PMID 14660570 .
- Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., et al. Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs (Eng.) // Nat. Genet. : journal. - 2004. - Vol. 36 , no. 1 . - P. 40-5 . - DOI : 10.1038 / ng1285 . - PMID 14702039 .
- Hünermund G., Schirmacher A., Ringelstein B., et al. Genomic organization and mutation analysis of three candidate genes for hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy (eng.) // Muscle Nerve : journal. - 2004. - Vol. 29 , no. 4 . - P. 601-604 . - DOI : 10.1002 / mus . 20009 . - PMID 15052627 .
- de Sanctis D., Dewilde S., Pesce A., et al. Crystal structure of cytoglobin: the fourth globin type discovered in man displays heme hexa-coordination (Eng.) // J. Mol. Biol. : journal. - 2004. - Vol. 336 , no. 4 . - P. 917-927 . - DOI : 10.1016 / j.jmb.2003.12.063 . - PMID 15095869 .
- Sugimoto H., Makino M., Sawai H., et al. Structural basis of human cytoglobin for ligand binding (Eng.) // J. Mol. Biol. : journal. - 2004. - Vol. 339 , no. 4 . - P. 873-885 . - DOI : 10.1016 / j.jmb.2004.04.024 . - PMID 15165856 .
- Fago A., Hundahl C., Dewilde S., et al. Allosteric regulation and temperature dependence of oxygen binding in human neuroglobin and cytoglobin. Molecular mechanisms and physiological significance (English) // J. Biol. Chem. : journal. - 2004. - Vol. 279 , no. 43 . - P. 44417-44426 . - DOI : 10.1074 / jbc.M407126200 . - PMID 15299006 .
- Gerhard DS, Wagner L., Feingold EA, et al. The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) (Eng.) // Genome Res. : journal. - 2004. - Vol. 14 , no. 10B . - P. 2121-2127 . - DOI : 10.1101 / gr.2596504 . - PMID 15489334 .
- Hamdane D., Kiger L., Dewilde S., et al. Hyperthermal stability of neuroglobin and cytoglobin (English) // FEBS J. : journal. - 2005. - Vol. 272 , no. 8 . - P. 2076-2084 . - DOI : 10.1111 / j.1742-4658.2005.04635.x . - PMID 15819897 .
- Sawai H., Makino M., Mizutani Y., et al. Structural characterization of the proximal and distal histidine environment of cytoglobin and neuroglobin (Eng.) // Biochemistry: journal. - 2006. - Vol. 44 , no. 40 . - P. 13257-13265 . - DOI : 10.1021 / bi050997o . - PMID 16201751 .
- Shaw RJ, Liloglou T., Rogers SN, et al. Promoter methylation of P16, RARβ, E-cadherin, cyclin A1 and cytoglobin in oral cancer: quantitative evaluation using pyrosequencing (Eng.) // Br. J. Cancer : journal. - 2006. - Vol. 94 , no. 4 . - P. 561-568 . - DOI : 10.1038 / sj.bjc.6602972 . - PMID 16449996 .
- McRonald FE, Liloglou T., Xinarianos G., et al. Down-regulation of the cytoglobin gene, located on 17q25, in tylosis with oesophageal cancer (TOC): evidence for trans-allele repression (Eng.) // Human Molecular Genetics : journal. - Oxford University Press , 2006. - Vol. 15 , no. 8 . - P. 1271-1277 . - DOI : 10.1093 / hmg / ddl042 . - PMID 16510494 .
- Xinarianos G., McRonald FE, Risk JM, et al. Frequent genetic and epigenetic abnormalities contribute to the deregulation of cytoglobin in non-small cell lung cancer (Eng.) // Human Molecular Genetics : journal. - Oxford University Press , 2006. - Vol. 15 , no. 13 . - P. 2038-2044 . - DOI : 10.1093 / hmg / ddl128 . - PMID 16698880 .